Midas IT PH

MODELING AND DESIGN OF

CONVENTIONAL BRIDGES:
Preparation of Input Data
By Jose E. Pagaran, Jr.
DCCD Engineering Corporation
INPUT PARAMETERS
FOR DESIGN OF CONVENTIONAL BRIDGES
• Topographic/Hydrographic Survey
• Geotechnical Investigation
• Coastal Data
• Geohazard
• Hydraulic Analysis

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TOPOGRAPHIC/HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY

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GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION

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GEOHAZARD

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HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS

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References for Bridge
Design
• Design Guidelines, Criteria & Standards
(DGCS), 2015

• Bridge Seismic Design Specifications

(BSDS), 2013

• American Association of State Highways

and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 2012

• AASHTO Guidelines for LRFD Seismic

Bridge Design, 2011

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Design Guidelines
from DGCS

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Determination of Bridge Length

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Spanning
6.1.2 SPAN ARRANGEMENT
Minor bridges should be single-span to eliminate any piers.

Two-span bridges with a pier in the center of the stream should be avoided. An
alternative arrangement with a pier on either side of the stream channel should be
adopted. Shorter end spans may be considered in such cases.

An odd number of spans shall be preferably used to avoid a pier at the center of a river
or creek with rapid stream flow and / or high debris loads.

The span length(s) adopted for a bridge should be commensurate with the height of
the bridge and the nature of the crossing. Simple cost optimization theory suggests
that the lowest bridge cost is achieved when the cost of the superstructure and the
cost of the substructure (including foundation cost) are approximately equal. This
leads to simple rules:

• Low substructure costs (for example, a low bridge or rock at shallow depth)
indicate that smaller spans should be adopted with an increased number of
piers.

• High substructure costs (for example, deep soft soils) indicate that longer spans
should be adopted to reduce the number of piers.

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Bridge Width
6.1.3. CLEAR WIDTH OF BRIDGES
The minimum width of bridges shall be in accordance with Table 6.1.3-1.

No Lanes Minimum Width Roadway

1 Lane 4.00 m

2 Lanes 7.32 m

More than 2 lanes Refer to Highway Design Requirements

Table 6.1.3-1 Clear Width of a Bridge

For Farm to Market Bridges, based on the DWPH Department Order

No. 11 Series of 2014, February 3, 2014 Design Standards for Tourism
and Farm to Market Roads, carriageway width is 4.60 m (for 4.0m
roadway width) and 5.60 m (for 5.0m roadway width)

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 Bridge Types According to Materials
Table 6.3.3-1 Span Range for Reinforced Concrete Bridges
FORM OF CONSTRUCTION SPAN RANGE
*Precast Slab or Flat Slab 6.0m to 12.0m.
*Concrete Deck Girder (RCDG) 13.0m to 20.0m
Box Girder 22.0m to 30.0m
Hollow Slab Bridge 10.0m to 20.0m
*Reference should be made to Department Order No. 30 Series of 2011 Prescribing Concrete
Structures for Short Bridges, issued on May 16, 2011 .

Table 6.3.3-1 Span Range for Prestressed Concrete Bridges

FORM OF CONSTRUCTION SPAN RANGE
Channel beams 11.0m to 14.0m.
Tee beams 15.0m to 18.0m
*I-beams 21.0m to 30.0m
Box girders Over 30.0m
Hollow (voided) slab 15.0m to 30.0m
*Reference should be made to Department Order No. 30 Series of 2011 Prescribing Concrete
Structures for Short Bridges, issued on May 16, 2011.

Table 6.3.3-1 Span Range for Steel Bridges

FORM OF CONSTRUCTION SPAN RANGE
Steel I-beam 15.0m to 30.0m.
Steel plate girder 20.0 m to 50.0 m
Steel box girder 30.0 m to 100.0m
Bailey bridge 9.0 m to 30.0m
Steel truss 40.0m to 130.0m
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Figure 7.2.2-1 Abutment Types
Abutment and Pier Types
Figure 7.4.1-1 Solid Shaft Pier

Figure 7.4.1-2 Two Column

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Figure 7.4.1-3 Column (T-Bent) Pier
Pier Types

Figure 7.4.1-4 Pile Bent

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Superstructure-to-Substructure
Connection

Simple Span Girders Continuous Girders

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 Superstructure-to-Substructure Connection

ROAD PAVEMENT

PRECAST
BEAM

BURIED APPROACH SLAB

PERMEABLE BACKFILL

DRAIN
PILES WRAPPED IN
PIN CONNECTION COMPRESSIBLE MATERIAL
SINGLE LINE OF CONCRETE
PILES

Integral Abutment Seat-Type Abutment

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Loads
10.2 Load and Load Designation
Permanent Loads Transient Loads
CR = force effects due to creep BL = blast loading
DD = downdrag force BR = vehicular braking force
DC = dead load of structural components and nonstructural CE = vehicular centrifugal force
attachments
CR = creep
DW = dead load of wearing surface and utilities
CT = vehicular collision force
EH = horizontal earth pressure load
CV = vessel collision force
EL = accumulated locked-in effects from construction
EQ = earthquake load
process, including secondary forces from post-
tensioning FR = friction load
ES = earth surcharge load IM = vehicular dynamic load allowance
EV = vertical pressure from dead load of earth fill LL = vehicular live load
PS = secondary forces from post-tensioning LS = live load surcharge
SH = force effects due to shrinkage PL = pedestrian live load
SE = force due to settlement
TG = force effect due to temperature gradient
TU = force effect due to uniform temperature
WA = water load and stream pressure
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WS = wind load on structure
Bridge Modeling Bridge Layout

through
MIDAS Civil Section Data

Loads
P1 P2

Construction Stage

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BRIDGE MODELING
Structure Wizard Feature of MIDAS

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BRIDGE MODELING
Bridge Layout

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BRIDGE MODELING
Bridge Layout

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BRIDGE MODELING
Section Data

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BRIDGE MODELING
Loads

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BRIDGE MODELING

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BRIDGE MODELING
Construction Stage

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BRIDGE MODELING
BRIDGE MODELING

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BRIDGE MODELING

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BRIDGE MODELING

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THANK YOU!