Grade 5 Teaching Plan

Angles
1. Investigates the sum of angles in a straight line and around a point

Investigates the sum of angles in a straight line and around a point (1 period)

The sum of angle which form a straight line

We have learned how to measure angle by using a protractor. Angle is a

measure for rotation. Below are some angles from two rays which intersect in
point O.

By using protractor we can measure BOA = 20, as shown below.

We can make the angle between OB and OA bigger if we rotate OB, for
example to OC as follow,

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 The size of COA = 70, as shown below.

Continuing the process, we have DOA which is bigger than COA

The size of angle DOA = 150, as shown below.

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 Lastly, we have EOA which form a straight line as shown below.

The size of EOA = 180, as shown below.

So, the size of angle on a point in a straight line is 180.

We can use this fact to solve problem involving angle is a straight line like the
one below.

Example:
What is the size of AOC in the picture below if BOC = 50?

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 Observe that since BOA forms a straight line, we know that BOA is 180.

And since BOC = 50, then AOC = 180 - 50 = 130.

Discussion: The sum of angle which form a straight line

Complete the angles on the picture below.

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 The sum of angle around a point

Next, study the diagram below,

Discussion:
The angles around point O is a, b, c and d. What is the sum of a + b + c + d?

Suppose that we extent the line AO until M as in the diagram below. Note
that
a + b + c + d = AOM + MOA.

Because AOM form a straight line, AOM equals 180, and MOA is also
180, therefore
a + b + c + d = AOM + MOA
= 180 + 180
= 360
We can conclude that the sum of angles around a point is 360.

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 We can use this fact to solve problem involving angle around a point. Study
the problem below.

Find the value of d in the diagram below.

Observe that Since the sum of angles around O are 360, we have
50 + 110 + 90 + d = 360
250 + d = 360
Therefore,
d = 360 - 250
= 110

Discussion: The sum of angle around a point

Complete the angles on the picture below.

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2. Describes complementary and supplementary angles

Describes complementary and supplementary angles (1 period)

Complementary Angles

Two angles are complementary when they add up to 90. For example, the
angles 30 and 60 are complementary angles because 30 + 60 = 90.

Discussion: Which pairs of angles below are complementary angles?

Do C and  E complementary angles? Explain.

When two complementary angles are put adjacently (side by side), they will
form a right angle, as shown below.

When a right angle is cut into two parts, the two angles formed are
complementary angles. For example, AOB below is a right angle. The line
segment OC divides AOB into two parts, i.e. AOC and COB.

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 AOC and COB in the picture are complementary angles.

[Note: Complementary angles always come in pairs. This means that for an
angle that less than 90 there could only be only one complementary angle]

Discussion: Finding complementary angle

Find the value of x, y, and z in the diagram below.

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 Supplementary Angles

Two angles are supplementary when they add up to 180. For example, the
angles 130 and 50 are supplementary angles because 130 + 50 = 180.

Discussion: Which pairs of angles below are supplementary angles?

Do G and  J supplementary angles? Explain.

When two supplementary angles are put adjacently (side by side), they will
form a straight angle, as shown below.

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 When a straight angle is cut into two parts, the two angles formed are
supplementary angles. For example, AOB below is a straight angle. The line
segment OC divides AOB into two parts, i.e. AOC and BOC.

Therefore, AOC and BOC in the picture are complementary angles.

[Note: Supplementary angles always come in pairs. This means that for an
angle that less than 180 there could only be one supplementary angle]

Discussion: Finding supplementary angle

Find the value of x, y, and z in the diagram below.

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 Note: Little trick to differentiate complementary and supplementary angles
Someone has found a very nice trick so we can differentiate which one are
complementary angles and which one are supplementary angles.
Think:

 "C" of Complementary stands for "Corner" (a Right Angle)

 "S" of Supplementary stands for "Straight" (180 is a straight line)

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3. Investigates vertically opposite angles

Investigates vertically opposite angles (1 period)

When two lines intersect, it will create four angles, as demonstrated below.

Note that a and c opposite each other. We call that a and c are
vertically opposite angles, or simply vertical angles. Another vertically
opposite angles are b and d

The relationship between vertical angles

Study the diagram

Observe that on line l, b is supplementary angle for a. Meanwhile on line

m, d is supplementary angle for a. So, both b and d are
supplementary angles for a. Because there can only be one
supplementary angle for an angle, this means that b and d are equal.

b = d

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 With the same idea, we can observe that a is supplementary angle for b
on line l, and c are supplementary angles for b on line m. This means that
a and c are both supplementary angles for b. Because there can only
be one supplementary angle for an angle, this means that a and c are
equal.
a = c

We conclude that vertical angles have the same measure.

Let’s use this fact to solve problem related to vertival angle. Study the
problem below.

Suppose that in the diagram below COB = 55.

What is the measure of AOD and BOA?

Since AOD and COB is vertically opposite angle, then they have equal
measure. Therefore AOD = 55.

BOA and COB is supplementary angles. So, BOA = 180  55 = 125.

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4. Investigates the sum of interior angles of triangles
Investigates the sum of interior angles of triangles (1 period)
Inside a triangle there are 3 angles which are called interior angles of
triangles.

One activity to find the sum of interior angles of a triangle is by cutting the
angles and rearranging it so the angles will be side by side, as shown below.

When we put the angles side by side, the angles form a straight angle. We
know that the measure of a straight angle is 180. So, the sum of interior
angles in a triangle is 180.

a + b + c = 180

This important fact can be used to solve some problems about triangles.

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 The measure of each angle in equilateral triangle
Equilateral triangle has three sides of the same length and three angles of
the same measure.

What is the measure of each angle in equilateral triangle?

Since the sum of interior angles of triangle is 180, and all the three angles in
equilateral triangle have the same measure, then the measure of each
angle in equilateral triangle must be 180  3 or 60.

The measure of angles in isosceles triangle

In grade 4 we have learned that isosceles triangle not only has a pair sides
with the same length but also have of angles which have the same size. The
two angles which have the same size are called base angles.

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 In an isosceles triangle, the two equal sides are called legs, and the
remaining side is called the base. The two equal angles are called the base
angles.

Study the isosceles triangle below.

What is the measure of A and B in the isosceles triangle above?

Since C = 30 and the sum of interior angles is180, then A + B must be
180 – 30 = 150.

Observe that A and B are the base angles of the isosceles triangle, so
both have the same measure. Therefore each angle must be 150  2 = 75.

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 The measure of angles in any triangle
Study the triangle below,

Find the measure of R on the triangle above.

Since the sum of interior angles is180 and P + Q = 40 + 35 = 75, then R
must be 180  75 = 105.

Discussion: Find unknown angles in a triangle

 Study the isosceles triangle below.

Q = ____________ P = ____________

 In a triangle ABC, A = 45 and B = 68. What is the size of C?

 Study the triangle below.

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 o What is the name for triangle above?
o What are the measure of angle A, B, and C on the triangle
above?

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5. Investigates the sum of interior angles of quadrilaterals
Investigates the sum of interior angles of quadrilaterals (1 period)
We know that the sum of interior angles of triangles is 180. What is the sum of
interior angles of a quadrilateral?

To find the sum of interior angles of quadrilaterals, study diagram below.

The quadrilateral is divided into two parts so each part is a triangle. Note
that:
a + b1 + d1 = 180

Next, on the second part,

c + b2 + d2 = 180

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 If we combine altogether,

(a + b1 + d1) + (c + b2 + d2) = 180 + 180 = 360

But b1 + b2 = b and d1 + d2 = d, therefore the sum of interior angles
of quadrilateral equals to 360.

The sum of interior angles of quadrilaterals is 360.

Let’s use this fact to solve problem related angle in a quadrilateral. Study the
problem below.

What is the measure of D on the quadrilateral above?

The sum of A + B + C = 60 + 80 + 125 = 265. Since the sum of interior
angles of a quadrilateral is 360, then D = 360  265 = 95.

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 Discussion:
 Find the measure of angle C on the picture below.

 On the kite PQRS below, the measure of P equals to R.

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6. Investigate the sum of interior angles of regular polygons.

Investigate the sum of interior angles of regular polygons (1 period)

We have learned that the sum of interior angles of any triangle is 180.

We also have learned that the sum of interior angles of any quadrilateral is
360. This is achieved by splitting the quadrilateral into two triangles, as
shown in the picture below.

Let’s use the same idea to find the sum of interior angles for other polygons.
Below are the picture of pentagon and hexagon.

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 To find the sum of interior angles of the pentagons, we can divide the
polygons into some none overlapped triangles, as shown below.

Note that pentagon can be divided into 3 non overlapped triangles and
hexagon into 4 non overlapped triangles. So, the sum of interior angles in a
pentagon is 3180 = 540 and in a hexagon is 4  180 = 720.

If we summarize, the sum of interior angles in some pentagons is as follow,

Number Non Overlapping Sum of Interior
Polygon Name
of side Triangles Angles
Triangle 3 1 1  180 = 180
Quadrilateral 4 2 2  180 = 360
Pentagon 5 3 3  180 = 540
Hexagon 6 4 4  180 = 720

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 Can you see a pattern between the number of side of a polygon with the
number of Non-Overlapping Triangles that can be made of the polygon?

Number Non Overlapping

of side Triangles
3 1
4 2
5 3
6 4

The number of non-overlapping triangles of a polygon is always 2 less than

the number of its sides. We can generalize the result for any side of polygons,
as shown in the table below.

Number Non Overlapping Sum of Interior

Polygon Name
of side Triangles Angles

Triangle 3 1 1  180 = 180

Quadrilateral 4 2 2  180 = 360

Pentagon 5 3 3  180 = 540

Hexagon 6 4 4  180 = 720

Heptagon 7 5 5  180

Octagon 8 6 6  180

Nonagon 9 7 7  180

Decagon 10 8 8  180

n-gon n n–2 (n – 2)  180

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 The Measure of Interior Angle of Regular Polygon

Regular polygon is a polygon which all the sides have the same length and
all angles have the same measure.
 What is a regular triangle? A regular triangle is equilateral triangle
because only equilateral triangle has all sides the same length and all
angles have the same measure. The measure of its interior angles is
180  3 = 60

 What is a regular quadrilateral? There are two kinds of quadrilateral

which all of its sides have the same length; the square and rhombus.
But, only square that all of its angle have the same measure. So, a
regular quadrilateral is square.

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 Discussion: Interior angles of regular polygon
Find the measure of interior angles of a regular pentagon.

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7. Solves problem related to angles

Solves problem related to angles (1 period)

Solve the problems below correctly.

1. Which best describe BAC and BCA in the right triangle below?

a. BAC and BCA are supplementary angles

b. BAC and BCA are complementary angles
c. BAC and BCA are Vertically opposite angles

2. Which best describe BAD and DAC in the right triangle below?

a. BAD and DAC are supplementary angles

b. BAD and DAC are complementary angles
c. BAD and DAC are Vertically opposite angles

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 3. Which best describe APD and BPD in the right triangle below?

a. APD and BPD are supplementary angles

b. APD and BPD are complementary angles
c. APD and BPD are vertically opposite angles

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