1.

FrSky Taranis X9D Plus

Buy on Amazon

The FrSky Taranis X9D plus sets the industry standards when it comes to powerful, flexible
and fully featured radio transmitter.

The transmitter employs ACCST technology, which is best known with FrSky transmitter
models. The technology ensures that the transmitter is able to utilize the entire 2.4 GHz band
to maintain a solid rock connection with the receiver.

The X9D plus is essentially more advanced and comes with Haptic Vibration alerts, voice
speech outputs, and a dual colour LCD backlit screen with 2 colour combinations to select
from. Moreover, it comes installed with OPENTX open source software and boasts 16
channels with a faster baud rate and low latency.

One amazing feature with the X9D plus is its full telemetry capabilities combined with the
RSSI alarms that lets you know when there’s a signal reception problem before a disaster
strikes.

In terms of design, the receiver features a fusion of traditional radio design with a fantastic
ergonomic case with two twist-knobs, 8-programmable switches, and smooth operating
gimbals.

The transmitter is made to be compatible with FrSky (X, D, and L) series receivers and the
V8-II series receiver.

Pros

 Full telemetry RSSI alarms lets you know when there’s a signal reception problem
 16 channels that can be expanded to 32 with an external XJT module
 Real-time data logging
 Large LCD screen
  You can select 3 different modes

Cons

 The LCD screen is prone to scratches

2. Futaba 6J 6-Channel S-FHSS

Buy on Amazon

If you looking for a radio transmitter that offers value and a myriad of features then the
Futaba 6J is what you are looking for.

With a super-fast response speed and a frame rate of 6.8ms, the Futaba 6J radio transmitter
operates at a frequency bandwidth of 2.4 GHz and works on S-FHSS and FHSS protocols.
The transmitter supports pitch and throttle for air planes as well as four swash-plate options
for helicopter pilots.

What’s more, the receiver supports four control modes and comes with a 15 model memory
that lets you save different aircraft settings. There’s also a rotary knob that lets you fine tune
hover pitch or switch to a fully proportional 6th channel.

Compared to most transmitters in its class, the Futaba 6J has an uncluttered faceplate that lets
you access all the controls with ease. Its design is also balanced to offer a better grip and
ensure that there’s even weight distribution when it’s set down or worn on the neck.

Other features include an LCD display, throttle cut button, low-battery warnings, range check
mode, a bi-directional menu navigation, and a built in antenna to prevent accidental breakage.
There are so many features to explore with this transmitter that make it worth the price tag.

Pros
  Air plane and helicopter options
 Throttle cut button
 Uncluttered faceplate for easy operation
 Comfortable grip and nicely balanced physical transmitter
 15-model memory to save your settings

Cons

 Tiny LCD screen that lacks backlighting

3. GoolRC Flysky FS-i6

Buy on Amazon

The Flysky FS-i6 is yet another radio transmitter by GoolRC that offers unsurpassed
capabilities.

With only 6 channels, this entry level telemetry operates at a frequency bandwidth of 2.4
GHz and employs the AFHDS (Automatic Frequency Hopping Digital System) technology to
transmit radio signals.

It features an ultra-slim case design that clinches comfortably in your hands hence
minimizing fatigue during long flights. Its programming is simple to use and the digital trims
give this RC radio transmitter a modern feel and look.

The transmitter has an antenna that does not need reinforcement and is compact enough such
that you can loop it around your neck using a neck strap or pack it in a back pack together
with all your gear and go hiking with it.

Other features include a backlit LCD display, 20-model memory, trainer port, and a 3-
position switch for changing flight modes along with two adjustable knobs among other
features.
Pros

 Very affordable
 Compact design makes it easy to carry
 Simple programming makes it easy to use
 Backlit LCD display screen
 Ideal for beginners

Cons

 Only 6 channels can limit what you want to fly

4. Spektrum DX6 DSMX

Buy on Amazon

The Spektrum DX6 brims with features that you can only get from high end RC radio
transmitters.

With a frequency bandwidth of 2.4 GHz, this remarkably affordable RC radio transmitter
boasts a whopping 250 model memory. This enormous memory means that you do not have
to keep changing models between your transmitter and SD card.

The receiver is equipped with a full-range AR610 receiver that pulls together the precision
and speed of DSMX control with an amplified antenna. This enables the receiver to pick
signals with incredible clarity even in noisy environments.

In addition to the amplified antenna, the DX6 RC comes with an impressive list programming
features for airplane, heli, and sailplanes. Furthermore, 3 tail types, four wing types, and five
flights modes. All these functions are effortlessly operated on an intuitive SimpleScroll
programming interface.
Other important features worth noting include the programmable voice alerts, the wireless
trainer link, and the built-in telemetry feature that lets you know real-time data on functions
like airspeed, battery voltage, signal quality, etc. You can use the voice alert system to alert
you when specific telemetry values are exceeded or attained.

Pros

 Very affordable
 Programming for airplanes, helicopters and sailplanes
 Comes with programmable voice alerts
 250 model memory
 Built-in telemetry feature gives real time data

Cons

 Possible limitation of the 6 channel

 The AA alkaline batteries drain very fast

5. Spektrum DX6e DSMX DSM2

Buy on Amazon

Just like the DX6, the Spektrum DX6e combines the simplicity of a basic radio and the
versatility of a programmable RC transmitter to give a feature rich and budget friendly flying
companion.

With an operating bandwidth of 2.4 GHZ, the DX6e can fly almost any RC airplane, heli,
drone, multi-rotor, or sailplane giving pilots the much needed control to fly pre-programmed
set-ups.

The model is also equipped with a full range AR610 receiver that seamlessly integrates with
DSMX technology and the Spektrum Air Wave software to give you clear signals.
What’s more, it features a patent-pending gimbal design for adjusting the gimbal spring
configuration and a built-in telemetry feature that lets you get real time data on things like
signal quality and battery voltage.

You’ll also love the 250 model memory and the wireless trainer link that lets you share model
set ups with any Spektrum user.

Pros

 250 model memory

 Built in telemetry
 Simple to use
 Programming for airplanes, helicopters and sailplanes
 Ability to share set ups with other users

Cons

 Drains the AA alkaline batteries quite fast

6. Radiolink AT10 II

Buy on Amazon

Radiolink AT10 II is another RC transmitter that has met quite a good response among its
users.

With a super-fast response rate of 3ms, the AT10 II operates at a bandwidth of 2.4 GHz. This
allows the transmitter to receive stable and faster signals synchronously in its 12 channels
thanks to its high-gain transmitter antenna that has a maximum control distance of 4km.

Along with the receiver, there is an R12DS receiver that allows you to control a racing drone
at different distance ranges and a configurable multiple alarm feature that shows when there’s
extended engine voltage and low transmitter voltage on the backlit colour LCD screen.
The coloured LCD screen is also well placed for easy configuration and real-time data
telemetry monitoring. The unit also features an ergonomic design for easy handling and
comes with numerous control switches.

You can also upgrade the device’s firmware via USB to ensure that it maintains its full
functionality at all time. The anti-polarity connection feature also protects your transmitter
from getting damaged if plugged wrongly.

Pros

 Super-fast response rate

 Coloured LCD screen
 Ergonomic design for easy handling and control
 Firmware update
 Anti-polarity connection

Cons

 Flimsy joysticks

7. FrSky Upgraded Taranis Q X7S

Buy on Amazon

The FrSky QX7S is another great RC radio transmitter in the Taranis’s series of radio
transmitters.

This new upgraded version is feature rich compared to the original QX7. Just like most
Tarani transmitters, the QX7 runs on the OpenTX open source software, which means you
can share files with other models such as the X9D plus.

It features six upgraded switches and ball bearing hall sensors along with a wireless trainer
function. The QX7 also makes it easy to monitor sensor data since it’s compatible with FrSky
iOS and Android apps.
Just like X9D plus, the QX7 features a compact design and adds the haptic vibration system
which is common with FrSky radios. The system acts as an alternative feedback system to
sound and voice alerts.

Best of them all, the transmitter can support up to 32 channels and allows real-time data
logging. It also has a micro-SD card slot for unrestricted memory options along with a USB
port for firmware updates.

Pros

 Slightly angled switches for better ergonomics

 Rubber front offers a comfortable grip
 Real time flight data logging
 You can share files
 Compatible with FrSky apps

Cons

 You have to unplug the battery to charge it

8. Tactic TTX403

Buy on Amazon

The TTX403 is a great entry level RC radio transmitter that offers added versatility that you
might expect.

The TTX403 is ideal for flying Fly-zone and Great Plane aircrafts and uses an advanced
2.4GHz spectrum technology to ensure error-free and uninterrupted flying.
The TTX403 can be configured to function as a 3 or 4 channel transmitter. If you are a
beginner, using the 3-channel configuration can help you to better full airplane directional
control with one hand and use the other for throttle control.

To power the TTX403, five AA batteries are required. You can use 1.2V NiCd (Nickel-
Cadmium) batteries, Non-rechargeable 1.5V alkaline batteries or NiMH (Nickel –metal
hydride) batteries. Keep in mind that the cells should not be mixed.

The RC is compatible with all mini-sized and micro TX-R airplanes. It includes features such
as Elevon and V-Tail mixing functions, electronic speed controls, servo reversing, and power
LED and low battery alarm.

Pros

 Compact design
 Ergonomic case
 Compatible with all mini-sized and micro TX-R airplanes.
 Can serve as a low-cost alternative to SLT transmitters

Cons

 None

9. Radiolink RC4GS

Buy on Amazon

If you are looking for radio transmitter that’s compact and offers the latest technology at a
decent price tag, then the Radiolink RC4GS is what you need.

The transmitter is built to fit into all types of driving environments thanks to the faster
response time that takes the 4 channels to respond in a record 12ms.
Unlike analogue transmitter that have little turning knobs that can cause you lose control, this
transmitter comes with a digital computing system that lets you set your trim settings
ensuring that everything is working just as you anticipate.

The FHSS algorithm used by the RC4GS together with the 16 channels pseudo-random
sequence frequency hopping helps ensure superb multipath interference. This means that
multiple players cannot interfere with each other.

Another great feature is the built-in gyro sensitivity setting that can be adjusted to help
prevent you from spinning out. Moreover there’s a 4-channel mixing function and an ABS
and failsafe protection function that prevents you from locking up when taking sharp corners.

More features include an anti-polarity protection technology, USB firmware upgrade, and
superb ergonomics design for player comfort.

Pros

 Superb multipath interference

 Built-in gyro sensitivity setting
 ABS and failsafe protection feature
 Superb ergonomics for comfort
 USB firmware upgrade

Cons

 The plastic construction and the buttons do not have a high-end feel

10. Flysky FS-GT5 6CH

Buy on Amazon

The Flysky FS-GT5 is another compact and user-friendly RC radio transmitter that offers
great functionality.
This new release by Flysky comes with an FS-BS6 receiver and features the AFHDS 2A
protocol. The AFHDS system offers unrivalled protection against interference while ensuring
minimal power usage and reliable receiver sensitivity.

Apart from that, the radio comes with a frequency bandwidth of 2.4 GHz and offers 6
channels. The channels ensure that it’s compatible with RC cars and boats.

It also comes with a 4-crawl mode and an in-built failsafe function that guarantees the user’s
safety and that of others. When the failsafe is active, all channels are set to a pre-set value
until the signal is regained or power is removed.

What’s more, the FS-GT5 comes with an ABS function to help in achieving the best
cornering and breaking effect; and an in-built gyroscope stabilization system that prevents
from spinning.

Pros

 The AFHDS system for protection against interference

 Great ergonomic handle
 Properly placed controls
 ABS function for excellent cornering
 Comes with gyroscope stabilization system

Cons

 Signal issues have been reported

What to consider when buying an RC radio Transmitter:

Buyers Guide
Buying an RC transmitter for your car, drone, airplane, or helicopter can be confusing
especially if you do not know what features you should consider first. But don’t worry,
because we have got you covered.

Price

Consider the budget that you want to operate with. Besides you do not want to spend a lot of
money on an RC radio that you will just use to fly an RC airplane or RC car. Most RC radio
transmitters cost under $200 but make sure you check the various attributes that come with
the cost. You might get a good and dependable one at below $100.

Bind-N-Fly (BNF)

A BNF product lacks a transmitter but includes everything else that you need. For example
you can get an RC aircraft with a receiver but lacking a transmitter. If this is the case, your
transmitter choice must be compatible with that particular model.

Ergonomics
Sometimes you may want to drive your RC car or airplane for hour. This means that you’ll
need an RC radio transmitter that is lightweight and with a comfortable grip in your hands.
You might as well consider one with customizable ergonomics.

Channels

Consider the number of channels that your transmitter has. The more the channels, the more
options you get when flying your drone or driving. For example, you can use one channel to
accelerate while the other one to steer, reverse, or control lights. However, the more the
channels, the pricier the transmitter.

Model memory

A huge model memory means that you do not have to use a different transmitter for every RC
car or airplane you want to operate. With a huge model memory you can store numerous
model profiles for different RC cars or planes. For instance, with a 20 model memory, you
can store up to 20 different profiles.

Telemetry functions

Telemetry functions let you monitor things like airspeed, battery voltage, temperature or
signal problems.

1. Construction Materials.
Materials Used for Construction of RC-Aircrafts
1. Balsa Wood
2. HD Form
3. Depron Foam
4. Coroplast Sheets
5. EPP form
6. Aircraft grade Ply Wood
7. Carbon and Glass Fiber

1. Balsa Wood
  Model airplanes are no different than any other type of flying machine, large or small
- THE LIGHTER IT IS BUILT, THE BETTER IT WILL FLY!
 Keep it in mind, then it is easy to understand why balsa wood has been the standard
material for model airplane construction since it first became readily available in the
U.S. in the late 1920s.
 Its outstanding strength-to-weight ratio enables RC hobbyists to construct durable
models that fly as of real aircrafts.
 Balsa also absorbs shock and vibration well and can be easily cut, shaped, and glued
with simple hand tools.

ORIGIN OF BALSA WOOD.

 Balsa trees grow naturally in the humid rain forests of Central and South America.
 Its natural range extends south from Guatemala, through Central America, to the north
and west coast of South America as far as Bolivia.
 The small country of Ecquador on the western coast of South America, is the primary
source of model aircraft grade blasa in the world.
 Balsa needs a warm climate with plenty of rainfall and good drainage.
 For that reason, the best of balsa usually appear on the high ground between tropical
rivers.
 Ecquador has the ideal geography and climate for growing balsa trees.
 The scientific name for balsa wood is ochroma lagopus.
  The word balsa itself is Spanish meaning raft, in reference to its excellent floating
qualities.
 In Ecquador it is known as Boya, meaning buoy.

HOW TO SELECT BALSA FOR MODEL BUILDING

 Many hobby shops supply balsa sheets, sticks, and blocks that you can choose from if
you are going to build a model airplane from scratch.
 Because of the nature of balsa, the actual weight of each piece of wood of the same
size can vary slightly.
 Remember this when you select the pieces you want to buy you should keep their
final use also in mind.
 Logically one should select the lightest grades for the lightly stressed model parts
(nose blocks, wingtip blocks, fill-ins, etc.) and the heavier grades for important load
bearing parts of the structure (spars, fuselage stringers, etc.).

RC MODELER'S TOOLS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING BALSA WOOD

 Balsa is a very "friendly" wood to work with - so light, so soft, so easily can work into
so many shapes.
 You don't need heavy-duty power saws and sanders for working on balsa, like
working with a hardwood.
 The professional model builders rely simply on 4 or 5 simple hand tools for the
majority of their work.
 If you are just starting out in the model airplane hobby, here are some tools that they
recommend you to get.
 A good Hobby Knife with changeable blades for general cutting.
 A good knife with sharp blade for carving.
 Razor saw for cutting thick sizes of wood.
 Razor plane for shaping.
 A knife or razor blade will work well for cutting balsa sheets and sticks up to 3/16".
 Always keep replacement blades on hand - blades do wear out and a dull blade can
make it impossible to do a good job.
 Good quality paper cutter is a good choice.
SANDING BLOCKS

 In addition to the cutting tools, you will need different size sanding blocks.
 These are indispensable tools for model construction.
 You can buy ready-made sanding blocks or make your own.( making our own blocks
as per requirement is a better choice).
 The most often used general-purpose sanding block can be made by simply by
wrapping a sand paper sheet around a hardwood or plywood block.
 Use some screws or glue along one edge to hold the overlapped ends of the sandpaper
in place.
 Use rough sandpaper on the block during general construction.
 Another handy sanding block can be made by gluing sandpaper onto a 24" or 36" long
piece of aluminum channel stock.
 Most hardware stores carry a rack of aluminum in various sizes and shapes.
 This long sanding block is very helpful for shaping leading and trailing edges, and
other large pieces, accurately.
 Then glue sandpaper onto different sizes of scrap plywood sticks and round hardwood
dowels.
 These are handy for working in tight places and for careful shaping where a big
sanding block is too hard to control.
BALSA GRAIN - HOW TO IDENTIFY ALL THREE GRAIN TYPES

 In selecting balsa sheets for use in your model, it is important to understand the way
the grain runs through the sheet as well as the weight of the sheet.
 The grain direction actually controls the rigidity or flexibility of a balsa sheet more
than the density does.
 For example, if the sheet is cut from the log so that the tree's annular rings run across
the thickness of the sheet (A-grain, tangent cut), then the sheet will be fairly flexible
edge to edge.
 In fact, after soaking in water some tangent cut sheets can be completely rolled into a
tube shape without splitting.
 If on the other hand the sheet is cut with the annular rings running through the
thickness of the sheet (C-grain, quarter grain), the sheet will be very rigid in edge to
edge and cannot be bent without splitting.
 When the grain direction is less clearly defined (B-grain, random cut), the sheet will
have most intermediate properties between A and C grain.
 Normally, B-grain is the most common and is suitable for most jobs.
 The point remember is that whenever you come across pure A-grain or C-grain sheets,
learn where to use them to take best advantage of their special characteristics.
A-GRAIN

 A-grain sheet balsa has long fibers that show up as long grain lines.
 It is very flexible across the sheet and bends around curves easily, also warps easily.
 Sometimes called "tangent cut."
 Use it for sheet covering rounded fuselages and wing leading edges, planking
fuselages, forming tubes, strong flexible spars, HL glider fuselages.
 DO NOT use for wings or tail surfaces, flat fuselage sides, ribs, or formers.

B-GRAIN

 B-grain sheet balsa has some of the qualities of both type A and type C.
 Grain lines are shorter than type A, and it feels stiffer across the sheet.
 It is a general purpose sheet and can be used for many jobs. Sometimes called
"random cut."
 DO use for flat fuselage sides, trailing edges, wing ribs, formers, planking gradual
curves, wing leading edge sheeting.
 DO NOT use where type A or type C will do a significantly better job.

C-GRAIN

 C-grain sheet balsa has a beautiful mottled appearance.

 It is very stiff across the sheet and spits easily.
 When used properly, it helps to build the lightest, strongest models.
 Most warp resistant type. Sometimes called "quarter grain."
 DO use for sheet balsa wings and tails, flat fuselage sides, wing ribs, formers, trailing
edges.
 Best type for HL glider wings and tails. DON'T use for curved planking, rounded
fuselages, round tubes, HL glider fuselages, or wing spars.

2. HD Form
 Thermocol is a commercial name.
 In 1951 the researchers of a German company named BASF successfully restructured
chemical bonding of polystyrene (a synthetic petroleum product) molecules and
developed a substance named stretch polystyrene.
 This substance was named Thermocol, which nowadays is manufactured through a
simple process.
 Thermoplastic granules are expanded through application of steam and air.
 Expanded granules become much larger in size but remain very light.
 Thermocol is a good resister of cold and heat but since it is a petroleum product it
dissolves in any solvent of petroleum.
 Polystyrene (PS) is a synthetic aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene.
 Polystyrene can be solid or foamed.
 General purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and rather brittle.
 It is an inexpensive resin per unit weight.
 It is a rather poor barrier to oxygen and water vapor and has a relatively low melting
point.
 Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, the scale of its production being
several billion kilograms per year.
 Polystyrene can be naturally transparent, but can be colored with colorants.
 Uses include protective packaging (such as packing peanuts and CD and DVD cases),
containers (such as "clamshells"), lids, bottles, trays, tumblers, and disposable cutlery.
  As a thermoplastic polymer, polystyrene is in a solid (glassy) state at room
temperature but flows if heated above about 100 °C, its glass transition temperature.
 It becomes rigid again when cooled.
 This temperature behavior is exploited for extrusion, and also for molding and
vacuum forming, since it can be cast into molds with fine detail.
 Polystyrene is very slow to biodegrade and is
therefore a focus of controversy.
 It is often abundant as a form of litter in the outdoor environment, particularly along
shores and waterways, especially in its foam form.
 So I do not advice you to use it extensively for your models.
 We can make use of thrown away packing pieces for some parts of our aircraft,
thus helping our environment.

3. Depron Foam
 Depron is a closed cell styrofoam foam in sheet form, it is a fantastic medium for
building model aircraft, and also a popular medium for architectural model building,
as well as model boats and prototype design.
 Light and strong enough for light electric motor battery set ups, the secret to
strengthening depron is carbon and light wood rods and strips, light weight push rods
& horns are now available.
 Depron is very good to construct ultra lightweight flying model aircraft.
 The only limit is your imagination.
 Developed primarily for use as thermal and sound insulation.
 Depron is very common medium for use in the food industry.
 Food trays are quite useful if you can find large unused ones to make light
weight model parts from.
 Depron is actually polystyrene (EPS/XPS) plastic and the (EPS) means expanded
while (XPS) means extruded.
 For our purposes, we’re only interested in the stronger, denser XPS Depron which
also happens to be closed-cell foam.
 Open or Closed cell refers to its structure and because open cell (sponge type) foam
soaks up all fluids (water & glue) it’s just not suitable for a model plane.
 The superior closed cell foam takes much less glue and is easier to waterproof.
 Its sealed surface adds considerable strength as well as making it very easy to apply
non-solvent depron friendly paint or ink finishes.
 You don't have to worry about grain direction and splitting like with balsa wood,
although depron can show a sort of grain on the surface, this is not consistent as this
forms as the styrene cures in the manufacturing process, within the core of the sheet
the cell formation is consistent.
 Like balsa wood the inertia effect is quite low and at only 20 grams per square foot, it
is considerably lighter than the equivalent 95g psf of balsa.
  You can paint your depron masterpiece with foam friendly water colour paints, or
non-solvent marker pens, always do a test on a scrap piece before committing to your
model.
 With depron the name of the game is experimentation, build yourself established
designs, or reach out with your own designs and above all enjoy your modelling.
 Almost all the tools used for balsa wood can be used with depron foam.
 Most important is that it is made out of recycled plastics.
 By using depron sheets we can support our theme "RECYCLING" and protect
trees.

4. Coroplast Sheets (Sun Board or Flute Board or PP Plate

Sheet)

 Coroplast is a brand name of corrugated plastic and a registered trademark of

Coroplast, LLC, a member of the Inteplast Group of companies.
  Because of the success of this brand, it has become a generically used tradename and
many people in North America today refer to all corrugated plastic as "coroplast".
 A similar product is marketed in Australia under the brand name Corflute.
 Coroplast, also called pp plate sheet ("Fluted Polypropylene Sheet"), is a
lightweight (hollow structure), non-toxic, waterproof, shockproof, long lifespan,
corrosion preventive material.
 Compared with cardboard, Coroplast has the advantages of waterproof, colorfast and
corrosion preventive.
 Coroplast Applications.
 Coroplast is sturdy, light, resilient, and inexpensive, making it ideal for
indoor/outdoor signage, electronics, packaging, machinery, light industry, postal
services, food, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, household appliances, advertising,
decoration, stationery, magneto-optical technology, bio-engineering and other medical
and health industries.
 Coroplast is widely used in advertising background, stationery materials, industrial
packaging products, shock, etc.
 The most common are crates, detachable combination boxes, product packaging
boxes and boxes in the partition and so on.
 Currently widely used international plastic materials. It is also used for some animal
cages.
 Coroplast received worldwide attention when the material was used to make an
extremely light, folding kayak (Oru Folding Kayak).
 Because of Coroplast's durability and weather resistant properties it is commonly used
for outdoor advertising, billboards, and signage.
 All these advantages of coroplast can be used for our RC model aircraft.
 It is cheap and locally avialiable.
 Only one drawback is the increase in model weight when comparing with other
materials used in RC modelling, but a lot of money saving!!

5. EPP form
EPS or EPP: Which Foam is Best?
 EPS - Expanded Polystyrene
 Which foam will work best for your project depends on several factors.
 Low cost
 Rigid Foam (High Structural Strength)
 Cover with Balsa Sheeting, Fiberglass or Carbon cloth, Color tape, or Low Temp
coverings
 Works well for small or large wings
 Compatible with Epoxy or Polyurethane Glue
 Not compatible with CA or Goop Glues
 Can be Vacuum Bagged

EPP - Expanded Polypropylene

 High cost
 Impact resistant
 Low Structural Strength
 Reinforcement required for most wings
 Cover with Shipping Tape or Low Temp coverings
 Works well for small wings
 Does not scale up well
 Compatible with Epoxy, CA or Goop Glues
  Not Compatible with Vacuum Bag methods

6. Aircraft grade Ply Wood

  No matter the size of your home built or experimental aircraft, in many places we
have to use plywood.
 We requires some plywood to be used for fuselage construction, aircraft spars and
aircraft wing spars.
 Some times to make aircraft T-stringers, corner blocking, cap strips etc..
 It is better to use special plywood to get better results, but as it is difficult to get we
can do with light weight normal plywood which you will get from local shops.

7. Carbon and Glass Fiber

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer

 Carbon fiber–reinforced polymer, carbon fiber–reinforced plastic or carbon fiber–

reinforced thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP or often simply carbon fiber, or even
carbon), is an extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastic which contains
carbon fibers.
 CFRPs can be expensive to produce but are commonly used wherever high strength-
to-weight ratio and rigidity are required, such as aerospace, automotive and civil
engineering, sports goods and an increasing number of other consumer and technical
applications.
 Specialist aircraft designer and manufacturer Scaled Composites have made extensive
use of CFRP throughout their design range including the first private manned
spacecraft Spaceship One.
 CFRP is widely used in micro air vehicles (MAVs) because of its high strength to
weight ratio.
 Ultralight aircraft (see SSDR) such as the E-Go, rely heavily on CFRP in order to
meet the category weight compliance requirement.
 Carbon fiber tubes, rods and plates are widely used in RC-Aircrafts for strengthening.
 It is a must when you are doing construction with HD Foam, Depron and EPP foam.