Goodmorning, we are going to talk about the primary treatments that are commonly used in treating

cancer patients. WE HAVE THE SURGERY, RADIATION, AND THE CHEMOTHERAPY. THESE TREATMENTS
ARE ALSO AVAILABLE IN COMBINATION FOR TREATING CANCER PATIENTS. FOR EXAMPLE IS. IF THE
CLIENT IS HAVING A SURGERY OF A TUMOR, NEO ADJUVANT THERAPY FIRST IS DONE OR THE
RADIATION TO TRY AND SHRINK THE TUMOR DOWN FOR IT IS EASIER TO CUT DOWN BY SURGERY. AND
AFTER SURGERY AN ADJUVANT THERAPY, THE CHEMOTHEARPY DRUGS ARE USED TO PREVENT AND
KILLS THE OTHER OCCURING CANCER CELLS. LETS TALK ABOUT THESE TREATMENT 1 BY 1.

1ST. SURGERY

WE HAVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURGERY IT CAN BE FOR DIAGNOSNG CANCER BY OBTAINING A

BIOPSY, SURGERY FOR GRADING THE SEVERITY OF CANCER, AND ALSO SURGERY FOR REMOVING
COMPLETELY TUMORS OR THE CURATIVE SURGERY, IT CAN BE DONE IF THE LOCATION OF THE CANCER
IS IN A ONE PART OF THE BODY ONLY, BUT WHEN THE CANCER METASTASIZE ALREADY CURATIVE
SURGERY IS NO LONGER THE MAIN OPTION. SO IT IS APPLICABLE TO STAGE 1-3 WHERE CANCER CELLS
STILL NOT SPREADING TO OTHER PARTS. NEXT IS THE PALLIATIVE SURGERY. THE FOCUS OF THESE IS
NOT TREATING THE CANCER, IT FOCUSES IN IMPROVING THE QUALTY OF LIFE OF THE CLIENT BUT NOT
TREATING THE CANCER. FOR EXAMPLE. THE ESOPHAGUS IS NARROWED BY A TUMOR. A SURGERY WILL
BE DONE TO WIDEN THE ESOPHAGUS RELIEVING OBSTRUCTION.
Reconstructive surgery is different from cosmetic surgery. You may have cosmetic surgery to
look better or feel better about your appearance, but it is not needed for medical reasons.
Reconstructive surgery is done for medical reasons. FOR EXAMPLE BREAST REMOVAL, AND
IT CAN BE REPLACED BY AN ARTIFICIAL IMPLANT. lASTLY IS THE PREVENTIVE
SURGERY. THIS IS APPLICABLE TO CLIENTS WHO ARE AT HIGH RISK FOR CANCER.
FOR EXAMPLE BREAST CANCER. PREVENTIVE SURGERY IS THE REMOVAL OF THE
BREAST TO PREVENT THE OCCURRENCE OF CANCER.
2ND IS THE RADIATION THERAPY
THIS TREATMENT KILLS CANCERS BY INFLICTING DAMAGE TO THEIR DNA. WHEN THE
DNA IS DAMAGE THE CELLS CAN NO LONGER DIVIDE AND DIE. IT USES HIGH DOSES
OF RADIATION TO KILLS THE CANCER CELLS BUT ALSO SPARRING THE NEARBY
NORMAL TISSUES. IT IS DONE BY A MEDICAL EQUIPMENT CALLED MEDICAL
ACCELERATOR(COMULATOR) WHICH FOCUSES THE HIGH DOSES SPECIFICALLY TO
THE TUMOR. RADIATION THEARAPY CAN BE DONE OVER DAYS OR WEEKS TO ALLOW
THE BODY TO RECOVER BETWEEN TREATMENTS. SIDE EFFECTS OCCURS ONLY
DURING THE TREATMENT. SOME OF THESE ARE SKIN IRRITATION, LOCALIZED HAIR
LOSS,
3RD CHEMOTHERAPY
REFERS TO TREATMENTS THAT USES DRUGS TO KILL CANCER CELLS. CAN BE
USED ALONE OR TO BE MORE EFFECTIVE IT IS USED TOGETHER WITH RADIATION
AND SURGERY. ONE OF THE MAIN OPTION WHEN METASTASIS ALREADY OCCURS
WHERE SURGERY CANNOT BE AN OPTION FOR TREATMENT. BECAUSE MOST CHEMO
DRUGS WORKS SYSTEMICALLY, IT MEAANS THAT THE DRUGS TRAVEL THROUGH THE
VESSELS ATTACKING THESE FAST GROWING CELLS AND ATTACKS THEIR DNA TO
STOP THEM FROM PROLIFERATING. THE DISADVANTAGE OF THESE TREATMENT IS
THAT, IT DON’T RECOGNIZE FAST GROWING CANCER CELLS TO NORMAL FAST
GROWING CELLS WHICH MEANS IT ALSO DAMAGE NORMAL TISSUES. SOME OF
THESE NORMAL FAST GROWING CELLS ARE FROM INTESTINES, BONE MARROW AND
HAIR FOLLICLES. THAT’S WHY CLIENT THAT UNDERGO CHEMOTHERAPY
EXPERIENCES ALOPECIA, GI SYMPTOMS, AND WEAKENED IMMUNITY.
TYPES OF CHEMO DRUGS ARE

Alkylating agents keep the cell from reproducing (making copies of itself) by

damaging its DNA. These drugs work in all phases of the cell cycle and are
used to treat many different cancers, including cancers of the lung, breast,
and ovary as well as leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin disease, multiple
myeloma, and sarcoma.

Antimetabolites interfere with DNA and RNA by acting as a substitute for the

normal building blocks of RNA and DNA. When this happens, the DNA cannot
make copies of itself, and a cell cannot reproduce. They are commonly used
to treat leukemias, cancers of the breast, ovary, and the intestinal tract, as
well as other types of cancer.

Anti-tumor antibiotics
These drugs are not like the antibiotics used to treat infections. They work by
changing the DNA inside cancer cells to keep them from growing and
multiplying.

Corticosteroids, often simply called steroids, are natural hormones and

hormone-like drugs that are useful in the treatment of many types of cancer,
as well as other illnesses. When these drugs are used as part of cancer
treatment, they are considered chemotherapy drugs.