219007640

GUNE TC

Module: KESV202

Assignment: LIGHTING DESIGN

Date: 29 Nov 2020

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
1 Introduction 3

2 The Appraisal of a Lighting Design in a Building 4

2.1 Identify the Use or Purpose of the Interior Space/Building. 4

2.2 What were the Lighting Objectives of the Designer? 4

2.3 Do the Lighting Effects created achieve the objectives defined above? 5

2.4 Would you have defined different lighting objectives for the space and/or 5
would you have specified different lighting effects to achieve to achieve
the objectives?
2.5 Is the choice of Light fixtures successful? Why? 5

2.6 Has enough light been provided? Qualify. 5

2.7 Are the colour appearance and colour rendering of the chosen lamps 5
satisfactory?
2.8 Does Glare present a problem? 5

2.9 What appearance has the space during daytime? 5

2.10 Overall, do you consider the lighting of the space successful? Why? 6

3 Lighting Calculations 6

3.1 Calculations 7

3.2 Electrical Lighting Required 16

3.3 Comparison Analysis 17

3.4 Natural Daylighting Through Windows Of Deck Dining Area 19

4 Conclusion 20

5 References 20

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1 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of lighting in buildings varies in relation to the roles that light has to play in the building
design. Regarding design, Lighting installations consist of four categories, which are namely: the
need for overall general illumination, task lighting with background general illumination, lighting for
dramatic effect and specialized problem lighting (i.e. a gallery or museum) (Burberry, 2015).

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Using these four categories, the aim of this assignment is to prepare a qualitative lighting design
review of an existing designed and built space. Regarding a quantitative analysis, the Student Times
Restaurant provided will aid in performing lighting calculations for a space to determine a suitable
energy efficient lighting design for the space.

The existing spaces chosen for qualitative analysis is KFC Traduna Mall, a fast food restaurant located
at Traduna Mall Centre in Port Elizabeth. This assignment will take an in depth qualitative look at the
lighting used and evaluate its performance.

The aim upon completing this assignment will be achieving a more concise understanding of the
lighting design of buildings in the built environment industry.

2 THE APPRAISAL OF A LIGHTING DESIGN IN A BUILDING

2.1 IDENTIFY THE USE OR PURPOSE OF THE INTERIOR
SPACE/BUILDING

The main use of space at KFC is a restaurant dining

area, which accommodates indoor and outdoor
dining spaces. Their main specialty, which continues
to draw customers to them, is their uniquely cooked
KFC chicken. The spatial design consist of two main
spatial zones for Consumer users with the kitchen
and counter serving solely company personal. Upon
entry

2.2 WHAT WERE THE LIGHTING OBJECTIVES OF THE

DESIGNER?

The lighting objectives of the designer were divided

into two main categories. These objectives were the
aesthetic objectives and illumination of interior
space for movement. Angled view from seating area

The designer used various lamps and luminaires to create an emotional effect and provided different
spatial effects for the users. The space is illuminated primarily to provide light for the task of eating
however, due to the low requirements of users to have a ‘fine-dining’ experience the lighting
provided is adequate. The lighting used renders the interior space to match with the brand of a fast
food restaurant giving off an air light-heartedness and leisure more than a serious undertone. The
aim was to have a lively environment combined with the large window on the Sun Facing Façade.

The colour appearance of light is mixed as different tasks do occur in the space. All spaces that cater
to the kitchen staff and office have a colder tone suggesting use of lights with a higher Kelvins that
provide a daylight effect.

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2.3 DO THE LIGHTING EFFECTS CREATED ACHIEVE THE OBJECTIVES DEFINED ABOVE?

Yes they do as there is adequate light for tasks and a mood is created should one require to sit in.
The colours complement the Colour palette of the
room combined with the warm tones of timber
seating and the red brand colour of furniture.

2.4 WOULD YOU HAVE DEFINED DIFFERENT

LIGHTING OBJECTIVES FOR THE SPACE AND/OR
WOULD YOU HAVE SPECIFIED DIFFERENT LIGHTING
EFFECTS TO ACHIEVE THE OBJECTIVES?

I would not as I feel that the lighting used is

appropriate for the given environment. Should they
require providing a more prestige dining experience
then the lighting would require a redesign with use
of more downlights in the seating areas.

2.5 IS THE CHOICE OF LIGHT FIXTURES SUCCESSFUL?

WHY?

Yes, I believe it is as they focus light downwards

towards the varies working planes inside the space.
The fixtures also complement the identity of the
restaurant. Space going onto Counter area

2.6 HAS ENOUGH LIGHT BEEN PROVIDED? QUALIFY

Due to the space only being used during the day the lighting is adequate however, in conditions of
overcast weather the lighting does struggle
to achieve its intended use especially
towards the curtain wall.

2.7 ARE THE COLOUR APPEARANCE AND

COLOUR RENDERING OF THE CHOSEN LAMPS
SATISFACTORY?

The Colour appearance is just above

satisfactory.

2.8 DOES GLARE PRESENT A PROBLEM?

Glare does not present a problem as all

furniture has been strategically positioned
either parallel or away from the curtain wall
allowing in daylighting. Sitting and Eating Area Rendering

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2.9 WHAT APPEARANCE HAS THE SPACE DURING DAYTIME?

The space is bright as you walk in further into the building but it is gloomy towards the entrance
when one is leaving the store. You get attracted towards the counter to see which could assist in
their sales.

2.10 OVERALL, DO YOU CONSIDER THE LIGHTING OF THE SPACE SUCCESSFUL? WHY?

I believe due to the commercial and economical reasons for the existence of the space the social
aspects have taken a back seat. That being said the space could do with improvements on quality of
light towards the entrance as there are seating areas where one struggles to see clearly.

Artwork seen upon entry

3 LIGHTING CALCULATIONS
Below are calculations for the Student Times Restaurant, that aid to determine a cost effective, and
energy efficient lighting design.

Scaling and measuring occurred to determine unavailable dimensions with an assumption that all
external cavity walls have a thickness of 270mm with internal wall thickness of 110mm.

Image 1 below shows the subdivision of restaurant. The required minimum illuminance values are
taken from the SANS 10114-1: Interior lighting Part 1: Artificial lighting of interiors document shown
in Table 1 below.

Information given:

• Ceiling reflectance = 0.7;

• Maintenance factor = 0.7;
• Wall reflectance = 0.3;
• Lamp lumen deterioration factor = 0.6;

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 • Ceiling height (varies – see plan);
• Deck dining = 3.2m
• Rest of Restaurant = 3m
• Table height = 0.7m;
• Bar height = 1.2m;
• All windows: Cill height = 1.2; Lintel height = 2.1m
• The external dining area is lit mainly by windows to illuminate the space in addition to
electric lighting

COLOUR KEY
Reception
Bar
Waiting
Area
Deck
Dining
Servery
Kitchen
Office
Main
Dining
Buffet
Bathroom

Space Function Light requirement and Minimum

appearance
Reception Room for welcoming Task lighting with 300
guests and manage lighting for dramatic
seating and bookings effect to create warm
welcoming space whilst
allowing tasks to
continue.
Waiting Area (taken as Area for people to sit Overall general 200
entrance hall) or stand waiting for illumination
assistance
Servery (taken as a self- An alcove space Task lighting 300
service counter) between dining room
and kitchen for the
collection of food

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 Bar Counter where drinks Task lighting. Direct light 200
and refreshments are in combination with
served suspended lighting to
cater for bar man and
customer.
Deck dining Outdoor dining area Intimate atmosphere 200
for customers for with task lighting and
eating and drinking background general
illumination to allow for
walking around tables
whilst focusing on food
and companions.
Assisted by natural day
lighting.
Kitchen Room for preparing Task lighting with 500
and cooking food background adequate
illumination.
Office (taken as General Room for Overall general 300
Work Area) administrative work illumination taking into
account possible glare if
VDU’s are used.
Main dining Main indoor dining Intimate atmosphere 200
area for customers with task lighting and
for eating and background general
drinking illumination to allow for
walking around tables
whilst focusing on food
and companions
Buffet Area used for self- Task lighting with 300
serving food or background adequate
displaying dishes illumination.
Bathrooms/ W/C Room for use of Overall general 100
toilets and illumination
washbasins for
customers

3.1 CALCULATIONS
RECEPTION
Illuminated by 120W G529 / Daylight E40 lamp at 6000 lm in near spherical diffuser open beneath.
Space is to be illuminated to 500 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
6 x 6.9
=
(3.0−0.7) x (6+6.9)

= 1,395 approx. (taken as 1.5)

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Therefore UF = 0.46
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (6 x 6.9)
=
0.7 x 0,46 x 0,6
= 64285.714 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
64285.714
N =
6000
= 10.71
= say 12 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m

WAITING AREA
Illuminated by 140W G883 B22 Clear Globe Halogen at 3100 lm in aluminium industrial reflector.
Space is to be illuminated to 200 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(4 x 6.9)+(4 x 11.2)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (4+6.9+4+11.2)

= 1,206 approx. (taken as 1.25)

Therefore UF = 0.53
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x ((4 x 6.9)+(4 x 11.2))
=
0.7 x 0,53 x 0,6
= 97574.123 lumens
The required light fittings is N where

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 97574.123
N =
3100
= 31.4755
= say 32 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m

OFFICE
Illuminated BY 58W G526 Daylight G13 Fluorescent at 5000 lm in a recessed louvre. Space is to be
illuminated to 300 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(4.9 x 5.7)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (4.9+5.7)

= 1,1456 approx. (taken as 1.0)

Therefore UF = 0.36
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (4.9 x 5.7)
=
0.7 x 0,36 x 0,6
= 55416.6667 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
55416.6667
N =
5000
= 11.08333
= say 12 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

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Where S < 1.25 x Hm
= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m

KITCHEN
Illuminated BY 58W G526 Daylight G13 Fluorescent at 5000 lm in a recessed louvre. Space is to be
illuminated to 300 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(9.8x2)+(1.7x6.6)+(2.0x5.4)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (9.8+2+1.7+6.6+2+5.4)

= 0.658 approx. (taken as 0.6)

Therefore UF = 0.25
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x ((9.8x2)+(1.7x6.6)+(2x5.4))
=
0.7 x 0,25 x 0,6
= 118914.2857 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
118914.2857
N =
5000
= 23.78285714
= say 24 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m
BAR
Illuminated by 120W G529 / Daylight E40 lamp at 6000 lm in aluminium industrial reflector. Space is
to be illuminated to 200 lux.

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 L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(11.2x3)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (11.2+3)

= 1.02 approx. (taken as 1.0)

Therefore UF = 0.49
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (11.2x3)
=
0.7 x 0,49 x 0,6
= 48979.59184 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
48979.59184
N =
6000
= 8.163265306
= say 10 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m

MAIN DINING
Illuminated by 140W G883 B22 Clear Globe Halogen at 3100 lm in near spherical diffuser. Space is to
be illuminated to 200 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(12.1x9.5)+(2.9x5.3)+(6.9x5.3)+(8.4x1.5)+(8.3x7.2)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (67.4)

= 1,54 approx. (taken as 1.5)

Therefore UF = 0.46

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The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (239.25)
=
0.7 x 0,46 x 0,6
= 371506.2112 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
371506.2112
N =
3100
= 119.840
= say 120 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m

SERVERY
Illuminated by 120W G529 / Daylight E40 lamp at 6000 lm in in near spherical diffuser open beneath.
Space is to be illuminated to 300 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(1.7x3.2)+(2.0x4.4)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (1.7+3.2+2+4.4)

= 0.547 approx. (taken as 0.6)

Therefore UF = 0.22
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (14.24)
=
0.7 x 0,22 x 0,6
= 46233.76623 lumens
The required light fittings is N where

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 46233.76623
N =
6000
= 7.705
= say 8 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m
BATHROOMS
Illuminated BY 58W G526 Daylight G13 Fluorescent at 5000 lm in a recessed louvre. Space is to be
illuminated to 100 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(7.1x5.7)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (7.1+5.7)

= 1,3746 approx. (taken as 1.5)

Therefore UF = 0.41
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (7.1x5.7)
=
0.7 x 0,41 x 0,6
= 70505.22648 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
70505.22648
N =
5000
= 14.101
= say 16 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)

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 = 2.875m

BUFFETT
Illuminated by 120W G529 / Daylight E40 lamp at 6000 lm in aluminium industrial reflector. Space is
to be illuminated to 300 lux.
L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
5.4x1.2
=
(3.0−0.7) x (5.4+1.2)

= 0.4268 approx. (taken as 0.6)

Therefore UF = 0.36
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
300 x (5.4x1.2)
=
0.7 x 0,36 x 0,6
= 12857.14286 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
12857.14286
N =
6000
= 2.1428
= say 2 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m
DECK DINING
Illuminated by 140W G883 B22 Clear Globe Halogen at 3100 lm in aluminium industrial reflector.
Space is to be illuminated to 200 lux.

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 L×W
Room Index =
Hm (L+W)
(18.2x9)
=
(3.0−0.7) x (18.2+9)

= 2.618 approx. (taken as 3.0)

Therefore UF = 0.66
The total Flux to be installed is F where
𝐸𝐸 ×𝐴𝐴
F =
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ×𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈 ×𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
200 x (18.2x9)
=
0.7 x 0,66 x 0,6
= 118181.8182 lumens
The required light fittings is N where
118181.8182
N =
3100
= 38.1231
= say 40 lamps (for uniformity)
Assuming that the max spacing to height ratio is 1.25
S
Therefore = = 1.25
Hm

Where S < 1.25 x Hm

= 1.25 x (3 – 0.7)
= 2.875m

3.2 ELECTRICAL LIGHTING REQUIRED

NUMBER OF NUMBER OF
LIGHTING TYPE LAMPS UNIT COST FITTINGS COST
REQUIRED REQUIRED
192 R75 Aluminium (72 x
140W G883 B22
Industrial R395.37)+(120xR169)
Clear Globe
Reflector (72)
Halogen at 3100
Near Spherical
lm
Diffuser (120)
120W G529 / 32 R536.13 Aluminium (12 x R395.37) + (20
Daylight E40 Industrial Diffuser x R169)
Compact (12)

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 Fluorescent lamp Near Spherical
at 6000 lm Diffuser (20)
58W G526 52 R55 Recessed Louvre R11674
Daylight G13 (26)
Fluorescent at
5000 lm

We will compare it to a standard 100-Watt incandescent bulb running 12 hours a day over a 365-day
period at an electrical price of R1.25 per KWH, to calculate the performance of the lighting design.

100 watt incandescent bulb unit cost =R59.99

3.3 COMPARISON ANALYSIS

HALOGEN VS INCADESCENT

HALOGEN INCADESCENT
Watts 140 100
Single Unit Cost R75 R59.99
Number Of Lamps 192
Running Time Per Day 12
Operational Days 365
Cost Of Energy / Kwhrs R1.25

CALCULATIONS

ELECTRIC COST HALOGEN INCADESCENT

Eletcircal Load of Lamp(s) 26880 19200
Running Time Per Year in 4380 4380
Hours
Energy Consumed per Year 117734.4 84096
(KwHrs)
Electrical Demand Saving 0 33638.4
(KwHrs)
Total Cost of Energy (per year) R147 168.00 R105 120.00
Savings Electrical (per year) R0.00 R42 048.00
CAPITAL HALOGEN INCADESCENT
REQUIREMENTS
Purchase Cost R14 400 R11 518.08

From the analysis above, it can be seen that the Halogen costs more than the Incandescent with an
electrical saving cost difference of R42 048.00 if the choice to use the Incandescent is taken. The
Incandescent also costs less to purchase with a difference of R2881.92, therefore it is more cost and
energy efficient to use for lighting.

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COMPACT FLUORESCENT VS INCADESCENT

COMPACT INCADESCENT
FLUORESCENT
Watts 120 100
Single Unit Cost R536.13 R59.99
Number of lamps 32
Running Time Per Day 12
Operational Days 365
Cost of Energy / KwHrs R1.25
CALCULATIONS

ELECTRIC COST COMPACT INCADESCENT

FLUORESCENT
Eletcircal Load of Lamp(s) 3840 3200

Running Time Per Year in 4380 4380

Hours
Energy Consumed per Year 16819.2 14016
(KwHrs)
Electrical Demand Saving 0 2803.2
(KwHrs)
Total Cost of Energy (per year) R21 024 R17 520
Savings Electrical (per year) R0.00 R3504
CAPITAL COMPACT INCADESCENT
REQUIREMENTS FLUORESCENT
Purchase Cost R17 156.16 R1919.68

From the analysis above, it can be seen that the Compact Fluorescent costs more than the
Incandescent with an electrical saving cost difference of R3504 if the choice to use the Incandescent
is taken. The Incandescent also costs extremely less to purchase with a difference of R15 236.48,
therefore it is more cost and energy efficient to use for lighting.

FLUORESCENT VS INCADESCENT

FLUORESCENT INCADESCENT
Watts 58 100
Single Unit Cost R55 R59.99
Number of lamps 52
Running Time Per Day 12
Operational Days 365
Cost of Energy / KwHrs R1.25
CALCULATIONS

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 ELECTRIC COST FLUORESCENT INCADESCENT
Eletcircal Load of Lamp(s) 3016 5200

Running Time Per Year in 4380 4380

Hours
Energy Consumed per Year 13210.08 22776
(KwHrs)
Electrical Demand Saving 9565.92 0
(KwHrs)
Total Cost of Energy (per year) R16 512.6 R28 470
Savings Electrical (per year) R11 957.4 R0.00
CAPITAL
FLUORESCENT INCADESCENT
REQUIREMENTS
Purchase Cost R2860 R3119.48

From the analysis above, it can be seen that the Fluorescent Lamp costs less than the Incandescent
with an electrical saving cost difference of R11 957.4. The Fluorescent also costs less to purchase
with a difference of R259.48, therefore it is more cost and energy efficient to use for lighting.

3.4 NATURAL DAYLIGHTING THROUGH WINDOWS OF DECK DINING AREA

There is a lack of sufficient information to perform a comprehensive quantitative analysis however;
there is enough information present for a qualitative approach.

Firstly, the North facing orientation of the windows assists in maximizing the amount of natural
daylight entering through the fenestrations.

The large size, shape, and use of several windows maximizes the amount of natural daylight
admission.

The one factor that would reduce this would be the glazing type used therefore; in my opinion, the
windows allow an adequate amount of sunlight into the Deck Dining Area. The conditions within
which electrical lighting is to be used would be when it is either overcast or during rainfall, which
reduces the illumination levels below the minimum, required of 200 lumens.

4. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, there will need to be drastic changes to the lighting preliminarily chosen for the
Student Times Restaurant Design. These changes will of course affect the preliminary conceptual
design for the Restaurant.

Such spaces for leisure and entertainment require atmospheres to be created and cultivated and the
level and quality of illumination plays a large factor in how a space presents itself to the customer.
To both be cost effective and energy efficient, I suggest not fully substituting for the incandescent
lamps in the Main Dining areas and Kitchen where light plays the biggest factor in the quality of
space.

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5. REFERENCES

1. Definition of SERVERY. (2020). Retrieved 30 November 2020, from https://www.merriam-

webster.com/dictionary/servery
2. Eurolux T8 Fluorescent Globe - Cool White (58w). (2020). Retrieved 1 December 2020, from
https://www.builders.co.za/Lighting/Globes-%26-Bulbs/Fluorescent/Eurolux-T8-Fluorescent-
Globe---Cool-White-(58w)/p/000000000000210531
3. 120W 230V E40 Daylight 6500K Fluorescent Lamp. (2020). Retrieved 1 December 2020,
from https://www.stepbuildingsupplies.co.za/products/120w-230v-e40-daylight-6500k-
fluorescent-
lamp?variant=34220418826371&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=google&utm_campaign=Go
ogle%20Shopping

Lamps used for cost and values in calculations below.

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