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Chapt. 2
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Common Number Systems
Used by Used in
System Base Symbols humans? computers?
Decimal 10 0, 1, … 9 Yes No
Binary 2 0, 1 No Yes
Octal 8 0, 1, … 7 No No
Hexa- 16 0, 1, … 9, No No
decimal A, B, … F
Decimal Octal
Binary Hexadecima
l
pp.
ITEC 1011 40-46
Introduction to Information Technologies
Quick Example
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
Next slide…
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Weight
12510 => 5 x 10 0 = 5
2 x 10 1 = 20
1 x 10 2 = 100
125
Base
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
1010112 => 1 x 20 = 1
1 x 21 = 2
0 x 22 = 0
1 x 23 = 8
0 x 24 = 0
1 x 25 = 32
4310
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
7248 => 4 x 8 0 = 4
2 x 81 = 16
7 x 8 2 = 448
46810
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
ABC16 => C x 16 0 = 12 x 1 = 12
B x 161 = 11 x 16 = 176
A x 162 = 10 x 256 = 2560
274810
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
12510 = 1111101 2
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
7 0 5
7058 = 111000101 2
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
1 0 A F
10AF16 = 0001000010101111 2
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
8 1234
8 154 2
8 19 2
8 2 3
0 2
123410 = 23228
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
16 1234
16 77 2
16 4 13 = D
0 4
123410 = 4D2 16
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
1 3 2 7
10110101112 = 13278
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
10 1011 1011
2 B B
10101110112 = 2BB 16
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Octal to Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
1 0 7 6
2 3 E
10768 = 23E 16
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Hexadecimal to Octal
Decimal Octal
Hexadecima
Binary
l
1 F 0 C
1 7 4 1 4
1F0C16 = 17414 8
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Exercise – Convert ...
Hexa-
Decimal Binary Octal decimal
33
1110101
703
1AF
Hexa-
Decimal Binary Octal decimal
33 100001 41 21
117 1110101 165 75
451 11100001 703 1C3
1
431 11010111 657 1AF
1
/ 2 30 =
ab × a c = a b+c
26 × 2 10 = 2 16 = 65,536
or…
26 × 2 10 = 64 × 2 10 = 64k
A B A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 10
“two”
pp.
ITEC 1011 36-38
Introduction to Information Technologies
Binary Addition (2 of 2)
• Twon -bit values
– Add individual bits
– Propagate carries
– E.g.,
1 1
10101 21
+ 11001 + 25
101110 46
35
x 105
175
000
35
3675
pp. 39
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Multiplication (2 of 3)
• Binary, two 1-bit values
A B A×B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
pp.
ITEC 1011 46-50
Introduction to Information Technologies
Fractions
• Binary to decimal
pp.
ITEC 1011 46-50
Introduction to Information Technologies
Fractions
• Decimal to binary .14579
x 2
3.14579 0.29158
x 2
0.58316
x 2
1.16632
x 2
0.33264
x 2
0.66528
x 2
1.33056
11.001001... etc.
p. 50
ITEC 1011 Introduction to Information Technologies
Exercise – Convert ...
Hexa-
Decimal Binary Octal decimal
29.8
101.1101
3.07
C.82
Don’t use a calculator!
Hexa-
Decimal Binary Octal decimal
29.8 11101.110011… 35.63… 1D.CC…
5.8125 101.1101 5.64 5.D
3.109375 11.000111 3.07 3.1C
12.5078125 1100.10000010 14.404 C.82
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