EXTRA EXERCISES CHAPTER 2

1. Find the instantaneous velocities of a particle in the

displacement plot below at
a) 0.5 s
b) 2.0 s
c) 3.0 s
d) 4.5 s

[4 ms-1; –4 ms-1; 0; 2 ms-1]

2. A record of travel along a straight path is as follows.

1. Start from rest with constant acceleration of 2.8 ms-2 for 15.0 s
2. Constant velocity for the next 2.0 min
3. Constant negative acceleration –3.6 ms-2 for 10.0 s

a) What were the averages speeds each stage 1, 2, and 3 of the trip.
b) What is the average speed for the whole trip?
c) What was the total displacement for the complete trip?
d) Sketch the velocity-time graph for the whole trip.
[21.0 ms-1, 42.0 ms-1, 24.0 ms-1; 38.6 ms-1; 5,595 m]

3. A ball bearing is tossed vertically upwards. It reaches a maximum height and returns to its initial
position. Sketch the
a) displacement-time graph.
b) velocity-time graph.

4. A motorcyclist heading east through a small town accelerates at a constant 4.0 m/s2 after he
leaves the city limits (Fig. 2.1). At time t = 0 he is 5.0 m east of the city-limits signpost while he
moves east at 15 m/s.

FIGURE 2.1

a) Find his position and velocity at t = 2.0 s. [43 m east of the city-limits signpost]
b) Where is he when his speed is 25 m/s? [55 m east of the city-limits signpost]

5. You throw a ball vertically upward from the roof of a tall building. The ball leaves your hand at a
point even with the roof railing with an upward speed of 15.0 m/s; the ball is then in free fall. On
its way back down, it just misses the railing. Find
a) the ball’s position and velocity 1.00 s and 4.00 s after leaving your hand,
[10.10 m, 5.19 m/s, –18.48 m, –24.24 m/s]
 b) the ball’s velocity when it is 5.00 m above the railing, [11.26 m/s]
c) the maximum height reached, [11.47 m]
d) the ball’s acceleration when it is at its maximum height. [–9.81 ms-2]

6. A 15-kg rock is dropped from rest on the earth and reaches the ground in 1.75 s. When it is
dropped from the same height on Saturn’s satellite Enceladus, the rock reaches the ground in
18.6 s. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Enceladus? [–0.09 ms-2]

7. At a certain instant, a ball is thrown downward with a velocity of 8.0 m/s. from a height of 40 m.
At the same instant, another ball is thrown upward from ground level directly in line with the
first ball with a velocity of 12 m/s. Find
a) the time when the ball collide, and [2 s]
b) the height at which they collide. [4.36 m from the ground]

8. A motorcycle stunt rider rides off the edge of a cliff. Just at the edge his velocity is horizontal, with
magnitude 9.0 m/s. After 0.50 s it leaves the edge of the cliff, find
a) the motorcycle’s position, distance from the edge of the cliff, and [4.67 m]
b) the velocity of the motorcycle at this position. [10.25 m/s, 29° below x-axis]

9. A physics book slides off a horizontal tabletop with a speed of 1.40 m/s. It strikes the floor in
0.320 s. Ignore air resistance. Find
a) the height of the tabletop above the floor, [0.50 m above the floor]
b) the horizontal distance from the edge of the table to the point where the book strikes the
floor, [0.45 m]
c) the horizontal and vertical components of the book’s velocity, and the magnitude and
direction of its velocity, just before the book reaches the floor.
[1.4 m/s, –3.14 m/s, 3.44 m/s, 66° below x-axis]

10. A grasshopper leaps into the air from the edge of a vertical cliff, as shown in Fig. 2.2.

FIGURE 2.2
Find
a) the initial speed of the grasshopper and [1.50 m/s]
b) the height of the cliff. [4.67 m]
11. A daring 510-N swimmer dives off a cliff with a running horizontal leap, as shown in Fig. 2.3. What
must her minimum speed be just as she leaves the top of the cliff so that she will miss the ledge
at the bottom, which is 1.75 m wide and 9.00 m below the top of the cliff? [1.30 m/s]

FIGURE 2.3
12. In a carnival booth, you can win a stuffed giraffe if you toss a quarter into a small dish. The dish
is on a shelf above the point where the quarter leaves your hand and is a horizontal distance of
2.1 m from this point (Fig. 2.4). If you toss the coin with a velocity of 6.4 m/s at an angle of 60°
above the horizontal, the coin will land in the dish. Ignore air resistance.

FIGURE 2.4

a) What is the height of the shelf above the point where the quarter leaves your hand?
b) What is the vertical component of the velocity of the quarter just before it lands in the dish?
[1.52 m, 0.93 m/s downward]
 STRUCTURE QUESTION

1. (a) State the difference between distance and displacement. [2 marks]

(b) Mr. Hyde are on the roof of the building, 46.0 m above the ground. [3 marks]
Dr. Jekyll, who is 1.80 m tall, is walking alongside the building at a
constant speed of 1.20 m/s. If Mr. Hyde wish to drop an egg on Dr.
Jekyll’s head, where should Dr. Jekyll be when he release the egg?
Assume that the egg is in free fall.

(c) The airplane flies horizontally with constant speed of 260 m/h at an [5 marks]
altitude of 550 m. The positive x and y directions are defined in the
figure. For all parts, assume that the "island" refers to the point at a
distance D from the point at which the package is released, as shown
in the Fig. 2.5. Ignore the height of this point above sea level.

FIGURE 2.5
i. After a package is ejected from the plane, how long will it take
for it to reach sea level from the time it is ejected? Assume that
the package, like the plane, has an initial velocity of 260m/h in
the horizontal direction. (Neglects air resistance)
ii. What is the speed of the package when it hits the ground?

ANS: (b) 3.6 m (c) 10.59 s, 103.89 m/s