FOCUS ON GRAMMAR

PRESENT TO BE
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES NEGATIVE SENTENCES YES/NO QUESTIONS

I am here Yo estoy aquí I am not here Yo no estoy aquí Am I here? Estoy yo aquí?
I am Lucy Yo soy Lucy

He is here Él está aquí He isn’t here Él no está aquí Is he here? Está él aquí?

She is here Ella está aquí She isn’t here Ella no está aquí Is she here? Está ella aquí?

It is here Está aquí It isn’t here No está aquí Is it here? Está aquí?

We are here Nosotros estamos We aren’t here Nosotros no Are we here? Estamos nosotros
aquí estamos aquí aquí?

You are here Ud(s) esta(n) aquí You aren’t here Ud(s) no está(n) Are you here? Esta(n) usted(es)
aquí aquí?
They are here Ellos(as) están
aquí They aren’t here Ellos(as) no están Are they here? Están ellos(as)
aqui aquí?
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS /PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
For actions happening at the moment of speaking.

Key words: Right now, now, at the moment, today. Look, listen…. SITTING / STAND

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES NEGATIVE SENTENCES YES/NO QUESTIONS

I am driving Yo estoy I am not driving Yo no estoy Am I driving? Estoy yo conduciendo

conduciendo conduciendo ?

He isn’t driving Él no está

He is driving Èl está Is he driving? Esta él conduciendo
conduciendo
conduciendo ?

She is driving Ella está She isn’t driving Ella no está Is she driving? Esta ella conduciendo
conduciendo conduciendo ?

Is it driving? Está conduciendo

It is driving Está conduciendo It isn’t driving No está
?
conduciendo
We are driving Nosotros estamos We aren’t driving Nosotros no
Are we driving? Estamos nosotros
conduciendo estamos
conduciendo?
conduciendo
You are driving Ud(s) esta(n) Are you driving? Esta(n) usted(es)
You aren’t driving Ud(s) no está(n)
conduciendo conduciendo?
conduciendo
Are they driving? Están ellos(as)
They are driving Ellos(as) están
They aren’t driving Ellos(as) no están conduciendo?
conduciendo
conduciendo
 PRESENT SIMPLE:
Routines, habits, daily activities.

Key words: Adverbs of frequency (sometimes, always, usually, often, rarely, never) and expressions of frequency (
every day, every month, once a week, twice a month, 3 times a week, 5 times a year, etc.)

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES NEGATIVE SENTENCES YES/NO QUESTIONS

He drives Él conduce He doesn’t drive Él no conduce Does he drive? Él conduce?

She drives Ella conduce She doesn’t drive Ella no conduce Does she drive? Ella conduce?

It drives Conduce It doesn’t drive No conduce Does it drive ? Conduce ?

I drive Yo conduzco I don’t drive Yo no conduzco

Do I drive? Conduzco Yo?
We drive Nosotros We don’t drive Nosotros no
Do we drive? Conducimos
conducimos conducen
nosotros?
You drive Ud(s) conducen You don’t drive Ud(s) no conduce
Do you drive? Conduce usted(es)
They drive Ellos(as) conducen ?

They don’t drive Ellos(as) no Do they drive ? Conducen ellos(as)

conducen ?