A.

Constipation
Nursing Diagnosis: Constipation related to Lack of Physical
Activity
1. Advise the patient to have an oral fluid intake of 2000 to
3000 mL/day, if not contraindicated;
2. Determine presence of hardened stools which will not let
the patient defecate easily. Determine measures of removing
the stools if needed; and
3. Promote privacy of patients during defecation
B. Pain
Nursing Diagnosis: Pain related to Disease process
1. Allow patient to maintain a diary of pain ratings, timing,
precipitating events, medications, treatments, and what works
best to relieve pain.
2. If opioid dose is increased, monitor sedation and respiratory
status for a brief time.
3. Educate patient of pain management approach that has been
ordered, including therapies, medication administration, side
effects, and complications.
C. Difficulty Sleeping
Nursing Diagnosis: Insomnia related to Physical Discomfort
1. Educate the patient on the proper food and fluid intake such
as avoiding heavy meals, alcohol, caffeine, or smoking before
bedtime.
2. Introduce relaxing activities such as warm bath, calm music,
reading a book, and relaxation exercises before bedtime.
3. Prevent the patient from thinking about next day’s activities
or any distracting thoughts at bedtime.