Alex. J. Agric. Res. Vol. 60, No. 2, Pp. 291 315, 2015 (Arabic)

‫‪Alex. J. Agric. Res.‬‬ ‫)‪Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.
291‐315, 2015 (Arabic‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻏﻁﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺁﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻨﺠﺩﻩ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﻤﺎﻀﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺨﺼﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ‪ -‬ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻭل‪٢٠١٥/٨/٢ :‬‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪٢٠١٥/٦/٢١ :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬
‫ﺘﻘﺎﺱ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺘﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻘﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﻓﺎﺀ ﺒﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﻀﻐﺎﻁ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ‬
‫ﻭﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀﻫﺎ ﻭﺘﻼﻤﺱ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻯ ﻭﺘﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺘﺴﺒﺏ ﻟﻪ ﻤﺸﺎﻜل ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻻﻨﻀﻐﺎﻁ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻤﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺒﻌﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺨﻭﺍﺼﻪ ﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺃﺩﺍﺀﻩ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻰ ﻟﻸﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻰ ﻭﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل ﺍﻟﺭﺩﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻤﺜل ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﺠﻭﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (١‬ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺏ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ‪ %٨١,٩‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (٤‬ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺏ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬
‫‪ %٨٠,٥‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻤﺘﺎﺯﺕ ﺒﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﻫﻭﺍﺀ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ ﻓﻬﻰ ﻻ ﺘﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻌﻤل‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (٣‬ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺏ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ‪ %٧١,٣‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (٢‬ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ‪ ،%٦٦,٦‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪ -‬ﺁﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻨﺜﻭﻯ ﺒﺎﻟﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻴﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻓـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺃﻯ ﺯﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻴﻬﻴﺅﻩ ﻟﻴﺒﺩﻭﺍ ﺃﺴﻔل ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒـﺱ ﺭﺸـﻴﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻟﻸﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻟـﺫﻯ ﺘﻠﻌﺒـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺠﺫﺍﺒﺎ ﻭﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴـﺔ ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻓﻰ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺍﻟـﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻻﻗﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﺠﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻓـﺎﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻋﻨـﺩ ﺍﺭﺘـﺩﺍﺌﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻁﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﺎل ﻭﺘﺘﺠﻪ ﺩﻭﻤﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜل ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺠﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻟﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻼﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘـﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺠﺫﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴﺔ ﺘﻀﻡ ﻓـﻰ ﺠﻭﻫﺭﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ـﺼﺎﺌﺹ‬
‫ـﺔ ﺍﻟﺨـ‬
‫ـﺱ ﻭﻤﻌﺭﻓـ‬
‫ـﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒـ‬
‫ـﺎ ﻫـ‬
‫ـﺼﻨﻊ ﻤﻨﻬـ‬
‫ﺘـ‬
‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻷﻨﻭﺜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﻬـﻰ ﻤﻠﻴﺌـﺔ ﺒﺄﺤﺎﺴـﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﺠﻤـﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺼﻑ ﺒﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻅﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺘﺸﻌﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻀﺎ ﻋـﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴﺔ ﺘﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺒﺄﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺌﻬﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻭﺭ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺠﺯﺀ ﻻ ﻴﺘﺠـﺯﺃ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬـﺭ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺎ ﺒﺄﻨﻬـﺎ "ﻗﻁـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻟﻌﺒﺕ ﺩﻭﺭﺍ ﻫﺎﻤﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻔـﺎﻅ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﺘﺭﺘﺩﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﺃﺴﻔل ﻤﻼﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻔـﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺨﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺯﻯ ﻓـﻰ ﺼـﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﺌﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺨﺭﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﺜﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻠﻰ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻰ‪ .‬ﻓﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺒﻤﺜﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜل ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻰ ﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ‬
‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻷﻨﺜﻭﻯ ﺒﺎﻟﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺠـﺴﻡ‬
‫‪٢٩١‬‬
‫)‪Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 291‐315, 2015(Arabic‬‬ ‫‪Alex. J. Agric. Res.‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﺍﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻓﻰ ﻋﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻭﺭ ﻭﺘﻬﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﻟﻴﺒﺩﻭﺍ‬
‫)‪(٤‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻤﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﻭﺇﺨﺭﺍﺠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻔل ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺭﺸﻴﻘﺎ ﻭﺠﺫﺍﺒﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻨﻘﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤـﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴـﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺩﻯ ﻤﻼﺌﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠـﺒﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴﺔ ﻷﺯﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺍﻟﻤـﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴـﺔ‬
‫‪،(٦‬‬ ‫)‪،٥‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺸﺨﺹ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺩﻯ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟـﺯﻯ ﻤﺜـل ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴـﻴﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻓﻬﻰ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﺒﻭﻅﺎﺌﻑ ﺃﻋـﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟـﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻤﺜـل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺩ ﻭﺘﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴـﻑ ﺒـﺎﻟﺠﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﻨﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻋﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﻟﻴﺩل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﻜﺄﻥ ﻴﺸﻌﺭ ﺒﺒﺭﻭﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺸﻌﺭﻴﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺒﻨـﻭﻉ ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺩﻯ ﺤﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﺃﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺴﻴﺱ ﻜﺭﺩ ﻓﻌل ﻻﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺱ)‪.(٧‬‬ ‫ﻓﻰ ﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺇﻋﻁـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻏﻁﺔ ﺒﺄﻨﻬـﺎ ﻤﻼﺒـﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻅﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼـﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﻌﻤل ﻀﻐﻁ ﺁﻟﻰ ﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﻘﺩﺭ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻟﻡ ﻴﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل‪ .‬ﻭﺘﺭﺠـﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻀﻐﻁ ﺃﻤﺎ ﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﺃﻭ ﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘـﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻭﻓﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺨﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫)‪(٨‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﺩ ﻭﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﹰﺎ ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻷﻏﺭﺍﺽ ﻁﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻰ ﺘﻌﻁﻰ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍ ﻴﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺼﻼﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺌﺩ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺭﻜـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺜﻘل ﻭﺯﻨﹰﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﻘﺒﺎﺽ ﻭﺍﻨﺒﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺘـﺩﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻴﺤـﺩﺙ ﺍﺤﺘﻜـﺎﻙ‬
‫)‪(٩‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟـﻀﺎﻏﻁﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺇﻋﺎﻗﺘﻬـﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻤﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻰ ﻓـﺈﻥ ﺸـﻌﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﻫﻰ ﻤﻨﻅﻭﺭ ﺤﺴﻰ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﺩ ﻴﺭﺠـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻴﻘﻴﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺞ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨـﺴﻴﺞ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﺘﺩﺍﺨﻠﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺘﺄﺭﺠﺢ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ ﻭﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻜـﺎﻙ ﺒـﻴﻥ‬
‫)‪(١٠‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﻭﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻰ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺘـﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻭ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻏﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻜـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﺍ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺩﻴﻨـﺎﻤﻴﻜﻰ ﻭﻤﻴﻜـﺎﻨﻴﻜﻰ‬
‫)‪(١١‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻭﺜﻘل ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺜﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻨﻪ ﺒﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺒـﻴﻥ ﺍﻟـﻀﻐﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺨـﻭﺍﺹ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤـﺔ ﻴـﺭﺘﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻴﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺒـﻤﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻫﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻨﻘﺒﺎﺽ ﻭﺘﻔﺘﺢ ﻤﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺹ ﻵﺨﺭ ﻨﻅﺭﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺭﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟـﺴﻴﻜﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻅـﺎﻡ ﻜﻠﻬـﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﺼـﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ ﺒﺭﺍﺤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺘﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼـﻴﺔ ﺘﺒﻌـﺎ ﻟﻨـﻭﻉ‬
‫)‪(١٢‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺌﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺜﺒﺘﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻭﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﻌﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻟﻴـﺎﻑ ﺍﻟـﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺘﺘﺩﺍﺨل ﻓﻰ ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻴﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘـﺸﻤل‬
‫ﻤﺜل ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻨﺩﻜﺱ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻋﺯﺯ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁﻴﺔ ﻓـﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺤﺠـﺯ ﺍﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺒﺎﻨﺩﻜﺱ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﻴﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﻁﺎﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻗﻼل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺴـﺘﺎﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻭﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺠﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺱ ﺍﻷﺼﻠﻰ ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻠﻤﺱ ﻭﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺵ ﻭﺘﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤـﺔ ﺒﻨـﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻨـﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻴـﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺱ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻭﻓﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫)‪(٣‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻟﻘﻁﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﻘﻠل ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁﻴﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻥ ﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(١٣‬‬
‫ﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺭﻥ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺌﻰ ﻟﻠﺸﻌﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁﺔ ﺒﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻤﺱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺃﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺸﻑ ﻋﻥ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬
‫‪٢٩٢‬‬
‫‪Alex. J. Agric. Res.‬‬ ‫)‪Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 291‐315, 2015 (Arabic‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻋـﺎﻟﻰ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻴـﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﺘﺸﻤل ﺜﻼﺙ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻤﻘﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﺒﺘﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﻴﺭﻜﺯ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟـﻀﻐﻁ‬
‫)‪(١٤‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺼل ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻗل ﻤﻘـﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴـﻴﻪ ﻭﻜـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﻡ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﺼﻨﻭﻋﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﻨﺴﻴﺠﻰ ﺫﻭ ﻏﺯل ﺭﻓﻴﻊ ﻭﻟﻪ ﻤﻁﺎﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻏﻁﺔ ﺘﻠﻌﺏ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺒﻰ ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻅﻬﺭ ﻀﻐﻁ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺘـﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺅﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﺔ ﺘﻭﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺌـﺩ ﻴـﺴﺒﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜـﺔ ﻭﻜـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺎﻜل ﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻺﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﺫﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻻﺒـﺩ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺜﻘﻠﻪ ﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻠﺔ ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﻓـﻰ ﺘـﺸﻜﻴل‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻤﻡ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﺫﺍ ﻓـﺈﻥ ﻫـﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﻩ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺃﺼـﺒﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻴﺩﺭﺱ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﻀﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒـﺱ‬
‫)‪(٢٠‬‬ ‫)‪(١٥‬‬
‫ﻨﺎﻋﻤﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﺒﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﺴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺭﺍﺤﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻰ ﻻﺒﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺠﻴـﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻴﻜـﻭ ﺘﺘﻤﻴـﺯ ﺒﺩﺭﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺭﺘﺩﻯ ﻭﻟـﻪ ﺨـﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻭﻨـﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴــﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴــﺔ ﻟﻠﻬــﻭﺍﺀ ﺘــﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺘﻠﻁﻴــﻑ‬
‫)‪(١٧، ١٦‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻠﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘـﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺒـﺴﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻴﻜﻭ ﺒﻌﺩﺓ ﻤﻤﻴـﺯﺍﺕ ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻴـﺙ‬
‫)‪(٢١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﻭﻨﻌﻭﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻤـﺱ ﺒﺎﻹﻀـﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺩﺭﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻟﺸﺩ ﻭﺘﺤﻭﻴﻠﻪ ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﺴـﺘﻁﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ )ﺨﻔﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻭﻴﺔ(‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻊ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺭﺠﻊ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻨﻌﻜﺎﺱ ﻟﻤـﺩﻯ ﻜﺜﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻜﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﺭﻴﻜﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤﺔ ﺘﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻹﺤﺴﺎﺱ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻀﺎﻋﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻤﺭﺘﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺄﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻴﻜﻭ ﻭﺇﻟـﻰ‬
‫)‪(٢٢‬‬ ‫)‪(١٨‬‬
‫ﺜﻼﺙ ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﺯﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺼﺭﺓ ﺨﻔﻴﻔﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﻴﺎ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﻌـﺎﻴﻴﺭ ﺩﺭﺠـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘـﻰ ﺘـﺸﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻭﻨﻅﺭﹰﺍ ﻷﻥ ﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ Boning‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻨﺩﻤﺠﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻴـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺅﻫﺎ ﻭﺘﻼﻤﺱ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻯ ﻟﻔﺘﺭﺍﺕ ﻁﻭﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﻘـﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻤﻌﻅﻤﻬﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺯﻭﺩﺓ ﺒﻜﻼﺒـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻤﺎ ﺒـﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺘﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺘﻐﻠﻕ ﺒﺯﻤﺎﻡ ﻤﻨﺯﻟﻕ‪ .‬ﺠﺎﺀ ﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺇﻟـﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻫـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺤﺼﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﺼـﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴـﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻭﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺘﺴﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻭﻓﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺩﺍﺕ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺽ ﻭﻗﻠﺔ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻻ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻀﻴﻘﺎ ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻅﺎﻡ ﺒﺄﻯ ﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻓﺈﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻤﺴﺎﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺘﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻻﺒﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﺠـﺴﻡ ﺒـﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺭ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻤﺢ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻭﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤـﺭﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫)‪(١٩‬‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺭﻭﺴﻴﻪ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘـﻭﺍﺀﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻴﺴﺒﺏ ﺒﺭﻭﺯﺍ ﻓـﻰ ﺍﻟﺤـﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟـﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻫﻰ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴـﺔ‬
‫)‪(٢٣‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﻭﻴﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﺃﻻ ﻴﻌﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﻴﻭﻋﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺘﻘﻴـﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻡ‬
‫‪٢٩٣‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺇﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻅﺭﺍ ﻟﻸﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟـﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟـﺫﻯ ﺘﻠﻌﺒـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺠﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﺘﺤﻤل ﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺃﻁـﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟـﺸﻌﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﺴﻭﻑ ﺘﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻤﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﻠل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻤﺘﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻭﺩﻴﻼﺕ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺅﻫﺎ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻴﻨﻜﻤﺵ )ﺭﺃﺴﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺎ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤـﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻁﺭﻴﻘـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺃﻭ ﻴﻔﻘﺩ ﻟﻭﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻰ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺍﺌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻤﻌﺩﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﻤﺸﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻁﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺭ‪ Panty girdle :‬ﺃﻭ ‪ pg‬ﻭﻫـﻭ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺼﺩﺃ‪ .‬ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺯﻭﺩ ﺒﺴﺎﻕ ﻗﺼﻴﺭ ﻭﻟﻪ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺸﺩ ﺸـﺎﻤل ﻭﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬
‫)‪(٢٧ ،٢٦‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﻌﺒﺘﻴﻪ ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫـﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺩ ﺒـﺴﻴﻁ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻫﻘﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻴﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻬـﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺸﺭﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁ ﻀﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﺤﺘﻤﺎل ﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬
‫ﺒﻁﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻡ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻫﻤﻠﺕ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻭﺍﻗﺏ ﻭﺨﻴﻤﺔ ﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻁﻭﺍﻨﻰ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺇﺭﻫﺎﻗﺎ ﻓﻰ ﻟـﺒﺱ‬
‫ﺘﻘﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻡ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻻ ﻴﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻨﻬـﺎ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﻴﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻭﻟﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺘﺸﻜل ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭ ﻭﺍﻟـﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫‪ .٢‬ﻤﺸﺩ ﺫﻭ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤـﺔ‪ Open bottom girdle :‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺼﻨﻊ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺸﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺅﺩﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤـﺴﺱ‬ ‫‪ OBG‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻤـﻥ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﺓ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺤﻤﺭﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩﻯ ﻷﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺸﻌﺒﺘﻴﻪ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﻴﻨـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻤﻬﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺘـﻭﻓﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﻴﺅﺨـﺫ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻤـﺅﺨﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺭﻁﺒﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻨﻤﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻴـﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﻜﺎﺜﺭﻫـﺎ ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻁ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺭﻴﺤﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻭﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻜﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺤﺘﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫‪ BSPG .٣‬ﺃﻭ ‪ Control berife‬ﻴﺘﻤﻴﺯ ﺒﺨﻔﺔ ﺍﻟـﻭﺯﻥ ﻭﺫﻭ‬
‫ﺘﻜﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﻴﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺯﺍﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻤﺱ ﻨﺎﻋﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺸـﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻫـﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﺎﻍ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻤـﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻤـﻭﺫﺠﻴﻥ ﻤﺭﺘﻔـﻊ ﺃﻭ ﻤـﻨﺨﻔﺽ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻤﺘﺼﺎﺼﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻤـﻥ ﺃﺴـﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺴﺎﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺩ ﻭﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺼﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﻟﻜﻰ‬ ‫‪ .٤‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ‪ all-in-one‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺤـﺩ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻴﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻭﺒﻤـﺭﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﻗـﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﻤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻴﺸﺒﻪ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﻊ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻻﺭﺘـﺩﺍﺀ ﻷﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺠل ﻁﻭﻴﻠـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬
‫)‪(٢٤ ،٢١‬‬
‫ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺠـﺴﻡ ﻨﺘﻴﺠـﺔ ﻟﻠـﻀﻐﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺤـﺭﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺴﻔل ﻭﺫﻭ ﻀﻐﻁ ﺃﻗل‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻼ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴـﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺃﺤـﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻰ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻤﻘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻤﺸﺩ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﺠﺴﺎﻡ ﺘﺘﺸﻜل ﺒﻁﺭﻕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺴـﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺘﻭﻗﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻏﻭﺏ‬
‫ﻴﻨﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻪ ﻤﺭﺓ ﺜﺎﻨﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﻴﺠﺏ‬
‫ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻭﺃﻻ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻀﻴﻕ ﺠـﺩﺍ‬
‫ﺠﺴﻡ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﺘﻪ )‪.(٢٨‬‬ ‫ﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻹﻋﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻭﻗﻑ ﻤﻘﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺩ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ "ﺃﻜﺒـﺭ ﺤﺠـﻡ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻯ ﺒﻁﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺠﺏ ﻤﺭﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﺴﻕ ﻻ ﻴﺤﺘـﺎﺝ ﻟـﻀﻐﻁ‬
‫ﺘﻨﻅﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻴﻅﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﺸﻜل ﺠﻤﻴل ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻕ ﻭﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻴﺠﺏ ﻋـﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐـﺔ ﻓـﻰ‬
‫)‪(٢٥‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻅﻬﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻻﺌﻘﺔ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﺭﺘﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻀﻴﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻭﻋﻰ ﻭﺍﻻﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺊ‬
‫‪٢٩٤‬‬
‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺱ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻟﺫﻯ ﺘﻌﺎﻨﻰ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﻋﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺘﻜﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺃﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺩﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﻭﺒﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﻤﺎ ﻤﺩﻯ ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫‪ .٢‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺅﺸﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﻓﻰ ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺭﺩﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺘﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻤﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻤﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻁﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬
‫ﺒﺈﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺯﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺸﻬﺭ ﺃﻜﺘﻭﺒﺭ ﻭﻨﻭﻓﻤﺒﺭ ﻭﺩﻴﺴﻤﺒﺭ ﻭﻴﻨﺎﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻭﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀﻩ ﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﻨﺎﻋﻡ ﻭﻤﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪.٢٠١٥ -٢٠١٤‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﺒﺠﺎﻨﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻤﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻴﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﺩﻋﻡ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺯل ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺒﺎﻹﺴﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﺭﻴﺢ ﻭﻟﺫﺍ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺘﺠﻨﺏ ﺃﻯ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬
‫ﻤﺅﺫﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻯ ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺸﻜﻴل‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫)‪(٣٠ ،٢٩‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻅﻴﻔﻰ ﺍﻷﻤﺜل ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺼﻔﺔ ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻬﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻰ ﺘﻨﺒﺜﻕ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺴﻤﺢ ﺒﺘﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺘﺤﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻴﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻰ ﻋﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻭﺭ‪ ...‬ﻭﺇﺨﻔﺎﺀ ﻋﻴﻭﺒﻪ ﻭﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻟﻴﺒﺩﻭ ﺘﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫)‪(٣١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻭﺏ ﺭﺸﻴﻘﺎ ﺠﻤﻴﻼ ﻭﺠﺫﺍﺒﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﻭﺘﻌﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﻫﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻓﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻟﻤﺭﺘﺩﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺸﻤل ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼل ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻌﻁﻰ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﺒﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻯ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺒﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫‪٢٩٥‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﻤﻌﻘﺩ ﻭﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ‬

‫‪ASTM D1777 - Standard Test Method for Thickness‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻤﻥ‬
‫‪of Textile Material‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺭﺍﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻀﺎ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﺘﺯﺍﻥ ﻓﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻰ ﻭﻨﻔﺴﻰ ﻭﺠﺴﻤﻰ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫)‪(٣٤، ٣٣ ، ٣٢‬‬
‫‪ASTM D3776 / D3776M - 09a Standard Test‬‬ ‫ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁﺔ ﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺭﺍﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ASTM D3776 - Standard Test Methods for Mass‬‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﻘل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻓﺊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩ ﻜﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬
‫‪Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric‬‬ ‫)‪(٣٥‬‬
‫ﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪ASTM D:1518 Standard Test Method for Thermal‬‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﻫﻭ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺘﺩﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻭﺩﻴﹰﺎ‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪Transmittance of Textile Materials‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ ﺘﺤﺕ ﻀﻐﻁ ﻤﻌﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺭﺍﻡ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺴﻁﺤﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺵ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁﺔ ﻻﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺸﻤل ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ASTM D3776 / D3776M - 09a Standard Test‬‬
‫‪Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺘﺼﺎل ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﺒﺠﺴﻡ‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺎﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺼـﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫)‪(٣٦‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺹ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ‪ :‬ﻫﻰ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻁﺭﻕ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫‪FMX-003TM Electrostatic Fieldmeter‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻯ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻷﻥ‬
‫‪ -١١‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻟﻸﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﻁﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺼـﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻴﺘﺒﺨﺭ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻫﺎﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(٣٦‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ASTM D‬‬ ‫‪737 - Standard Test Method for Air‬‬
‫‪Permeability of Textile Fabrics‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻴﺔ ‪:‬ﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻌﺒﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬
‫‪ -١٢‬ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻓﻘﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(٣٧‬‬
‫ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺎﺵ ﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼﻟﻪ‬
‫‪AATCC/ASTM Test Method TS-018.‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺜﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺠﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ‪ :‬ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻰ ﻟﻸﻟﻴﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ‬
‫ﺘﻡ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻰ ﻭﺍﻻﺤﺘـﺭﺍﻕ ﻟﻠﺘﻌـﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺌﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺤﺘﻭﺍﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁ ﺍﻟﺨـﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒـﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺠﺭﻴﺕ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻤﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺠﻰ ﻭﻓﻘ ﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ ‪ASTM-‬‬
‫)‪ (١٢٨٣٠٥,٢‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫‪.D1059‬‬
‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﻭﻓﻘـﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬
‫‪.ASTM-D1059‬‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٤‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻰ ﻭﺍﻻﺤﺘﺭﺍﻕ ﻟﻸﻗﻤﺸﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺎﺌﻰ ﻁﺒﻘـﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺼـﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ ‪.(2002-02-D 3597) ASTM‬‬
‫‪٢٩٦‬‬
‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١‬ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١‬ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺔ‬

‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ)ﺒﻭﺼﺔ (‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺒﻭﻟﻴﺴﺘﺭ ‪ %٤٠‬ﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪%٥٠‬‬ ‫ﺭﻴﺏ ‪٢ × ٢‬‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺠل‬ ‫‪١‬‬
‫‪٣١,٣‬‬ ‫‪٥٠,٧‬‬ ‫‪٥١,٣‬‬ ‫‪٥٨‬‬
‫‪ %١٠‬ﻟﻴﻜﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺭﺴﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻭﻟﻴﺴﺘﺭ ‪ %٥٠‬ﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪%٤٠‬‬ ‫ﺭﻴﺏ ‪٢ × ٢‬‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺠل‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪٣٢‬‬ ‫‪٢٣,٣‬‬ ‫‪٥٨‬‬ ‫‪٥٣,٣‬‬
‫‪ %١٠‬ﻟﻴﻜﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺭﺴﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻭﻟﻴﺴﺘﺭ ‪ %٥٠‬ﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪%٤٠‬‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺠل‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺠل‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٤٢,٣‬‬ ‫‪٢٦‬‬ ‫‪٧٨,٧‬‬ ‫‪٥٢,٣‬‬
‫‪ %١٠‬ﻟﻴﻜﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺭﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺭﺴﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻭﻟﻴﺴﺘﺭ ‪ %٦٠‬ﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫‪%٣٠‬‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺠل‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺠل‬ ‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٤٦,٣‬‬ ‫‪٤٨,٣‬‬ ‫‪٧٦,٧‬‬ ‫‪٧٩‬‬
‫‪ %١٠‬ﻟﻴﻜﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺭﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺭﺴﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٤‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ(ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺩﻭل)‪(٧‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻰ‬ ‫)‪(٢١,٨٥٤‬‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٥‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٨‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (١٠,١٣٣‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٨‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٦‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٦‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭ‬
‫‪٢٩٧‬‬
Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 291‐315, 2015(Arabic) Alex. J. Agric. Res.
٢٩٨
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ )ﻑ(‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٢٢٩٢٤,٧٥‬‬ ‫‪٦٨٧٧٤,٢٥‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪١٢٨٣٠٥,٢‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,١٧٩‬‬ ‫‪١,٤٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫* ﺩﺍل ﻋﻨﺩ ‪٠,٠٥‬‬ ‫** ﺩﺍل ﻋﻨﺩ ‪٠,٠١‬‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻨﺠﻭﻡ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٤‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬
‫‪٢٢٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٣٣٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١١٠,٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١٢٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢٠٩,٠‬‬ ‫‪٩٩,٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١٩٣‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٦٥,٠‬‬ ‫‪١٤٤,٠‬‬ ‫‪٣٤,٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫* دال ﻋﻨﺪ ‪٠٫٠٥‬‬ ‫** دال ﻋﻨﺪ ‪٠٫٠١‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪون ﻧﺠﻮم ﻏﻴﺮ دال‬
‫‪٣٥٠‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٢‬‬
‫‪٣٠٠‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٣‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٤‬‬
‫‪٢٥٠‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزن اﻟﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬

‫‪٢٠٠‬‬
‫‪١٥٠‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫‪٥٠‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪( ٤‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪( ٣‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪( ٢‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪( ١‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٢‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٥‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٣,٤١٠‬‬ ‫‪١٠,٢٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪١٠,١٣٣‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٣٧‬‬ ‫‪٢,٦٩٢‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٦‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬

‫‪٣,٤٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫*‬
‫‪٤,٧١‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٢٤‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫*‬
‫‪٢,١٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢,٦١‬‬ ‫‪١,٣٧‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫*‬ ‫*‬
‫‪٣,٤٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٣٦‬‬ ‫‪١,٢٥‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠١‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٧‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٦,٧٧٤‬‬ ‫‪٢٠,٣٢٣‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٢١,٨٥٤‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣١٠‬‬ ‫‪٢,٤٨٠‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٢٩٩‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٨‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬

‫‪٤,٥٢‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٦,٢٤‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٧٢‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٢,٧٤‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٣,٥٠‬‬ ‫‪١,٧٨‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٣,٥٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٨٣‬‬ ‫‪٢,٦٧‬‬ ‫‪٠,٩٥‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٠‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻭﺯﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻰ ﻻ ﺘﻤﺜل ﺜﻘﻼﹰ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ )ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻷﺤﺴﺎﺱ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﻫﺫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٩‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١١‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫)‪ (٩٣٥,٠٧٢‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫)‪ (١١٣,٠٨٨‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻓﻰ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻓﻰ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٠‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٢‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻦ واﻷرداف‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺼﺪر‬
‫‪٧‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻮزن‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪١‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٣‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻊ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٩‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٥٢‬‬ ‫‪٠,٧٥٦‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٩٣٥,٠٧٢‬‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٠٠‬‬ ‫‪٠,١٠‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٠‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫‪٠,٥٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٠,٨٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣١٧‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٠,٥٣‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٥٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٣٦‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٠,٦٤‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,١١٧‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٨١‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٣٠٠‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١١‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪١,٠٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٣,١٠٩‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪١١٣,٠٨٨‬‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٠٩‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٣٠‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٢‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫‪٠,٩١‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪١,٤٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٥٦٨‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١,١٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٧٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,١٩٢‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١,٦٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٤٩٩‬‬ ‫‪٠,١٢٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٦٩١‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (٤‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٢‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ )ﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (١‬ﻫﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ( ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٣‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ )ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫)‪ (٥٨,٥٠٣‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﻨﻅﺭﺍﹰ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ ﻨﺴﺠﻰ ‪ ٢×٢‬ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﻌﻁﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪(١٤‬‬
‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫‪١.٨‬‬
‫‪١.٦‬‬
‫‪١.٤‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬
‫‪١.٢‬‬
‫‪١.٠‬‬
‫‪٠.٨‬‬
‫‪٠.٦‬‬
‫‪٠.٤‬‬
‫‪٠.٢‬‬
‫‪٠.٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٤‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٣‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ)ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٥٨٠٠٢,٨‬‬ ‫‪١٧٤٠٠٨,٤‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٥٨,٥٠٣‬‬
‫‪١٦‬‬ ‫‪٩٩١,٤٥‬‬ ‫‪١٥٨٦٣,٢‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٣٠١‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٤‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬

‫‪٣٨٢,١٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٤٥٤,٨٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٧٢,٦٢٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫*‬
‫‪٣٣٤,١٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١٢٠,٦٤٠‬‬ ‫‪٤٨,٠٢‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٥٨١,٦٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢٤٧,٤٤‬‬ ‫‪١٢٦,٨٠٠‬‬ ‫‪١٩٩,٤٢٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ)ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٤‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (١٦‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٦‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ)ﻟﻸﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ( ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻷﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﺫ ﻴﺅﺩﻯ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻌﻁ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻥ ﺘﺘﻤﺯﻕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺘﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻁﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٥‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺭﺭﺓ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻥ ﺘﻨﻘﻁﻊ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫)‪ (١٧,١٥٥‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺘﺘﻤﺯﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٥‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪١٧٣٠٨,٢٥‬‬ ‫‪٥١٩٢٤,٧٥‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪١٧,١٥٥‬‬
‫‪١٦‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠٨,٩٢‬‬ ‫‪١٦١٤٢,٧‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٦‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫‪٤٧٦,١٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٤٧٧,٧٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٦٦٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٥٦٧,٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٨٩,٢٤٠‬‬ ‫‪٩٠,٩٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٥٨٨,٤٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢١,٤٠٠‬‬ ‫‪١١٠,٦٤٠‬‬ ‫‪١١٢,٣٠٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٩٠٠‬‬
‫‪٨٠٠‬‬
‫‪٧٠٠‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻗﻮة اﻷﻥﻔﺠﺎر‬
‫‪٦٠٠‬‬
‫‪٥٠٠‬‬
‫‪٤٠٠‬‬
‫‪٣٠٠‬‬
‫‪٢٠٠‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٥‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫‪٣٠٢‬‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٩‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬
‫)‪ (٤,٨٨٣‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ )‪،(٠,٠١‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (٤‬ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻼ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٠‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٧‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (٤٨,٩٩٥‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٠‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل‬
‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫)‪ (١٨‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (١٨‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺃﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻌﻁﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﻼﺌﻕ ﻭﻫﺫ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺠﻰ ﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢×٢‬ﺒﺎﻷﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (٦‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (١‬ﻫﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻭﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻨﺨﻔﻀﺕ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﻓﻀل‪.‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٧‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ )ﻑ(‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪١,٣٩٣‬‬ ‫‪٤,١٧٨‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٤٨,٩٩٥‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٢٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٢٧‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٨‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫‪٠,٥٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٢,٠٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٥٠٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٠,٧٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٣٠٠‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٠٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١,٤٣‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٦٦٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٦٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,٨٦٣‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٢.٥‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬
‫‪٢.٠‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪١.٥‬‬
‫‪١.٠‬‬
‫‪٠.٥‬‬
‫‪٠.٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٦‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫‪٣٠٣‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٩‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٢٦,١٥٦‬‬ ‫‪٧٨,٤٦٧‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٠,٠٠٧‬‬ ‫‪٤,٨٨٣‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٥,٣٥٧‬‬ ‫‪١٧١,٤١٣‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٠‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٤٢,١١‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫*‬
‫‪٤٤,٩٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢,٨٧‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٤١,٥٩‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٣,٣٩‬‬ ‫‪٠,٥٢‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫*‬ ‫*‬
‫‪٤٤,٥٥‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢,٩٥‬‬ ‫‪٠,٤٤‬‬ ‫‪٢,٤٣‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٢‬‬
‫‪٤٠‬‬
‫‪٣٥‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﻪ اﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﻪ‬

‫‪٣٠‬‬
‫‪٢٥‬‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫‪١٥‬‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٧‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢١‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬ ‫)‪ (٤٧,٨٦٩‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻴﻠﻴﻬـﺎ‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﻫﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺠﻰ ﺭﻴﺏ ‪ ٢×٢‬ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤـﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٢‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٢‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠـﻭﺩ ﻓـﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟـﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢١‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪١٣,٦١٥‬‬ ‫‪٤٠,٨٤٤‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٤٧,٨٦٩‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٨٤‬‬ ‫‪٢,٢٧٥‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٣٠٤‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٢‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬

‫‪٤١,٣٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٤٤,٠٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٢,٧٢٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٣٩,٠٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٥,٠١٧‬‬ ‫‪٢,٢٩٧‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٤٢,٢٢‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٣,٥٩٣‬‬ ‫‪١,٤٢٣‬‬ ‫‪١,٢٩٧‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘـﺼﺔ ﻨـﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٤‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠـﻭﺩ ﻓـﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺃﺴـﻭﺃ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨـﺎﺕ ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻴـﺙ ﻜﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠـﺴﻡ ﻜﻜـل ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺃﻥ ﺩﺭﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـﺼﺩﺭ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴـﻁ ‪ ٤٤,٠٨‬ﻫـﻰ ﺃﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬
‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻀﻐﻁ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨـﺎﺕ ﻭﻜـﺫﻟﻙ ﻨﻼﺤـﻅ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻴﻠﻴﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺘـﺼل ﺇﻟـﻰ ‪ ٤٩,٨٦‬ﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟـﺒﻁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁـﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘـﻰ ﻴﻤﻜـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻨﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻘﻭل ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺭﺘﺩﻴـﻪ ﻭﻫـﺫﺍ ﻴﺘﻔـﻕ ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻭﺒﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﺘﺼل ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ )‪ (Wang - 2014‬ﺍﻟﺫﻯ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻨـﺔ ﺒﺯﻴـﺎﺩﺓ ﻜﺜﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫‪ %٤٩,٨٦‬ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﻟﻴﺱ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘـﺼﺔ ﻭﻀـﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻀﻐﻁ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻓﻰ ﺠﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‪.(٣٨) .‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻜﻜل‪.‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٣‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ )ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٤١,٧٩٤‬‬ ‫‪١٢٥,٣٨٣‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪١٢٤,١١٦‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٣٧‬‬ ‫‪٢,٦٩٤‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٤‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ )ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫‪٤٢,٤٩‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٤٩,٨٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٧,٣٨‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٤٢,٨٦‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٧,٠١‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٧‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٤٨,١٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٥,٣٢‬‬ ‫‪١,٦٩‬‬ ‫‪٥,٦٩‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪٥٥‬‬
‫‪٥٠‬‬
‫‪٤٥‬‬
‫‪٤٠‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬
‫‪٣٥‬‬
‫‪٣٠‬‬
‫‪٢٥‬‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫‪١٥‬‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٨‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬
‫‪٣٠٥‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ)ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٥‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﻘﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٨‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٨‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪.‬‬
‫)ﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ( ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪ ،٠,٠١‬ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻰ ﺃﻗل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻫﻰ ﺃﻓﻀل‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٧‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺘﻼﻤﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﻟﻔﺘﺭﺍﺕ ﻁﻭﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬ ‫)‪ (٣٦٠٩,٣٠١‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻁﻭﺒﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٥‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪٠,٧٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪١,٢٣‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٥٣٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١,٣٠‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٧٠‬‬ ‫‪٠,٦٠٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١,٢٤‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٦٠‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠١٠‬‬ ‫‪٠,٥٤٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٦‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫*‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٣٥‬‬ ‫‪٠,٧٠٦‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٠,٠٢٩‬‬ ‫‪٥,١١٢‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٤٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,٣٦٨‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪١.٤‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫‪١.٢‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٣‬‬
‫‪١.٠‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺤﺮارى‬
‫‪٠.٨‬‬
‫‪٠.٦‬‬
‫‪٠.٤‬‬
‫‪٠.٢‬‬
‫‪٠.٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٩‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪٣٠٦‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٧‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٢٢٢,٩١٤‬‬ ‫‪٦٦٨,٧٤٣‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٣٦٠٩,٣٠١‬‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,٠٦٢‬‬ ‫‪٢,٢٢٣‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫* ﺩﺍل ﻋﻨﺩ ‪٠,٠٥‬‬ ‫** ﺩﺍل ﻋﻨﺩ ‪٠,٠١‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﻨﺠﻭﻡ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٨‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫‪٨,٠٢٣‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬
‫‪٦,٥٥‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١,٦٨٢‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٧,٠٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٥١٦‬‬ ‫‪١,١٦٦‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١٦,٦٢‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٩,٥٥٤‬‬ ‫‪١٠,٠٧٠‬‬ ‫‪٨,٣٨٨‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫)ﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ( ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ‪،٠,٠١‬‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٢٩‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫)‪ (٢٣٦١,٤٣٠‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ ،(٠,٠١‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (١٠‬ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻘﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ)ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﻀﻬﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ( ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪LSD‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل )‪ (٣٠‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣٠‬ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٩‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ )ﻑ(‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٢٦٩,٥١٧‬‬ ‫‪٨٠٨,٥٥٠‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫>‪٠,٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٢٣٦١,٤٣٠‬‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫‪٠,١١٤‬‬ ‫‪٤,١٠٩‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣٠‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫‪٤,٩٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬
‫**‬
‫‪٢,٨٩‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٢,٠٩٥‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٢‬‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪٣,٣٧‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٤٨٤‬‬ ‫‪١,٦١١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٣‬‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫‪١٣,٩٨‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪١٠,٦٠٣‬‬ ‫‪١١,٠٨٧‬‬ ‫‪٨,٩٩١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٤‬‬
‫‪١٨‬‬
‫‪١٦‬‬
‫‪١٤‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻥﻔﺎذیﺔ اﻟﻬﻮاء‬
‫‪١٢‬‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٠‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‬
‫‪٣٠٧‬‬
‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺸﻜل)‪ (١١‬ﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣١‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻜﻼ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫)‪ (٢,٢٤٤‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ )‪،(٠,٠١‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻨﻅﺭﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻭﻕ ﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﺍﺌﺩ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻡ ﻹﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺴﻤﻙ ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻗل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺩ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﻭﻴﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺄﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣٢‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﺭﺍﻜﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﻓﻰ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﺩﻡ‬
‫)‪ (٥,١١٢‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ )‪،(٠,٠١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣٢‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ)ﻑ( ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ)ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ( ﻭﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫)‪ (١,٨٦٢‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺇﺤﺼﺎﺌﻴﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ)‪،(٠,٠١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻭﺠﺩﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﺭﻭﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫)‪ (٣٣‬ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺫﻟﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺓ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣١‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٩٠٢‬‬ ‫‪٢,٧٠٥‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٠,١٦١‬‬ ‫‪٢,٢٤٤‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٤٠٢‬‬ ‫‪٣,٢١٦‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣٢‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٠,٥٣٨‬‬ ‫‪١,٦١٣‬‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٠,٢١٤‬‬ ‫‪١,٨٦٢‬‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٠,٢٨٩‬‬ ‫‪٢,٣١١‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٧‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻥﻔﺎذیﺔ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪١‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١١‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ )ﺠﻡ(‬
‫‪٣٠٨‬‬
Alex. J. Agric. Res. Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 291‐315, 2015 (Arabic)
٣٠٩
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺴﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﻲ ‪ ،P max‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣٤‬ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻁﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻁﺭﺩﻴﺎ ‪،‬ﻓﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬
‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬
‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺒﺘﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ)ـ( ﺒﺎﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻁﺭﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﺔ ‪،‬ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻭﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﺃﻗل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺴﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻫﻲ ‪P min‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺘﺤﻭﻴل ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻲ ﻗﻴﻡ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫=‪N‬‬ ‫‪੎100‬‬ ‫ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬
‫‪ =N‬ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ = P‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪Quality‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫‪ =P Max‬ﺃﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ assessment‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺃﺸﻜﺎل ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﺍﺭ ‪Radar Chart‬‬
‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬
‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻤﺜل ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻟﻜل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺘﻤﺜل‬
‫=‪N‬‬ ‫‪੎100‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ ﺃﻭﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ =N‬ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬
‫‪ =P‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻁﺭﺩﻴﺎ ﻓﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ)‪ (+‬ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺍﻥ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫‪ =P Max‬ﺃﻗل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﻁﻲ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ ‪،‬ﻭﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﺃﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣٤‬ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﻴﺭﺴﻭﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﻭﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗـﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘـﺼﺔ ﻭﺒـﺎﻗﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ‬
‫(‪Kgf cm‬ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ )‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ) ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ )ﺭ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ )ﺭ(‬
‫*‬ ‫**‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٦٦٨‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٧٨٨‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ ) ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫*‬ ‫**‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٥٥٨‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٧١٦‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫**‬ ‫**‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٨٥٥‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٨٣٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ ) ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫**‬ ‫*‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٨٧٤‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٦١٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ)ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫*‬ ‫*‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٦٥٤-‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٦٤٠-‬‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ) ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫*‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫*‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٦٣٨-‬‬ ‫‪٠,٦٧٠‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٢٩٧‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٢٢٩‬‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ) ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٢٩٨‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٢٠٨‬‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٣٧٦‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٢١٣-‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫**‬ ‫*‬
‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٧٣٠‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٦٨٥‬‬ ‫ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ ) ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٠٧٤‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺩﺍل‬ ‫‪٠,٢٢٣-‬‬ ‫ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬
‫** ﺩﺍل ﻋﻨﺩ ‪٠,٠١‬‬ ‫* ﺩﺍل ﻋﻨﺩ ‪٠,٠٥‬‬ ‫ﺭ‪ :‬ﻤﻌﺎﻤل ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ ﺒﺭﺴﻴﻭﻥ‬
‫‪٣١٠‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﻤﺜل ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ‪ ١‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ ٤‬ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﻴﺘﻡ ﺭﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻟﻜل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺤﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل ﺍﻟﺭﺩﺍﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻜل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺩﺭﺝ ﻜل ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺼﻔﺭ ﺇﻟﻲ ‪١٠٠‬‬
‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺘﻡ ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ‪Micro soft Excel‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻜﺎﻵﺘﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -٤‬ﺘﺤﺴﺏ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺃﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (١٢‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﻌﻁﻲ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺨﻭﺍﺹ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﻼل ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﻨﺎﺯﻟﻴﺎﹰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻀل ﺇﻟﻲ‬
‫)‪(٣٩‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ‪ %٩٨,٨‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻀﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺃ‪.‬‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺃﻗل ﺍﻨﻀﻐﺎﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺭﺘﺩﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺴﻤﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %٥٤,٥‬ﻴﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﺠﺩﻭل)‪ (٣٥‬ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﻭﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺠﻭﺩﺓ ‪ %١٠٠‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺩل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺍﺘﻀﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺘﺼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒل ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺠﻭﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %١٠٠‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺃﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻗل ﺨﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺏ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ)‪ (%٨٢,٩‬ﺜﻡ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻭﻟﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﻤﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻓﻬﻰ‬ ‫)‪ (٤‬ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ)‪ (%٨٠,٤‬ﺜﻡ‬
‫‪ %٤٧,٣‬ﻓﻬﻰ ﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ ﻭﻋﻥ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (٣‬ﻭﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %١٠٠‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺨﻭﺍﺹ )‪ (%٧٧,٤‬ﻭﺃﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (٢‬ﻭﻫﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺠﻔﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﻓﻴﻘﻠل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﺒﺄﻗل ﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻭﺙ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺘﻜﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺨﻭﺍﺹ )‪.(%٥٨,٦‬‬
‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣٥‬ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬
‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪٨٢,٩‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠,٠‬‬ ‫‪٤٧,٣‬‬ ‫‪٧٣,٤ ١٠٠,٠ ١٠٠,٠‬‬ ‫‪٨٧,٣‬‬ ‫‪٩٨,٨‬‬ ‫‪٥٦,٤‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬
‫‪٤‬‬ ‫‪٥٨,٦‬‬ ‫‪٨٥,٧‬‬ ‫‪٣٣,٨‬‬ ‫‪٧٩,٧ ٢٧,٤٢ ٥٦,٩١‬‬ ‫‪٥٤,٥‬‬ ‫‪٩٢,٥‬‬ ‫‪٣٨,٠‬‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٧٧,٤‬‬ ‫‪٩٧,٩‬‬ ‫‪٣٧,٣‬‬ ‫‪٧٧,٠ ٧٣,٩١ ٥٣,٨٥‬‬ ‫‪٧٨,٩ ١٠٠,٠ ١٠٠,٠‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬ ‫‪٨٠,٤‬‬ ‫‪٨٧,٣‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠,٠‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠,٠ ٣٩,٦٣ ٥٦,٤٥‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠,٠ ٩٣,٤‬‬ ‫‪٦٦,٣‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬
‫وزن اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪100‬‬
‫‪90‬‬
‫‪80‬‬
‫ﻥﻔﺎذیﺔ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫‪70‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻥﻔﺎذیﺔ اﻟﻬﻮاء‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬
‫ﻗﻮة اﻻﻥﻔﺠﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺤﺮاري‬
‫اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٢‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (١‬ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٣١١‬‬
‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (١٥‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (١٣‬ﺍﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ‪ %٨٠,٦‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺄﻗل ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻜل ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺓ ‪ %٥٨,٦‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﻗل ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻻﻨﺨﻔﺎﺽ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻤﻤﻴﺯﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل‬ ‫ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﺓ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻠل ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺨﻁﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﻕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻜل)‪ (١٤‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺏ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (١‬ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ‪ %٨١,٦‬ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻭﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ‪ %٧٧,٤‬ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻴﺒﻪ ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل‬
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ ﻓﻬﻰ ﻀﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻭﺭ ﺒﻌﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻕ ﻓﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﺎﺜﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻁﺭﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪100‬‬
‫‪90‬‬
‫‪80‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٣‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (٢‬ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫‪100‬‬
‫‪90‬‬
‫‪80‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٤‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (٣‬ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
‫‪٣١٢‬‬
100
90
80
‫ﻥﻔﺎذیﺔ ﺑﺨﺎر اﻟﻤﺎء‬ 70 ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬
60
50
40
30
20
10
‫ﻥﻔﺎذیﺔ اﻟﻬﻮاء‬ 0 ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬
‫( ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬٤) ‫ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ‬:١٥ ‫ﺸﻜل‬

‫ ﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻕ‬:(٢٠١٤) ‫ﻏﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺭﺍﺤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔـﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ ﻨﺒﺫﺓ‬:(٢٠١٤)‫ ﻨﺴﺭﻴﻥ ﻋﻭﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻴﺏ‬،‫ﺭﺍﻨﻴﺎ ﺴﻌﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻴﻔﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻼﺒـﺱ ﺍﻟﺠـﺎﻫﺯﺓ ﻓـﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺌﻴـﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺯﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻤﺩﻭﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬
http://kenanaonline.com/users/smooor/tags/337657 .http://nesree.blogspot.com/2014/10/blog-post.html
/downloads#http://kenanaonline.com/users/s
mooor/downloads/81418 Chik Shun Yi, (2013), ‘A Study Of Selection Of
Dias, T., Cooke, W., Fernando, A., Jayawarna, D. Textile Materials Used In Posture Correction
and Chaudhury, N.H. (2006), “Pressure Girdle For Adolescent With Early Scoliosis’,
garment”, US Patent, US7043329B2, USPTO, BA (Hons) Scheme in Fashion and Textiles,
Alexandria, VA. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
Macintyre, L. and Baird, M., (2006). Pressure ،‫ ﺨﺎﻟـﺩ ﺍﻟﺒـﺩﺭﻯ ﺨـﻀﺭﻯ‬،‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﺼﻁﻔﻰ‬
garments for use in the treatment of
hypertrophic scars—a review of the problems :(٢٠١٢) ‫ ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺍﺸـﺩ‬،‫ﻁﺎﺭﻕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﻭﺩ‬
associated with their use. Burns, 32(1), pp.10-
15. ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺯﺓ ﻟﺠﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴـﺔ‬
Crowley, J., (2001) The Invention of Comfort: ‫ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬
Johns Hopkins University Press.
You, F., Wang, J., M., Luo, Z., N., Li, Y., Zhang, http://kenanaonline.com/users/smooor/topics/1522
X., (2002) Garment's pressure sensation (2): 49/downloads?page=5#http://kenanaonline.co
the psychophysical mechanism for the m/users/smooor/downloads/81396
sensation. International Journal of Clothing Jun, Y., Park, C., H., Shim, H., Kang, T., J., (2009),
Science and Technology,,. 14(5): p. 317-327. ‘Thermal Comfort Properties of Wearing Caps
Chan, A., P., and Fan, J., (2002), ‘Effect of clothing from Various Textiles’, Textile Research
pressure on the tightness sensation of girdles’, Journal, 79, pp. 179-189.
International Journal of Clothing Science and ‫ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺘـﻭﻓﻴﺭ‬:(٢٠٠٤) ‫ﻏﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻋﻼ ﺒﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬
Technology, 14, 100–110.
Tsang Wai Hangtsang, (2013), ‘The Evaluation of ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺃﻗﻤـﺸﺔ ﻤﻼﺒـﺱ‬
Pressure And Comfort Of Girdles’, A Thesis
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the
،‫ ﻤﺠﻠـﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘـﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯﻟـﻰ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴـﺔ‬
Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of .(٥)‫ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬،(١٣)‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻭﻓﻴﺔ‬
Arts, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
Meng Xiang-ling, Zhang Wei-yuan, (2000), Julia, E., (1993), The Textile Institute, 58(8).
‘Progress of study on pressure comfort of
clothing’, Fashion Institute, Donghua
University, Shanghai, China.
٣١٣
Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 291‐315, 2015(Arabic) Alex. J. Agric. Res.
www.gugsingirdles.com/womensgirdles/1girdlestyle ‫ ﺨﺎﺼـﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴـﺔ‬:(٢٠٠٦) ‫ﻓﺎﻁﻤﺔ ﻜﻤﺎل ﻋﻨﺘﺭ ﺴـﺎﻟﻡ‬

s.htm
www.thestockingstore.com ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤـل‬
www.deliciouscorstes.com/care.htm /
‫ ﺭﺴـﺎﻟﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻹﺜﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬
www.eucosy.org/uk/corset/fabrics
www.costumebeginner.com/corsets/fabrics.htm .‫ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻭﻓﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯﻟﻰ‬،‫ﻤﺎﺠﺴﺘﻴﺭ‬
Watanuki, S., (1994). Improvements on a design of
girdle by using cardiac output and pressure :(٢٠١٤) ‫ ﻤﻨﺎ ﻤﻭﺴـﻰ ﻏﺎﻟـﺏ‬،‫ﺍﺒﺘﺴﺎﻡ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
sensation. Annals of Physiological ‫ﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺨـﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴـﺔ‬
Anthropology, 13(4), pp.157-165.
www.fathom.com/course/2170172/session2.htm/ ،‫ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻴﻜﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻼﺒﺱ‬
‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺜﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺭ ﻤﺭﺌﻴـﺔ‬:(١٩٩٦) ‫ﺘﺤﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻤل ﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬ .‫ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬،٥٩ ‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺩ‬،‫ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬
.‫ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬-‫ ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﺠﻠﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ‬-‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺯﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ ﺘﺤﺩﻴـﺩ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﻤﺜـل‬:(٢٠١١) ‫ﻤﻨﻰ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﻏﺎﻟـﺏ‬
Sultan, M., and Sheta, A., (1986), The assessment of
Comfort. J. Text. Inst, 77(3). ‫ﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ ﻤـﻥ ﺃﻗﻤـﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻴﻜـﻭ‬
Jwoa State University, University Extension (2003):
“Consumer Choices: Selecting Clothes for
‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﺴـﻜﻨﺩﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤـﻭﺙ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻭﺠﺔ‬
older people in your care’, July 2003. .‫ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻰ‬،٥٦ ‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬
Tarafdar, N., (1995), Man made textiles in India
“Selection of Apparel Clothing in relation ،‫ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺯ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤل‬،‫ﻋﺎﺩل ﺠﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺍﻭﻯ‬
garment comfort.
Bueche and Fredrick J. (1980): “Introduction to ‫ ﺘـﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﺨـﺘﻼﻑ‬:(٢٠١٢) ‫ﻤﺭﻭﺓ ﻴﺎﺴﻴﻥ ﺤﻠﻤـﻰ‬
physics for scientist’s engineer; 3rd edition,
New York.
‫ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﻜﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻨـﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤـﺔ ﻷﻗﻤـﺸﺔ‬
Kilinc-Balci, (2011), ‘Has stated the significance of ‫ﺘﺭﻴﻜﻭ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻤـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺨـﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟـﻭﻅﻴﻔﻰ‬
air permeability in comfort properties of
textile. Fabrics and elastic is included in this ‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴـﺔ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺩﺍﺕ‬
test, as they are closely contacted to wearer’s
body’. .٢٤ ‫ ﻋﺩﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬
Shinkle john.H,Textile Testing2ndEdition, 1972 . ‫ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻷﻗﻤـﺸﺔ‬:(٢٠١٤) ‫ﺍﺒﺘﺴﺎﻡ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺴﺎﻟﻡ‬
Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhao, M., Yu, M., Li, J.,
(2014), ‘Experimental Study of Clothing ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺸﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻨـﺴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻤـﻥ‬
Tactile Comfort Based on Electro-
neurophysiology’, FIBRES & TEXTILES in ‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺙ‬،‫ﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﻭﻋﻰ‬
Eastern Europe, Vol. 22, 4(106).
.‫ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬،٥٩ ‫ ﻤﺠﻠﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒـﺎﺕ‬:(٢٠٠٨)‫ﻤﻨﻰ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺤﺠﻰ‬ Yoshino, K., Kokatsu, M., Minari, Y., Yada, K.,
‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺴﺠﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻤﺤﻠﻴـﺎ ﻭﻗﻴـﺎﺱ‬ Deguchi, J., Hosoya, S., (2013), ‘A Study on
Clothing Functionality of the Gridle’.
‫ ﺭﺴـﺎﻟﺔ ﺩﻜﺘـﻭﺭﺍﻩ ﻜﻠﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴـﺔ‬- ‫ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ ﺃﺩﺍﺌﻬﺎ‬ www.girdle zone.org/encycola.htm
Bressler, K (2000): lingerie, Acentury of style
‫ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯﻟﻲ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺃﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻯ‬ published by the Apply press: london.
www.pasarelausa.net/pd_corset.cfm.
٣١٤
Study to Measure The Mechanical and Physical Specifications of

Tight Corsets on The Comfort Performance
Nagda Ibrahim Mahmoud Mady
Textile and Clothing, Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Alexandria University
ABSTRACT
Quality of clothes is measured according to its ability to fulfilling the requirements use Pressure comfort
is one of the most comfort elements for inner garments especially girdles that is tangential to the body and
press it to an extent that this compression affects the body with various problems. No doubt corset or girdles
are known to be used to reshape the body for atheistic targets especially the lower part giving it a soft appeal.
Four samples of corsets were chosen for laboratory tests in the National Center for Standers and
measurements in Cairo. Natural and Mechanical characteristics of each sample was measured to determine the
specifications, Quality and performance of each sample depending upon the objective assessment of the
fabrics used in fabricating corset. The research used the experimental approach, The assessments of the
samples was made by comparison between the different Radar parameters between samples that represents the
mechanical and physical that features the quality of each sample and its efficiency while using it .Results
cleared that the performance of corsets depends mainly upon the fabrics' specifications. One of the best
samples was the first sample that achieved average specifications (82.9%) it has thermal isolation and the
fabric doesn't emit electrical charges, followed by the 4th sample with average specifications (80.4 %) it has
high air permeability and high explosion force as the energy absorbed is moderate by achieving body
formation and comfort in the same time. Sample no.3 came with average specifications ( 77.4%) and lastely
sample no 2 at the 4th rank by average specifications (58.6%) because the absorbed energy is very high so it
compresses the body and it has a big thickness and weight which highly reshape the body but with less
comfort to the wearer .The study investigated that there is a negative relation between the absorbed energy of
the fabric and air permeability for water vapor, and the absorbed energy increases as the fabric explosion
increases.
٣١٥

Alex. J. Agric. Res. Vol. 60, No. 2, Pp. 291 315, 2015 (Arabic)

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Alex. J. Agric. Res. Vol. 60, No. 2, Pp. 291 315, 2015 (Arabic)

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‫‪Alex. J. Agric. Res.‬‬ ‫)‪Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.

291‐315, 2015 (Arabic‬‬

‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻟﺘﺄﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻏﻁﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻭل‪٢٠١٥/٨/٢ :‬‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻡ‪٢٠١٥/٦/٢١ :‬‬

‫ﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺩﻟﻴﻠﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﺃﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‪ -‬ﺁﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻨﺜﻭﻯ ﺒﺎﻟﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻴﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻓـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬

‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﻤﻌﻘﺩ ﻭﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ‬

‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١‬ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺔ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٣‬ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻴﻥ ﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫‪٣٥٠‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزن اﻟﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٢‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٦‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٨‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺯﻥ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺩﺍﻑ(‬

‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻦ واﻷرداف‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺼﺪر‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٣‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺒﻊ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻦ واﻷرداف‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺼﺪر‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٤‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻙ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :١٤‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻨﻔﺠﺎﺭ )ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ(‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٦‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﻪ اﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﻪ‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٧‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬

‫ﺠﺩﻭل ‪ :٢٢‬ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ LSD‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٨‬ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﺼﺔ‬

‫‪١.٤‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ )‪(١‬‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :٩‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻟﺨﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺯل ﺍﻟﺤﺭﺍﺭﻯ‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٠‬ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺀ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﻦ واﻷرداف‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺼﺪر‬

‫ﻗﻮة اﻻﻥﻔﺠﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺤﺮاري‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٢‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (١‬ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻗﻮة اﻻﻥﻔﺠﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺤﺮاري‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٣‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (٢‬ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻗﻮة اﻻﻥﻔﺠﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺤﺮاري‬

‫ﺸﻜل ‪ :١٤‬ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (٣‬ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻗﻮة اﻻﻥﻔﺠﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺤﺮاري‬

‫( ﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻭﺭﺴﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬٤) ‫ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ‬:١٥ ‫ﺸﻜل‬

www.gugsingirdles.com/womensgirdles/1girdlestyle ‫ ﺨﺎﺼـﻴﺔ ﻨﻔﺎﺫﻴـﺔ‬:(٢٠٠٦) ‫ﻓﺎﻁﻤﺔ ﻜﻤﺎل ﻋﻨﺘﺭ ﺴـﺎﻟﻡ‬

Study to Measure The Mechanical and Physical Specifications of

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