SATELLITE TOWN

HARIHARAN.N
5 TH YEAR , D SEC
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 A satellite town or satellite city is a concept in urban

planning that refers essentially to miniature
metropolitan area on the fringe of larger ones

CHARACTERISTICS :
 Satellite cities are small or medium-sized cities near
a large metropolis , that are
 Predate that metropolis ‘ suburban expansion.
 Are at least partially independent from that
metropolis economically and socially.
 Are physically separated from the metropolis by
rural territory .
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 Satellities cities should have their own independent urbanized area.

 Have their own bedroom communities.
 Have a traditional downtown surrounded by traditional “inner city” neighbourhoods.
 May are may not be counted as part of the large metropolis combined statistical area
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 The concept of satellite town was

introduced by Graham Romeyn Taylor in
1915 where factories were proposed to
move to satellites to relieve excessive
concentration of metropolis downtown.
 The idea of satellite town was derived
from the concept of garden city by
Ebenezer Howard. The practice of satellite
towns dated back to 18th century.
Initially, Satellite towns were residential
layout and dependent on parent city.
 These towns were called dormitory towns.
In Paris, Satellite town planning started in
1912 to 1920 within 16km of radius.
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 It seems the establishment of satellite town created

longer commuting needs and failed to decentralize
concentrated industries in downtown.
 Later the concept of decentralization was initiated by
Finnish architect Eliel Saarinen for satellite town
planning around Helsinki.
 The towns were equipped with some industries and
service facilities linked to urban downtown through
subways. Balancing the functions of living and
employment in satellite towns were realized.
 The purpose of greater London plan 1944 was to
redistribute London’s population and industry into new
satellite towns. The influential plan addressed the
problems of housing, transport, congestion which could
be solved through decentralization.
 In order to prevent overcrowding of central area,
London would be ringed around greenbelt and existing
population would be transferred to the new satellites
(Cherry 1988).
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 The influence of urban development concept in Paris and London

highly influenced Beijing planners to design satellite towns to
accommodate urban growth (Yan Xia Tang et al.2008 ).
 In 1993 a plan revealed to mitigate congestion in the city by
planning 14 satellite cities.
 The plan was resumed because of poor transportation
connectivity.
 In 2001 the city government started to invest in infrastructure by
building roads, bridges and subways.
 It was only few residents moved to satellites because of the
transportation problem prevailed.
 The hub grew slowly than anticipated.
 The policy factor proclaims that the satellite plan would have
been successful if the government assigned significant amount of
land for transportation system. (Heqian 2015).
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 Although job opportunities were the driving factor but the

provision of housing were relatively successful.
 Another important factor was the commuting mode of
transportation which has led to effective development over the
period of time.
 The development of the Satellite Town has created a
tremendous effect on the metropolitan region of Bombay.
 Business and finance have become the strong pull factor of
New Bombay along with government approval of commercial
and upper class residential activities.
 However, the development of Navi Mumbai symbolize
difficulties of a successful project but failed to consider
different interest group of people (Shaw 1995)
 .Overall, the ideology of Satellite Town of New Bombay has
created his own definite identity.
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Need For Satellite Town:

 Severe uncontrolled growth of urban population
 Problem in managing already over strained cities.
 Increase in the demand for infrastructure facilities and amenties.
 Land shortage , housing shortfall , inadequate transportation.
 Challenges in management of essential infrastructure like water supply ,
sewerage , drainage, solid waste disposal .
 Tremnedous stain on the delivery of services in major cities due to the
concentration of economic acyivities and population.
 Need for decentralization of activities so as to reduce the burden on these
cities.
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FEATURES :
 Satellite townships have their own local government and corporate life.
 They have all the necessary amenities and facilities present within their
limits except for a few purposes like employment and sometimes
education, they have to depend on the main city i.e. parent city
 Tranportation means such as buses , trains etc all connect the various
satellite townships to the main city so that travelling to the main city for
work is not an issue .
 It is free to decide its economic , social and cultural activites
 Satellite townships generally develop beyond the green belt of the city.
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 Setting up of industries is prohibited in satellite townships.

 It is not a resendential area having only local shops , school for children
,etc
 Zoning regulation are not an issue in the development of satellite
townships.
 These townships never become a rival to their parent city because their
size and development is restricted and controlled.
 Satellite townhsips are considered as a part of the market for some goods
and services that are produced in the parent city
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Example:
 The long-delayed Satellite Town Ring
Road (STRR) around Bangalore has
finally received a fresh lease of life
from the Central Government under
the Bharatmala Pariyojana and is
ready to become a reality. The 204
km-long expressway will not only
improve the inter-city connectivity
but would also decongest Bangalore
with the development of new
satellite towns alongside.
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Improved connectivity

 The development will ensure hassle-free inter-city

connectivity preventing the vehicles from entering the
busy routes of Bangalore. For instance, people
travelling from Ramanagara to Hoskote can directly
reach their destination via STRR sans entering
Bangalore. Besides, the development will also reduce
the travelling time between Hoskote and Dobbspet from
2.5 hours to 1.5 hours. Once the project is
commissioned, travellers can bypass Bangalore and
other satellite towns to head towards Dobbspet and
vice-versa directly.
 Besides smooth inter-city connectivity, the circular
development will significantly improve i ntra-city
connectivity, too. For instance, the educe the
travelling time from the prominent IT hubs of Whitefield
and Electronic City to Kempegowda International
Airport by 4-5 km.