P510/1

PHYSICS

Paper 1

July/Aug. 2019

1
2 hours
2

UGANDA ADVANCED CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION

RESOURCE MOCK X

PHYSICS

Paper 1

2 hours 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

Answer five questions, including at least one but not more than two from each of the sections
A, B, and C. Any additional question(s) attempted will not be marked.

Non- programmable scientific calculators may be used.

Assume where necessary:

Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81m s−2

Electronic charge, e = 1.6 x 10−19 C

Electron mass = 9.11 x 10−31kg

Mass of the earth = 5.97 x 1024 kg

Planck’s constant = 6.6 x 10−34 Js

Stefan’s – Boltzmann’s constant, σ = 5.67 x 10−8 Wm2 K −4

Radius of the earth = 6.4 x 106 m

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 Speed of light in a vacuum, C = 3.0 x 108m s−1

Thermal conductivity of iron = 80 Wm−1 K−1

Universal gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10−11 Nm 2 kg−2

Avogadro’s number, NA = 6.02 x 1023mol-1

Density of water = 1000kgm−3

Density of mercury = 13600kgm−3

Gas constant = 8.31J mol -1K-1

SECTION A
1. ( a ) (i) State Bernoulli’s principle. (1 mark )

(ii) Explain why it is dangerous to stand close to a railway line on which a fast moving

train is passing. (3 marks )

(b) (i) Determine the dimensions of coefficient of viscosity. (1 mark )

( ii )Water of negligible viscosity flows through a horizontal pipe of varying

cross-sectional area. At a point A of cross-sectional area 10cm 2, the velocity is

0.2m s−1 . What is the pressure difference between A and B if the cross-sectional

area of point B is 2.5m s−1 ? (5 Marks)

(c) (i) Define coefficient of surface tension. (1 mark)

(ii) Explain the origin of surface tension. ( 3 marks)

(ii) Describe an experiment to measure the surface tension of a liquid by

Jaeger’s method. (5Marks)

2. (a) (i) State Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. (3 marks)

(ii) Distinguish between the gravitational constant, G and the acceleration due to

gravity, g. (2 marks)

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 (b) (i) The moon moves in a circular orbit of radius, R about the earth of mass, M e with

period. If r e is the radius of the earth, and g, is the acceleration due to gravity on the

T 2 g r 2e
earth’s surface. Show that R3 = (3 Marks)
4 π2

(ii) The period of the moon round the earth is 670 hours. If the distance of the moon from

The earth is 3.8x108m, Calculate the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the

earth. (3 Marks)

(c) (i) Describe an experiment to determine the acceleration due gravity ,g using a spiral

Spring of known force constant. (5 Marks)

(ii) Explain why a mass attached to the lower end of a clamped spiral spring comes to a

Stop after a short time when given a small displacement and then released.(2Marks)

(d) A body moving in a circular path of radius 0.5 m makes 40 revolutions per second. Find

The centripetal force if the mass of of the body is 1kg. (2 Marks)

3. (a) What is meant by the following terms?

(i) Elasticity. (1Mark)

(ii) Young’s modulus. (1Mark)

(iii) Plasticity. (1Marks)

(b) Derive an expression for the potential energy stored per unit volume in a stretched wire

in terms of stress and strain. (3Marks)

(c) A mass of 20g falls from a height of 2.0m to the top of a spring of force constant

100Nm-1. Calculate the resulting compression in the string if;

(i) The mass sticks on top of the spring. (3Marks)

(ii) The mass bounces off the spring with a speed of 2.0ms-1. (3Marks)

(d) A uniform rod AB weighing 100kg and 0.75m long is hinged to a vertical wall at end A and

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 held horizontally by a stretched thin wire of diameter 0.8mm fixed at end B and C on the

vertical wall, 1.0m above A. If the wire was initially 1.23m long, find:

(i) The tension in the wire. (4Marks)

(ii) Young’s modulus for the wire. (4Marks)

4. (a) (i) What is simple harmonic motion? (1Mark)

(ii) Show that energy in simple harmonic motion is conserved. (4Marks)

(iii) Sketch a graph to show the variation of energy with displacement for a body

performing simple harmonic motion. (2Marks)

(b The figure 1 below shows a block of mass 0.1kg resting on a smooth horizontal surface

and attached to two springs A and B of spring constants 60Nm-1 and 100Nm-1

respectively. The block is pulled through a distance 4.0cm to the right and released.

A B
MM

Figure 1
(i) Find the frequency of oscillation. (3Marks)

(ii) Find the new amplitude of oscillation when a mass of 60.og is dropped vertically

on the block as the block passes the equilibrium position. Assume the mass sticks

to the block. (4Marks)

(c ) A piston in a car engine performs simple harmonic motion of frequency 12.5Hz. If the

Mass of the piston is 0.50kg and its amplitude of vibration is 45mm, find the maximum

force on the piston. (3Marks)

(d) Explain why the maximum speed of the car on a banked road is higher than that an

unbanked road. (3Marks)

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 SECTION B
5. (a) (i) What is a black body? (1Mark)

(ii) Explain with the aid of a diagram, how a black body can be approximated.(3Marks)

(iii) With the aid of sketch graphs explain the salient features of the spectral distribution

of black body radiation. (4Marks)

(b) Give four properties of ultraviolet radiation. (2Marks)

(c ) Describe an experiment to compare the energy radiated by two surfaces of different

nature. (4Marks)

(d) (i) State Stefan’s law of black body radiation. (1Mark)

(ii) The earth receives energy from the sun at the rate of 1.4x10 3Wm-2. If the ratio of the

earth’s orbit to the sun’s radius is 216, calculate the surface temperature of the sun.

(5Marks)

6. (a) (i) State Charles’ law. (1Mark)

(ii) Describe an experiment to verify Charles’ law. (4Marks)

(b) (i) State Dalton’s law of partial pressures. (1Mark)

(ii) Two identical bulbs containing a gas at a pressure, P1 and temperature, T 1

are connected by a capillary tube. When one of the bulbs is immersed in a bath at

a temperature, T 2, the pressure becomes, P2.. Show that the temperature of the

P2 T
bath is given by T 2=
1
. (4Marks)
2 P1− P 2

(c) Define the specific heat capacity. (1Marks)

(d) In a continuous flow experiment on a liquid of specific heat capacity 4150JkgK -1 the

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 following results were obtained:

Ammeter reading(A) Voltmeter reading(V) Mass of liquid collected

per minute(g)
2.00 25.2 75.0
2.52 30.0 115.9

If the inflow temperature was 15o C find

(i) The outflow temperature. (3Marks)

(ii) The rate of heat loss. (2Marks)

7. (a) (i) Define Specific heat capacity of a gas at constant volume and state its units.(2Marks)

(ii) Derive the relationship Cp – CV = R, where R is the universal molar gas constant. (3Marks)

(iii) Explain why CP is greater than CV . (2Marks)

(b) Using the kinetic theory of matter explain why change in volume of a saturated vapour at

constant temperature does not affect its pressure. (3Marks)

(c) One Kilo mole of an ideal gas is carried through the reversible cycle in the p-V diagram

below. p
1 2

In state (1) the gas has a pressure 1.0x105Nm-2 and a temperature of 0oC. The volume of the gas
in state (2) is four times that in state (1). Process (3) to (1) is a reversible isothermal
compression. Determine;

(i) The temperature of the gas in state (2). (2Marks)

(ii) The pressure of the gas in state (3). (2Marks)

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(iii)The work done by the gas in the cycle. (5Marks)

SECTION C:
8. (a) (i) Distinguish between X-rays and cathode rays. (2Marks)

(ii) In an X-ray tube explain the features adopted for the structure and material of the

anode. (3Marks)

(b) (i) State Bragg’s law. (1Mark)

(ii) What is the condition for obtaining many orders of X-ray diffraction? (1Mark)

(iii) A monochromatic beam of X-rays of wave length 1.10X10 -10mis incident on a set of

Cubic atomic planes in a potassium chloride crystal. First order diffraction maxima are

obverved at a glancing angle of 19o. Determine the density of potassium chloride if its

relative molecular mass is 75.5. (4Marks)

(c) (i) In photo electricity, what is meant by the work function? (1Marks)

(ii) Describe how you would determine Planck’s constant in a school. (4Marks)

(iii) When monochromatic light of frequency 6.0X1015Hz falls on a metal surface, the

stopping potential is 0.6V while when the same surface is irradiated by light of

frequency 1.0X1015Hz the stopping potential becomes 2.2V. Determine the work

function of the metal. (4Marks)

9. (a) State Bohr’s postulates of the hydrogen atom. (2Marks)

(b) Define the terms ionization energy and excitation energy. (2Marks)

( c) The energy levels of a mercury atom are; -10.4eV, -5.4eV, -3.7eV and -1.6eV.

(i) Find the ionization energy of mercury in joules. (2Marks)

(ii) What is likely to happen if a mercury atom in unexcited state is bombarded with an

Electron of energies of 4.0eV and 11.0eV? (4Marks)

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 (d) (i) Explain the successes and failures of Rutherford’s model of an atom. (3Marks)

(ii) Show thaw he an alpha particle collides head on with an atom of atomic number Z,

Z e2
The closest distance of approach to the nucleus, x is given by; x = , where e is
π ε oM v
2

the electronic charge, M is the mass of an electron and v, the velocity of the alpha-

particle. (3Marks)

(e) Explain the emission spectrum of hydrogen. (4Marks)

10 (a)(i) Distinguish between radioactivity and nuclear fission. (2Marks)

(ii) Define binding energy of a nucleus. (1Marks)

(b) (i) What is half life of a radioactive substance? (1Marks)

(ii) Derive an expression relating half life and the decay constant of a radioactive

substance. (3Marks)

(C) A nucleus of uranium-238 disintegrates with emission of a nucleus X and an alpha particle.

(i) Write down the equation for the reaction. (1Marks)

(ii) Find the energy released in the reaction. (5Marks)

Mass of 238U =¿ 230.12492u ¿

Mass of X = 234.11650u

Mass of 4 He= 4.00387u

1u = 1.66x10-27kg = 1.494x10-12J.

(d) A beam of electrons is accelerated through a potential difference of 1800V and is directed

Mid-way between two horizontal plates of length 4.0cm and of separation 4.ocm. the

Potential difference across the plates is 90V.

(i) Calculate the speed of the electrons as they enter the region between the plates. (3mks)

(ii)Describe the motion of the electrons between the plates. (1Marks)

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 (iii) Find the angle at which the electron emerges out of the field across the plates. (3marks).

END

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