1-The resources which are found everywhere are known as

a. Ubiquitous
b. Non-renewable resources
c. Human made resources
d. None of the above
(Ans: a)
 

2-The following is (are) the non-renewable resources

a. Coal
b. Petroleum
c. Natural gas
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

3-Balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future is called
a. sustainable development
b. resource conservation
c. resource development
d. human resource development
(Ans: a)
 

4-The resources can be conserved by

a. reducing consumption
b. recycling
c. reusing
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

5-Land covers only about ____ percent of the total area of the earth’s surface
a. 20
b. 25
c. 30
d. 35
(Ans: c)
 

6-The total percent of land of world under forest is

a. 26
b. 31
c. 36
d. 41
(Ans: b)
  

7-The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called
a. soil
b. sand
c. mineral
d. organic matter
(Ans: a)
 

8-The following is (are) not a factor(s) of soil formation

a. Organic matter
b. Time
c. Soil texture
d. All of the above
(Ans: c)
 

9-The major factor(s) of soil formation is (are)

a. the nature of the parent rock
b. climatic factors
c. time taken for the composition of soil formation
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

10-The following factor(s) is (are) responsible for degradation of soil

a. Chemical fertilizers
b. Landslides
c. Floods
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

11-The process in which bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic
matter like straw, is called
a. Mulching
b. Contour carriers
c. Shelter belts
d. Intercropping
(Ans: a)
 

12-The process in which different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at
different times to protect the soil from rain wash, is known as
a. Crop rotation
b. Intercropping
c. Terrace farming
d. Contour cropping
(Ans: b)
13-Fresh water accounts for only ____ percent.
a. 1.7
b. 2.7
c. 3.7
d. 4.7
(Ans: b)
 

14-Deciduous forests shed their leaves in a particular season to conserve loss of moisture
through
a. transpiration
b. evaporation
c. both ‘a’ and ‘b’
d. None of the above
(Ans: a)
 

15-A natural area designated to protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems
for present and future generations, is called
a. Biosphere reserve
b. National park
c. Bird sanctuaries
d. Wildlife sanctuaries
(Ans: b)
 

16-Series of protected areas linked through a global network, intended to demonstrate the
relationship between conservation and development, is called
a. Biosphere reserve
b. National park
c. Bird sanctuaries
d. Wildlife sanctuaries
(Ans: a)
 

17-A naturally occurring substance that has a definite chemical composition is a

a. mineral
b. compound
c. metal
d. rock
(Ans: a)
 
 18-The following is (are) non-metallic mineral(s)
a. Limestone
b. Mica
c. Gypsum
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

19-Minerals can be extracted by

a. Mining
b. Drilling
c. Quarrying
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

20-Minerals that lie at shallow depths are taken out by removing the surface layer; this is
known as
a. open-cast mining
b. Shaft mining
c. Drilling
d. All of the above
(Ans: a)
 

21-Non-metallic minerals are found in

a. Igneous rocks
b. Metamorphic rocks
c. Sedimentary rocks
d. All of the above
(Ans: c)
 

22-China also leads in production of

a. lead
b. antimony
c. tungsten
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

23-The following is the world’s leading tin producer

a. China
b. Malaysia
c. Indonesia
d. India
 (Ans: a)
 

24-The following is the world’s leading iron-ore producer

a. China
b. Russia
c. France
d. India
(Ans: a)
25-Which country has no known mineral deposits?
a. Hungry
b. Austria
c. Netherlands
d. Switzerland
(Ans: d)
 

26-______ is leading producer of copper.

a. Chile
b. Peru
c. Argentina
d. Brazil
(Ans: a)
 

27-The largest producer of bauxite in the world is

a. China
b. USA
c. Russia
d. Australia
(Ans: d)
 

28-The largest producer of mica in the world is

a. Australia
b. India
c. China
d. Canada
(Ans: b)
 

29-Kolar in ________ has deposits of gold in India.

a. Tamil Nadu
b. Kerala
c. Andhra Pradesh
d. Karnataka
 (Ans: d)
 

30-Silicon, used in the computer industry is obtained from

a. quartz
b. bauxite
c. cuprite
d. Magnetite
(Ans: a)
 

31-‘Bauxite’ is an ore of
a. Iron
b. Copper
c. Aluminium
d. Mica
(Ans: c)
 

32-Which of the following is referred to as ‘Buried sunshine’?

a. Petroleum
b. Gold
c. Diamond
d. Coal
(Ans: d)
 

33-Which of the following country is largest producer of coal?

a. India
b. USA
c. China
d. Australia
(Ans: c)
 

34-The following is called ‘Black gold’.

a. Petroleum
b. Coal
c. Bauxite
d. None of the above
(Ans: a)
 

35-Petroleum means
a. Land oil
b. Black oil
c. Shell oil
d. Rock oil
(Ans: d)
 

36-The first country in the world to develop hydroelectricity is

a. China
b. Norway
c. England
d. USA
(Ans: b)
37- _____ has the world’s largest geothermal power plants
a. Australia
b. China
c. USA
d. Canada
(Ans: c)
 

38-The first tidal energy station was built in

a. France
b. Spain
c. Portugal
d. Denmark
(Ans: a)
 

39-Bio-gas is primarily a mixture of

a. Methane and carbon dioxide
b. Methane and Oxygen
c. Propane and carbon dioxide
d. Propane and oxygen
(Ans: a)
 

40-‘Viticulture’ is
a. Growing vegetables
b. Breeding of fish
c. Rearing of silk worms
d. Cultivation of grapes
(Ans: d)
 

41-Shifting cultivation is a type of

a. Commercial farming
b. Primitive subsistence agriculture
c. Intensive subsistence agriculture
d. None of the above
(Ans: b)
 

42-The largest producer of rice in the world is

a. China
b. India
c. Japan
d. Indonesia
(Ans: a)
 

43-The largest producer of maize in the world is

a. China
b. India
c. Brazil
d. USA
(Ans: c)
 

44-The largest producer of cotton in the world is

a. China
b. India
c. Brazil
d. USA
(Ans: a)
 

45-Cotton requires
a. high temperature, light rainfall
b. low temperature, light rainfall
c. high temperature, high rainfall
d. low temperature, high rainfall
(Ans: a)
 

46-The following is also known as ‘Golden fibre’.

a. Cotton
b. Jute
c. Wool
d. Silk
(Ans: b)
 

47-Jute requires
a. Alluvial soil
b. High temperature
c. Heavy rainfall
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

48-The leading producer of jute is

a. India
b. Myanmar
c. Bangladesh
d. Pakistan
(Ans: a)
49- The suitable condition for production of coffee is (are)
a. Warm and wet climate
b. well drained loamy soil
c. Hill slopes
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

50-The leading producer of coffee is

a. Brazil
b. India
c. Sri-lanka
d. Columbia
(Ans: a)
 

51-Production of tea requires

a. cool climate and high rainfall
b. hot climate and high rainfall
c. cool climate and low rainfall
d. hot climate and low rainfall
(Ans: a)
 

52-The leading producer of tea is

a. Brazil
b. India
c. Sri lanka
d. China
(Ans: d)
 

53-Which of the following comes under primary activities?

a. Agriculture
b. Manufacturing
c. Transportation
d. None of the above
(Ans: a)
 

54-‘Hindustan Aeronautics Limited’ is a

a. Private sector industry
b. Public sector industry
c. Joint sector industry
d. co-operative sector industry
(Ans: b)
 

55-‘Maruti Udyog Limited’ is a

a. Private sector industry
b. Public sector industry
c. Joint sector industry
d. co-operative sector industry
(Ans: c)
 

56-Cotton textile industry requires

a. Warm climate
b. Moist climate
c. both ‘a’ and ‘b’
d. None of the above
(Ans: c)
 

57-The following city is often referred to as ‘Manchester of India’?

a. Mumbai
b. Ahmadabad
c. Surat
d. Kolkata
(Ans: b)
 

58-The following is an important textile centre of Japan

a. Osaka
b. Hiroshima
c. Tokyo
d. Nagoya
(Ans: a)
 
 59-The following is also known as ‘Sunrise industry’.
a. Iron and steel industry
b. Cotton textile
c. Information technology
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
 

60- The average density of population in the whole world is ___ persons per square km
a. 21
b. 31
c. 41
d. 51
(Ans: d)
 

61- The difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the
a. natural growth rate
b. normal growth rate
c. actual growth rate
d. none of the above
(Ans: a)
 

62-Sudan has experienced a loss in population due to

a. Emigration
b. Immigration
c. both ‘a’ and ‘b’
d. None of the above
(Ans: a)
 

63-The factor(s) responsible for population change is (are)

a. Births
b. Deaths
c. Migration
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources
with Answers

August 17, 2020 by Prasanna Leave a Comment

Check the below NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil,
Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources with Answers Pdf free
download. MCQ Questions for Class 8 Social Science with Answers were prepared
based on the latest exam pattern. We have Provided Land, Soil, Water, Natural
Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Class 8 Geography MCQs Questions with Answers
to help students understand the concept very well.

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Class 8 MCQs
Questions with Answers

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
In which of the following continents is Tanzania situated?
(a) Europe
(b) Asia
(c) Africa
(d) South America

Answer

Answer: (c) Africa

Question 2.
Which of the following is the most important natural resource ?
(a) Land
(b) Water
(c) Air
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Question 3.
The uneven distribution of population in the world is due to the varied characteristics of
(a) land and climate
(b) climate
(c) vegetation
(d) settlements

Answer

Answer: (a) land and climate

Question 4.
The example of common property resource is
(a) community land
(b) individual building
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these

Answer

Answer: (a) community land

Question 5.
is the use of land for different purposes like agriculture, forestry, mining, construction of
buildings, houses, industries and road.
(a) Land degradation
(b) Land use
(c) Landfilling
(d) Land digging

Answer

Answer: (b) Land use

Question 6.
Which of the following determine the use of land?
(a) Soil and topography
(b) Climate and vegetation
(c) Availability of water
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Question 7.
Australia uses its largest portion of its area for
(a) pastures
(b) crop land
(c) forest
(d) other uses

Answer

Answer: (a) pastures

Question 8.
The lowerjnost layer of the soil is:
(a) Weathered rock
(b) Parent rock
(c) Sub soil
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (b) Parent rock

Question 9.
Which of the following is used of soil conservation?
(a) Mulching
(b) Shelter belts
(c) Contour ploughing
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Question 10.
Which is not an example of ground water?
(a) Water flowing in rivers
(b) Water through wells
(c) Water through hand pumps
(d) Water through submersible pumps

Answer

Answer: (a) Water flowing in rivers

Question 11.
Which of the following is a famous bird sanctuary?
(a) Kaziranga National Park
(b) Tiger Park at Dudhwa
(c) Gir forest
(d) Bharatpur Sanctuary

Answer

Answer: (d) Bharatpur Sanctuary

Question 12.
Why is it necessary to increase the area under forests?
(a) To maintain ecological balance
(b) Forest absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
(c) Forest help in raising the level of precipitation
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Question 13.
Large scale destruction of forests cover and arable land has occured due to the
following:
(a) Growing population
(b) Ever growing demand of the population
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)

Match the following:

Column A Column B

(a) Groups of plant communities in areas having similar

(i) Fallow land
climatic conditions

(ii) Biomes (b) Breaking up and decay of exposed rocks due to various
 factor

(c) Marginal land kept fallow for a certain period to restore

(iii) Weathering
their fertility

(d) Land covered with grass shrubs on which animals are

(iv) Pastures
grazed freely

Answer

Answer:

Column A Column B

(c) Marginal land kept fallow for a certain period to restore

(i) Fallow land
their fertility

(a) Groups of plant communities in areas having similar

(ii) Biomes
climatic conditions

(b) Breaking up and decay of exposed rocks due to various

(iii) Weathering
factor

(d) Land covered with grass shrubs on which animals are

(iv) Pastures
grazed freely
State whether true or false:

1. The quality of land differ from place to place.

Answer

Answer: True

2. Natural resources are essential for economic development of a country.

Answer

Answer: True

3. The grassland of Asia and Africa are overpopulated region.

Answer

Answer: False

4. Water is found only in liquid form on earth.

Answer

Answer: False
Fill in the blanks:

1. Nearly 97% of the earth’s total water is in the form of ………………. and
………………. .

Answer

Answer: sea, oceans

2. Tiger Pdrk at Dudhwa is situated in the state ………………. .

Answer

Answer: Uttar Pradesh

3. ………………. is produced with the help of running and falling water.

Answer

Answer: Hydro-electricity

4. Polar areas are ………………. populated areas.

Answer

Answer: sparsely
5. We can ………………. the supply of drinking water by installing desalination plants.

Answer

Answer: increase

6. In ………………. areas landslides have been a major and widely spread natural
disaster.

Answer

Answer: mountains

We hope the given NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Land,
Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources with Answers Pdf free download
will help you. If you have any queries regarding Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation
and Wildlife Resources CBSE Class 8 Geography MCQs Multiple Choice Questions
with Answers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you soon.

Share this:

 Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)

 Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)
 Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
 Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)
 Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)

Related

MCQ Questions for Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife with
AnswersIn "MCQ Questions"

MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 1 Resources with AnswersIn "MCQ Questions"

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural
Vegetation and Wildlife ResourcesIn "CBSE Class 8"
 Filed Under: MCQ Questions

Reader Interactions
Leave a Reply
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Comment

Name *

Email *

Website

 Notify me of follow-up comments by email.

 Notify me of new posts by email.

Post Comment

Primary Sidebar
Search
Search the site ...

RECENT POSTS

 Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Notes Maths Chapter 15

 Symmetry Class 7 Notes Maths Chapter 14
 Exponents and Powers Class 7 Notes Maths Chapter 13
 Algebraic Expressions Class 7 Notes Maths Chapter 12
 Perimeter and Area Class 7 Notes Maths Chapter 11
 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English
 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Free PDF | Download All Chapters Class
10 NCERT SST Textbook Solutions
 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths PDF Download | Free Chapter-wise NCERT Maths
Solutions
 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Free PDF Download | Chapter Wise NCERT
Science Solutions for Grade 10
 Rational Numbers Class 7 Notes Maths Chapter 9
RS Aggarwal Solutions RD Sharma Solutions

RS Aggarwal Class 10 RD Sharma Class 10

RS Aggarwal Class 9 RD Sharma Class 9

RS Aggarwal Class 8 RD Sharma Class 8

RS Aggarwal Class 7 RD Sharma Class 11

RS Aggarwal Class 6 RD Sharma Class 12

Footer
NCERT Solutions for Class 12
NCERT Solutions for Class 11
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
NCERT Solutions for Class 9
NCERT Solutions for Class 8
NCERT Solutions for Class 7
NCERT Solutions for Class 6

ML Aggarwal Class 10 ICSE Solutions

Concise Mathematics Class 10 ICSE Solutions
RS Aggarwal Solutions
RD Sharma Solutions
ML Aggarwal Solutions
CBSE Sample Papers
English Summaries
English Grammar

Like us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter

Watch Youtube Videos Follow us on Google Plus

Follow us on Pinterest Follow us on Tumblr

Percentage Calculator

Copyright © 2020 · Magazine Pro on Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in

Question 1.
Multiple Choice Questions Choose the correct option.
(i) Which of these resources covers about three-fourths of the total surface of earth?
(a) land
(b) soil
(c) air
(d) water

(ii) What are low-lying areas very susceptible to?

(a) earthquakes
(b) landslides
(c) flooding
(d) tsunamis

(iii) Which of these physical features are best suited for living?
(a) plains and river valleys
(b) mountains
(c) deserts
(d) lakes and rivers

(iv) Which of these is example of community land?

(a) the Sunderban forests
(b) a bungalow
(c) the Parliament House
(d) none of these

(v) What is the majority of land in India used for?

(a) cultivation
(b) pasture
(c) forests
(d) none of these

(vi) Which of these countries is mainly covered with forest land?

(a) India
(b) Brazil
(c) USA
(d) both b and c

( vii) Due to what feature is ocean water unfit for human consumption?
(a) poisonous
(b) salinity
(c) water temperature
(d) none of these
Answer:
(i)(d), (ii)(c), (iii)(a), (iv)(a), (v)(a), (vi)(d), (vii)(b).

Question 2.
Fill in the blank spaces given to complete each sentence.

1. The percentage of fresh water on …………..

2. The process responsible for soil formation is called ……………
3. Private land is owned‘by a fan ………………
4. The grainy layer on land is called …………….
5. Soil becomes fertile due to the right mix of …………… and ……….
6. The colour, texture, etc of soil is determined by ……………….
7. Climate factors influencing rate of weathering include and …………….
8. ………….. is the growing of different crops in alternate rows.
9. 70% of fresh water exists as ……………..

Answer:

1. 2.7
2. weathering,
3. individual
4. soil
5. minerals, organic matter
6. parent rock
7. rainfall, temperature
 8. intercropping
9. ice sheets.

Question 3.
State whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F).

1. The land has similar features all over the surface of the earth.
2. Plains and valleys are densely populated because of soil fertility.
3. Population and technology are important factors that determine land use pattern.
4. The growing population is not a cause of soil erosion.
5. Topography and organic material affect the soil composition of soil.
6. Time affects the rate of humus formation during the process of soil formation.
7. The earth is called the water planet because of the large amount of water available over
it.
8. Africa and West Asia are areas facing serious water scarcity.
9. Forest and other vegetation promote surface run-off.
10. The convention, CITES, lists species which should not be traded.

Answer.

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. True
7. True
8. True
9. False
10. True

Question 4.
Match the items given in Column I correctly with those given in Column II.
Answer.
(i) (c), (ii) (a), (iii) (e), (iv) (b), (v) (d), (vi) (f).

Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation

and Wildlife Resources Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What are the possible reasons behind the uneven distribution of population around the
world?
Answer.
The reasons behind uneven population distribution are mainly the varied conditions of
land and climate.

Question 2.
Give three common forms of land use.
Answer.
Three common land use forms are: (i) As cropland, (ii) Pasture, (iii) Forests.

Question 3.
What human factors determine land use pattern?
Answer.
Human factors affecting land use pattern are population and technology.

Question 4.
Define soil.
Answer.
The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil.
Question 5.
What is required to make soil fertile?
Answer.
The right mix of minerals and organic matter is needed to make soil fertile.

Question 6.
What is parent rock?
Answer.
The rock from which soil is derived is called parent rock.

Question 7.
What are the factors threatening soil as a resource?
Answer.
Two factors that threaten soil as a resource are soil erosion and its depletion.

Question 8.
What method of soil conservation may be used in coastal and dry reqions?
Answer.
Shelter belts are used to protect the soil in coastal and dry regions.

Question 9.
Why is the earth called the “water planet”?
Answer.
The earth’s surface has about three- fourths water, so it is called “water planet”.

Question 10.
In what forms is fresh water found on the earth?
Answer.
Fresh water is found in the forms of groundwater, water in rivers and lakes, and water
vapour.

Question 11 .
What is the name given to the process involved in rain formation?
Answer.
The process involved in the formation of rain is called “water cycle”.

Question 12.
Name some regions of water scarcity in the world.
Answer.
Africa, West Asia, South Asia, parts of western USA, northwest Mexico, parts of South
America, and Australia face water scarcity.
Question 13.
Name a method to save surface run-off.
Answer.
Water harvesting is a method to save surface run-off.

Question 14.
How is a bird like vulture important for the ecosystem?
Answer.
A vulture feeds on dead livestock and so it cleanses the environment.

Question 15.
What is the distinguishing feature between evergreen and deciduous forests?
Answer.
Evergreen forests never shed their leaves whereas deciduous forests shed their leaves
once a year.

Question 16.
What is the Vanamahotsava?
Answer.
The social programme of planting trees, organized at the community level is called
vanamahotsava.

Question 1.
What is the full form of CITES?
Answer:
CITES is the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora.

Question 2.
Define National Park?
Answer:
National Park is a natural area designated for the protection of ecological integrity of
one or more ecosystem for the present and the future generation.

Question 3.
Name the classification of forests depending on when they shed their leaves?
Answer:
Forests are broadly classified as evergreen and deciduous depending on when they
shed their leaves.

Question 4.
Primarily on what factors does the growth of vegetation depends upon?
Answer:
The growth of vegetation depends primary on temperature and moisture.
Question 5.
Why is river Yamuna getting polluted?
Answer:
River Yamuna is getting polluted due to sewage, industrial effluents and garbage
released into it.

Question 6.
What quantity of water does a dripping tap waste in a year?
Answer:
A dripping tap water 1200 litres of water in a year.

Question 7.
What are the two major threats to soil as a resource?
Answer:
Soil erosion and depletion are the major threats to soil as a resource.

Question 8.
How much time period is required for the formation of just one centimetre of soil?
Answer:
It takes hundreds of years to make just one centimetre of soil.

Question 9.
Which natural resource covers only about 30% of the total area of the earth’s surface?
Answer:
Land

Question 10.
What is the main reason behind the uneven distribution of population in different parts of
the world?
Answer:
It is mainly due to varied characteristics of land and climate.

Question 11.
On what basis land is classified into private land and community land?
Answer:
On the basis of ownership.

Question 12.
What has led to large scale destruction of forest cover and arable land?
Answer:
Growing population and their ever growing demand have led to a large scale destruction
of forest cover and arable land.
Question 13.
Why is Hazard Mapping done?
Answer:
Hazard mapping is done to locate areas prone to landslide.

Question 14.
What determines the type of soil?
Answer:
Landform determines the type of soil.

Question 15.
In which year does the consumption of water for human use was 3850 cai/year?
Answer:
In 1975.

Question 16.
Why is Earth appropriately called water planet?
Answer:
Because 3/4th of the earth’s surface is covered with water.

Question 17.
What percent of fresh water is present on Earth?
Answer:
Only about 2.7%.

Question 18.
What is the major problem faced by the world today?
Answer:
Access to clean and adequate water sources is a major problem faced by the world
today.

Question 19.
On what does the growth of vegetation depends primarily?
Answer:
The growth of vegetation depends primarily on temperature and moisture.

Question 20.
Give some examples of species protected under CITES.
Answer:
Bears, dolphins, cacti, corals, orchids and aloes, etc.

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Class 8 Extra
Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 2 Short Answers Type
Question 1.
What is soil and how is soil made fertile?
Answer:
The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil. It is
closely linked to land. Landforms determine the type of soil. Soil is made up of organic
matter, minerals and weathered rocks found on the earth. This happens through the
process of weathering. The right mix of minerals and organic matter make the soil
fertile.

Question 2.
What does the weathering mean and how does the weathering help soil?
Answer:
Weathering is the breaking up and decay of exposed rocks by temperature changes,
frost action, plants, animals and human activity and soil is made up of organic matter,
minerals and weathered rocks found on the earth. This happens through the process of
weathering.

Question 3.
How does the major factors of soil formation play an important role?
Answer:
The major factors of soil formation are the nature of the parent rock and climatic factors
and

1. Parent Rock: Determines colour, texture, chemical properties minerals, content,

permeability.
2. Climate: Temperature, rainfall influence rate of weathering and humus.
3. Relief: Altitude and slope, determine accumulation of soil.
4. Flora, Fauna and Microorganism: Affect the rate of humus formation.
5. Time: Determines thickness of soil profile.

Question 4.
What are some broad mitigation techniques of landslide?
Answer:
Some broad mitigation techniques of landslide are as follows:

1. Hazard mapping for locating lanslides prone area, so that building settlements
can be avoided.
2. Construction of retention wall to stop land from slipping.
3. Increase in the vegetation cover to arrest landslide.
4. The surface drainage control works to control the movement of landslide along
with rain water and spring flows.

Question 5.
How is the land classified on the basis of ownership? What is the concept of common
property resources?
Answer:
Land can be classified on the basis of ownership as private and community land.
Private land is owned by the individuals whereas, community land is owned by the
community for common uses like collection of fodder, fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs.
These community lands are called common property resources.

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Class 8 Extra
Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 2 Long Answers Type
Question 1.
What is a land and what is the concept of Land use?
Answer:
Land is among the most important natural resources. It covers only about thirty per cent
of the total area of the earths’s surface and all parts of this small percentage are not
habitable.

Land Life
Land is used for different purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building
houses, roads and setting up of industries. This is commonly termed as Land use. The
use of land is determined by the physical factors such as topography, soil, climate,
minerals and availability of water. Human factors such as population and technology are
also important determinants of land use pattern.

Question 2.
Describe Landslide and Mitigation mechanism in brief.
Answer:
Landslides are simply defined as the mass movement of rock debris or earth down a
slope. They often take place in conjunction with earthquakes, floods and volcanoes. A
prolonged spell of rainfall can cause heavy landslide that can block the flow of river for
quite some time.

The formation of river blocks can cause havoc to the settlements downstream on its
bursting. In the hilly terrain landslides have been a major and widely spread natural
disaster that often strike life and property and occupy a position of major concern.

Mitigation mechanism is the advancement in scientific techniques which has

empowered us to understand what factors cause landslides and how to manage them.