Basic Principles

Organ is in homeostasis with physiologic stress placed on it

Increase, decrease, or change in stress on an organ can
result in growth adaptations

Hyperplasia and Hypertrophy

Increase in stress leads to increase in organ size
Occurs via increase in size and/or_number_of cells

Hypertrophy
Involves gene activation, protein synthesis. and production
of organelles

Hyperplasia

Involves production of new cells from stern cells

Hyperplasia and hypertrophy generally occur together

Example- uterus during pregnancy

Permanent tissues cannot make

new cells
Undergo hypertrophy only

Pathologic hyperplasia can

progress to dysplasia and cancer
Example—endometrial hyperplasia

Exception—benign prostatic hyperplasia