Experiment 01

Objective
To verify the Bernoulli’s Theorem

Apparatus
Bernoulli’s theorem is applied on flow through a clear acrylic Venturi tube. The apparatus is to
be used with HB 100 Hydraulics Bench. The Venturi tube consists a 28 mm inside diameter pipe
and a 14 mm inside diameter throat of 21º inlet angle and a 10o outlet angle. Seven pressure
tapping points along the wall of the tube for connecting to the manometer. The water manometer
consists of 8 tubes (450 mm long) along with a white acrylic back plate for easy viewing, a top
air chamber and a bleed valve to vary the chamber pressure by means of a hand air pump. A total
head probe of stainless steel tube (1.9 mm inside diameter) which can be moved axially along the
Venturi tube. The total head tube is connected to manometer tube No. 7 by a hose pipe.

Fig. 1 Bernoulli's Theorem Apparatus

Experimental Procedure
1. Set up the Bernoulli’s apparatus on the hydraulic bench. Ensure that the base is horizontal
it is necessary for accurate height measurement from manometers.
 2. It is necessary that the rig outflow tube is positioned above the volumetric tank in order to
facilitate timed volume connections.
3. Connect the rig inlet to the bench flow supply, close the bench valve and the apparatus
flow control valve and start the pump. Gradually open the bench valve to fill it with
water.
4. Bleed all the air from the manometers.
5. Reading should be taken at three flow rates. Take first reading at maximum flow rate,
then reduce the volume flow rate to give the head difference at about 50 mm. Finally
repeat whole process for a third flow rate.
6. Take readings of the manometers when the levels have steadied.
7. Using stopwatch calculate the volumetric flow rate.
8. Measure the total head distribution by traversing the total pressure probe along the length
of test section.

Observations and Calculations

Diameters of different pressure points at venture tube are;

D1=28mm D2=21mm D3=14mm D4=16.8mm

D5=19.6mm D6=22.4mm D7=25.2mm D8=28mm

Area of Discharge Velocity Velocity Pressure

Total Head
Tapings Flow ‘A’ ‘Q’ ‘v’ Head Head
(m)
(m2) (m3s-1) (ms-1) (m) (m)

7
 8

Specimen Calculations
Discussion

CLO-2
Measure different parameters (such as natural frequency, damper constant etc.) under free and forced
vibrations

Rubric 02

Marks CLO-2 – Level P3 mapped to PLO2 (Problem Analysis)

9-10 Quite able to conduct the entire experiment with negligible help from the lab
instructor. Analyzes and interprets data correctly and precisely; draws correct
conclusions

7-8 Able to conduct the experiment with some help from the lab instructor. Analyzes
and interprets data correctly; draws correct conclusions

4-6 Able to conduct the experiment with a lot help from the lab instructor. Analyzes
and interprets data with some mistakes; draws incorrect conclusions

0-3 Unable to conduct the experiment on his own; lab instructor provides help in
almost every step. Analyzes and interprets data incorrectly