Types of

Speeches
According to
Purpose
 The four basic types of
speeches are used: to
inform, to instruct, to
entertain, and to persuade.
Expository/
Informative
Speech
This type is meant to inform, educate, and
enlighten the audience.
It explains processes, concepts, procedures or
methods.
In informative speech, the speaker’s intention to
inform the audience is often blended with his
desire for audience belief.
Some examples of speech to inform are
demonstrations, definitions, instructions,
reports, and lectures.
I Include plain and simple vocabularies.
N Never assume that audience knows what you
are talking about. REMEMBER
F Forget the use of abstraction and technical
terms. THESE
O Observe personalized experiences, stories, (Taken from the book
and examples. of Aquino, 2006)

R Relate the subject directly to the audience.

M Maintain audience interest by involving them in the

discussion of the subject matter so that they may see
its relevance to their life situations
Entertainment
Speech
The primary purpose of a speech to entertain is
to have the audience relax, smile and enjoy the
occasion. The speech should have a central
theme or a focus. A series of jokes will NOT
work well for this type of speech.
It aims to amuse and delight people
Offers lighter moments to people to make them
run away from the usual humdrums of everyday
life.
Speech writing checklist (Peterson 205)
Give a dramatic twist to normal issue
Perform dialogues and metaphors
Tell a personal experience and interrelate
humorous anecdote to the main theme
Give mocking comments on perfectly ordinary
things, persons, places, values or thoughts
Purpose of Entertaining Speech:
Crowd pleaser
Hold attention
 Enrich your speech with anecdotes, jokes, and stories relevant to
E the topic.

N Narrow down your topic into workable subtopics.

T Tie unity and coherence together. REMEMBER

E Enhance speaking skills completely.
THESE
R Replenish your style with wit and humor.
(Taken from the book
T Talk about ordinary people, places and events in an of Aquino, 2006)
extraordinary manner.

A Avoid the use of complicated ideas.

I Invent new scheme of using humor to clarify and

clinch the ideas being presented.
N Note the type of pleasure that your are going to use in
your speech.
Persuasive
Speech
A persuasive speech is a specific type
of speech in which the speaker has a
goal of convincing the audience to
accept his or her point of view.
The speech is arranged in such a way
as to hopefully cause the audience to
accept all or part of the expressed
view audience.
 Present the pieces of evidence based on facts.
P
E Enrich your speech with gestures, facial expressions and vivid

REMEMBER
examples or explanation.

R Remember that reliability and credibility are the key words to

THESE
stimulate the listener’s action.

S Sustain your listener’s interest with your practical

dynamism.
(Taken from the book
U Understand the beliefs, views and values, attitudes of
of Aquino, 2006)
your listeners.
A Adapt yourself to the listener’s psychological
environment.
D Develop a practical enthusiasm in your speech.

E Enhance your credibility with your own integrity,

virtue, competency, and trustworthiness.
Argumentative
Speech
 Argumentative speech is the first part of persuasive public speaking
 Argumentative speeches are often about hot topics, and they
encourage the audience to change their views or opinions on a topic.
 The speaker shows an obvious problem at the beginning of the
speech and then moves on to show proof of that problem and then
suggests a solution in the body.
 The conclusion sums up the speech's main idea and supporting
points and should leave the audience ready to make a decision based
on what they just heard.
 When delivering an argumentative speech, the speaker must be
careful to use facts rather than emotions to support the chosen
claim, and it's important to avoid bias.
TYPES OF APPEAL:
APPEAL TO REASON
 The argument should appeal to rational intellect by
finding a common ground to enable the audience to
fully understand the topics.
APPEAL TO EMOTION
 Argument should anticipate the ethical, religious,
social and political beliefs and feelings of the audience.
APPEAL TO CHARACTER
 Argument should appeal to the sense of right and
wrong, justice and fair play.
Inspirational
Speech
 It is a way to stir up people's higher-order values and plant positive
and valid ideals in life
 Inspirational speaker is a speaker who makes speeches intended to
motivate or inspire an audience.
 An Inspirational speech is written to persuade, or convince the
listeners, that they can succeed.
 This might involve relating optimistic and uplifting stories, or
anecdotes, based on faith or real life situations taken from the lives
of ordinary or famous people from history, sports, politics and the
Business world.
 The objective of an inspirational speech is to provide the listener with
the desire and confidence to pursue difficult goals to maximize their
own potential.
 The Main Elements
to Writing an
Inspirational Speech
The main elements to writing a successful and effective
Inspirational speech are to convey your credibility as a
speaker and your passion for the subject:

 Optimism - Instill optimism to make the audience believe

in what you are saying
 Achievable Objectives - Goals must be positive and the
audience must believe that they are achievable
 Passion - Convey the subject with enthusiasm, passion
and conviction to appeal to the emotions of the audience
 Confidence - Inspire the audience with a 'Can Do'
approach
Types of
Speeches
According to
Delivery
Manuscript
Method
Manuscript speaking is the word-for-word
iteration of a written message.
In a manuscript speech, the speaker maintains his
or her attention on the printed page except when
using visual aids.
The advantage to reading from a manuscript is the
exact repetition of original words.
In reading one word at a time, in order, the only
errors would typically be mispronunciation of a
word or stumbling over complex sentence
structure.
 However, there are costs involved in manuscript
speaking.
 First, it’s typically an uninteresting way to present.
 Unless the speaker has rehearsed the reading as a
complete performance animated with vocal expression
and gestures (as poets do in a poetry slam and actors do
in a reader’s theater), the presentation tends to be dull.
 Success in this medium depends on two factors: (1) the
speaker is already an accomplished public speaker who
has learned to use a conversational tone while delivering
a prepared script, and (2) the speech is written in a style
that sounds conversational.
 Memorized
Method
Every word of the speech is memorized.
No notes or papers are used.
 The advantage to memorization is that it enables the
speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience
throughout the speech.
 Being free of notes means that you can move freely
around the stage and use your hands to make gestures.
 However, there are some real and potential costs. First,
unless you also plan and memorize every vocal cue (the
subtle but meaningful variations in speech delivery,
which can include the use of pitch, tone, volume, and
pace), gesture, and facial expression, your presentation
will be flat and uninteresting, and even the most
fascinating topic will suffer.
You might end up speaking in a monotone or a
sing-song repetitive delivery pattern.
You might also present your speech in a rapid
“machine-gun” style that fails to emphasize the
most important points.
Second, if you lose your place and start trying to
ad lib, the contrast in your style of delivery will
alert your audience that something is wrong.
More frighteningly, if you go completely blank
during the presentation, it will be extremely
difficult to find your place and keep going.
Extemporaneous
Method
The speech is not written out, nor is it committed
to memory.
An outline is used to keep your carefully prepared
ideas in order, but you are free to choose on the
spot the words that you will use to voice those
ideas.
Speaking extemporaneously has some
advantages. It promotes the likelihood that you,
the speaker, will be perceived as knowledgeable
and credible. In addition, your audience is likely to
pay better attention to the message because it is
engaging both verbally and nonverbally.
The disadvantage of extemporaneous
speaking is that it requires a great deal
of preparation for both the verbal and
the nonverbal components of the
speech.
Adequate preparation cannot be
achieved the day before you’re
scheduled to speak.
Impromptu
Method
Impromptu means “not rehearsed.”
This type of delivery involves speaking
“off the cuff,” usually for a relatively
short time.
You have no time for preparation.
Impromptu speeches often occur when
someone is asked to “say a few words”
or give a toast on a special occasion.
Here is a step-by-step guide that may be useful if you are
called upon to give an impromptu speech in public.
 Take a moment to collect your thoughts and plan the
main point you want to make.
 Thank the person for inviting you to speak.
 Deliver your message, making your main point as briefly
as you can while still covering it adequately and at a pace
your listeners can follow.
 Thank the person again for the opportunity to speak.
 Stop talking.