Member End Forces Page 1 of 4

Technical Reference
1.19 Member End Forces
Member end forces and moments in the member result from loads applied to the structure. These
forces are in the local member coordinate system. Figure 1.18 shows the member end actions with
their directions.

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Stress Zones due to bending about Y axis (MY)

Notes: Local X axis goes into the page; Global Y is vertically upwards; Shaded area indicates zone
under compression; Non-shaded area indicates zone under tension.

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Stress Zones due to bending about Z axis (MZ)

Notes: Local X axis goes into the page; Global Y is vertically upwards; Shaded area indicates zone
under compression; Non-shaded area indicates zone under tension.

See section 5.41 for more details.

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