Growth Parameters”

CONDITION FACTOR:
The Condition factor (k) was calculated as per weatherly and gill (1987) for individual
fish before and after Experiment.
Condition Factor (K) = w (g) / L (cm)2

FEED CONSUMPTION (FC):

The feed conversion is determined by subtracting the dry weight of unfed from the dry
weight of feed given. The feed consumption was calculated as gm dry feed consumption per gm
live fish per 21 days
Feed Conversion (FC) = (Feed given – unfed) / Number of Fishes

FEED CONVERSION EFFICIENCY (FCE):

Feed conversion efficiency is calculated by following formula.
Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) = (W1 – W0) / Df
Where,
W1 – Final Weight (g)
W0 – Initial wet weight (g)
Df – Dry feed intake (g)

FEED CONVSERSION RATIO (FCR):

Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is calculated by dividing the feed consumed by the
difference between the initial and final wet weight of the fish .
Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) = Feed consumption / (W!- W0)

SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE (SGR):

Specific growth rate is calculated by following formula
Specific growth Rate (SGR) (%) = ((W1- W0) /Total No of Days) x 100

ASSIMILATION:
Assimilation (A) is calculated by subtracting the feacal matter from feed consumption
Assimilation (A) = FC – Feacal matter
METABOLISM:
Metabolism (M) is calculated by subtracting the growth rate from assimilation
Metabolism (M) = A – G

GROSS GROWTH EFFICIENCY (GGE):

Gross growth efficiency is calculated as the percentage of feed converted body tissues in
relation to feed consumed. This is calculated as follows
Gross Growth Efficiency (GGE) (%) = (growth / Feed consumed) x 100

BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
TOTAL PROTEIN:
Total protein content was determined spectrophotometrically at 660nm based on lower’s
method (lowery et al. 1951) Reagent A ( 2% Sodium carbonate in 0.1 NaOH), Reagent B ( 1 %
copper Sulphate) and Reagent C ( 2% Sodium Potassium tartrate) were prepared. These Solution
(gill, muscle and liver ) was extracted by homogenizing with 5ml of Tris buffer ( 6.05 gm in
30m ml distilled water ) and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. The supernatant was taken
for protein estimation 0.1 ml of sample, 0.9 ml of distilled water, 5ml of Reagent D and 0.5ml of
folinciocalcaus reagent are pipette into each test tube. Incubated it for 30 minutes under a dark
condition at a room temperature. After incubation turns from green to blue. Optical density of
(OD) Samples.

TOTAL CARBOHYDRATE:
Total carbohydrate was determined base on anthrone method (Carrol et al. 1956), 100 mg
of sample homogenous with 30 % of KoH and centrifuged 5ml of 2.5N HCL solution was kept
in the water bath for 3 hours. All samples were neutralized with sodium Carbonate. Pipette out in
to a series of test tubes, increasing volume s of sample solution of control to high concentration
of Zinc oxide nanoparticles exposed from 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 ml with 2.5N HCL and 5 ml of
anthrone reagent was added to each tube. Aluminum foil was covered on the test tubes and cool
to temperature. Read the absorbance at 630 nm and calculated by using standard graph.

TOTAL LIPID:
Total Lipid was estimated by the method of Barnes and Blackstock (1973), 0.4 gm of wet
tissue was homogenized in a homoogenizer and added 10 ml of chloroform-methanol mixture
and mixed well. The homogenate was filtered through a whatmann No.1 filter paper ( wetted
with solvent ) and purified by shaking with 0.2 volumes of 0.9 % aqueous NaCl. It was then
transferred to a small separating funnel and after shaking, the mixture was allowed to dy in
room temperature. The tube and cintent were the weighted and the lipid content was expressed as
percentage by the following formula
LIPID(%) = Weight of lipid(mg) + weight of sample (mg) x 100