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Malignant lymphoma in a holstein friesian cow - A case report

Article · March 2016

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80
Indian Vet. J., March 2016, 93 (03) : 80 - 81

Malignant Lymphoma in a Holstein Friesian Cow – A Case Report

R.Madheswaran1, K.Jayakumar, M.Ruthra, S.Sivaseelan, G.A.Balasubramaniam and S.Dharmaceelan
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal - 637002. Tamil Nadu, India.

(Received : 15-04-2015; Accepted : 16-05-2015)

Abstract samples revealed mainly lymphocytes and few

A Holstein Friesian cow brought to the clinic
with a history of enlarged prescapular and
submandibular lymph nodes for treatment.
Hematology prole and examination of lymph
node biopsy samples revealed the features of
lymphoma.
Key words: Holstein Friesian cow, lymphoma,
histopathology
Lymphoma is the most common neoplasm
in dairy cattle and the second most prevalent
in all cattle, the rst being squamous cell
carcinoma (Vernauv et al. 1992; Meuten, 2002).
Classication of lymphoma in bovine is based on
anatomic location, regional lymph node involve-
ment and size of the tumour mass with local
tissue invasion (Vernauv et al. loc. cit.; Meuten,
loc. cit.). This report describes the histological
features of malignant lymphoma in a Holstein
Friesian cow.
Case History and Observations
A Holstein Friesian cow was brought to the
Hospital campus, Veterinary College and
Research Institute, Namakkal with a history
of enlarged lymph nodes for treatment. Clinical
examination of the animal showed enlargement
of prescapular (64x38 cm) and submandibular
(44x35 cm) lymph nodes (Fig. 1). The enlarge-
ment of lymph nodes developed over a period of
3 months. Complete blood cell counts showed
normal except leucocytosis (32x103/ cmm) and
severe lymphocytosis (28.8x103/ cmm). Biopsy
samples collected from these lymph nodes were
processed, sectioned and stained with hematox-
ylin and eosin (H&E).
Microscopical examination of
1
Corresponding author : Email : rmadheswaran2003@gmail.com
lymphoblasts (Fig. 2). Lymphocytic neoplastic
cells were pleomorphic and mostly spherical to
oval in shape. Lymphoblastic neoplastic cells
contained large, round and vesiculated nuclei.
Neoplastic cells had abundant cytoplasm with
indistinct cell boundaries. Nuclei were hyper-
chromatic with nely granular nuclear chroma-
tin and had prominent central nucleoli. Numer-
ous mitotic gures were noticed. Neoplastic cell
inltrations in the surrounding muscular layers
were also noticed.
Treatment and Discussion
A spontaneous case of malignant lymphoma in
a Holstein Friesian cow was observed. Bovine
malignant lymphomas were classied based on
the presence of either lymphoid or reticulum or
both cell types (Meuten, loc. cit.; Nasir, 2005).
The lymphoid type consists of either lympho-
cytic or lymphoblastic cells and reticulum type
consists of both lymphoid and reticular cells.
In the present case, neoplastic cells prolifera-
biopsy
Fig 1. Abnormally enlarged prescapular and submanibular
lymph nodes in the Holstein Friesian cow.

The Indian Veterinary Journal (March, 2016)

 R.Madheswaran et al. 81

et al. 1987). In contrast to previous reports

Fig 2. Histologically the biopsy samples showing neoplastic
lymphocytes and few lymphoblasts. H&E x400.
tion comprised of mainly lymphocytes and few
lymphoblasts were corroborated with lymphoid
tumor type. Neoplastic cells inltrations in the
adjacent lymph nodes and surrounding muscu-
lar layers indicating that this is a malignant
tumor (Meuten, loc. cit.; Nasir, loc. cit.).
Increased white blood cell counts due to
increased number of lymphocytes observed in
this case agreed with earlier reports (Zwahlen,
neutrophilia was not seen in this case. Blood
smear examination ruled out the blood protozo-
an diseases, which was also the reported cause
for the lymph node enlargement (Zwahlen, et al.
loc. cit.; Meuten, loc.cit.). Therefore, an attempt
has been made to elucidate the morphological
features of malignant lymphoma in a cow.
Summary
To substantiate the histological classication
of malignant lymphoma in a Holstein Friesian
cow, the case is reported.
References
Meuten, D.J. (2002) Tumors of the hemolymphatic system. In:
Tumors in Domestic Animals, 4th eds. Iowa State Univ. Press,
USA, pp. 119-136.
Nasir, K.S. (2005) Sporadic juvenile thymic lymphoma in a
6-month-old Holstein heifer. Can. Vet. J., 46(9):831-33.
Vernauv, W., Valli, V.E.O, Dukes, T.W, Jacobs, R.M, Shoukri,
M. and Heeney. J.L. (1992) Classication of 1,198 cases of
bovine lymphoma using the National cancer institute work-
ing formulation for Human Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Vet.
Pathol., 29:183-195.
Zwahlen, R.D., Tontis, A. and Schneider. A. (1987) Cutaneous
lymphosarcoma of Helper/Inducer T-cell origin in a calf. Vet.
Pathol., 24:504-508.

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