Chem 163 Exam #1 Information

Exam #1: In class Wednesday, July 25th. You will be given 80 minutes to complete the exam. You may
use any scientific or graphing calculator you wish, as long as it is not capable of wireless communication
(i.e. phones, tablets, and/or laptops are not allowed). Your calculator may not have information stored
in its memory (I may perform random calculator memory checks before, during, or right after the exam).
Notes of any kind may not be used during the exam.

Exam #1 will cover Ch. 14 and 15, Lab #1: Le Châtelier’s Principle, and Lab #2: Ksp of Ca(IO3)2

Things you still need to have memorized from Chem 161 (with emphasis on the bolded ones):
 Table 1.1 the SI Base Units (not A or cd) and Table 1.2 SI Prefix Multipliers (plus 1x10-10=1 Å)
 The Greek prefixes for naming compounds (the same as common hydrate prefixes, pgs. 92 and 93)
 The seven (7) gaseous elements which exist in diatomic form
 Zn2+, Ag+, and Cd2+ cations don’t use Roman numerals when naming
 Group 1 elements form 1+ cations, group 2 elements form 2+ cations, group 17 elements form 1−
anions, group 16 elements form 2− anions, N forms the N3− anion, and Al, Ga, and In form 3+
cations.
 Table 3.4, the common polyatomic ions
 Table 15.3 and Table 15.8, the common strong acids and bases
 Rules for Assigning Oxidation States (pg. 161)
 Significant figure rules (multiplication/division, addition/subtraction, and logarithims)

The following is a list of conceptual ideas and computational skills you need to have mastered for the
first midterm.

Ch. 14:
You should be able to:
 Identify the kinetic and equilibrium regions on a concentration vs. time graph.
 Define dynamic equilibrium.
 Relate rates of forward and backwards reaction at equilibrium.
 Given an equilibrium reaction, write down the expression for Kc and/or Kp.
 Given equilibrium concentrations or pressures, calculate Kc or Kp.
 Given an equilibrium reaction and either Kc or Kp calculate the other equilibrium constant.
 Calculate Kc or Kp for the reverse reaction, or for a sum of reactions.
 Write equilibrium constant expressions for homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibrium reactions.
 Predict extent of reaction (i.e. mostly products or mostly reactants left) based on the size of K
 Define the reaction quotient (Q), know how it differs from K, and write an expression for Q given an
equilibrium reaction.
 Predict the direction of reaction based on the size of Q relative to K.
 Use an ICE table to determine the equilibrium constant or equilibrium concentrations.
 State Le Chatelier’s Principle in your own words.
 Predict which direction a reaction will progress if its equilibrium is perturbed by adding reactants or
products, changing the total pressure, or changing the temperature.
 Understand the effect a catalyst has on the equilibrium mixture composition and time to reach
equilibrium.
Ch. 15:
You should be able to:
 Identify acid & base species (Bronsted-Lowry).
 Recognize strong acids and bases.
 Decide whether reactants or products are favored in an acid-base reaction based on K’s (or relative
locations in table 15.2).
 Calculate concentrations of H3O+ and OH- in solutions of strong acid or base (both concentrated and
dilute solutions).
 Calculate the pH from the H3O+ concentration, and vice versa.
 Define acidic, neutral, and basic solutions, and correlate them with pH.
 Calculate the pOH from the OH- concentration, and vice versa.
 Predict relative acid strengths of binary acids and oxoacids.
 Calculate [H3O+] and [OH-] in solution using Kw (at any temperature, given Kw).
 Predict solution acidity or basicity based upon substances added.
 Write acid-ionization and base-ionization hydrolysis reactions and their equilibrium constants.
Determine Ka or Kb from the solution pH or pOH.
 Calculate the concentration of a species in a weak acid solution using Ka (including for polyprotic
acids).
 Calculate the degree of ionization of an acid in solution.
 Determine when approximations may be made in solving for equilibrium concentrations.
 Determine when the self-ionization of water contributes significantly to the equilibrium solution pH.
 Calculate the concentration of a species in a weak base solution using Kb.
 Rank relative acid or base strengths given Ka or Kb values.
 Obtain Ka from Kb or Kb from Ka.
 Predict whether a salt solution is acidic, basic, or neutral.
 Calculate concentrations of species in a salt solution.
 Identify Lewis acids and bases

You do NOT need to memorize the table of relative acid / base strengths (though you DO need to
know the common strong acids and bases). This information will be provided in the problem if it is
needed.

For Lab experiment, I’m just looking for you to have some familiarity with what you did, but I do not
need you to have memorized all of the procedure or steps. Essentially, if I frame questions in terms of
“what you did in lab” I just don’t want it be like you’ve never seen this before when I know you did!

Lab #1: Le Châtelier’s Principle

You should be able to:
 Predict the direction an equilibrium will shift based on the addition or removal of a product.
 Describe how an equilibrium will be affected in a given reaction in terms of Le Châtelier’s Principle.
 Describe how two different equilibrium process can affect each other based on the presence of a
common species in both equilibrium equations.

Lab #2: Ksp of Ca(IO3)2

You should be able to:
 Calculate solution concentrations given experimental titration data and chemical equations.
 Calculate a Ksp for Ca(IO3)2 given titration data.
In addition to the periodic table, you will be given the following information on Exam 1 (so you don’t
need to memorize it).

Mass Conversions Acid-Base Equations

1 ton = 2,000 lbs (exact) Kw = [H3O+][OH−] = 1.01 × 10-14 (25.0 °C)

1 lb = 453.6 g pH + pOH = 14.000 (25.0 °C)

1 amu = 1.66054 × 10-27 kg pH = −log[H3O+] [H3O+] = 10-pH

pOH = −log[OH−] [OH−] = 10-pOH

Volume Conversions pK = −log(K) Ka·Kb = Kw

1 mL = 1 cm3

1 L = 1 dm3 Quadratic Formula

−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
1 L = 1.0567 qt 𝑥=
2𝑎
1 gal = 3.785412 L where: ax2 + bx + c = 0

Length Conversion

1 in = 2.54 cm (exact)

1 mi = 1.6093 km