Date: November 17, 2020

Problem Statement: Students in a chemistry class were overheard discussing the ascorbic acid
content of citrus fruits. One student suggested that lime would have a higher ascorbic acid
content than lemon and orange. Plan and design an experiment to test the truth of this claim.

Hypothesis: I believe that orange has a higher ascorbic acid content than lemon and lime.

Aim: I intend to prove that orange has a higher ascorbic content than lemon and lime.

Apparatus: Burette and stand, 100ml volumetric flask, 20ml pipette, 10ml measuring cylinders,
250ml conical flasks, Iodine solution, Starch indicator solution, Orange, lemon, Lime, beaker,
distilled water

Method:1).Cut a 100g sample of small piece of orange and squeeze into a beaker to get the juice.

2).Add 10ml portions of distilled water several times each time pour off the liquid

extract into a 100ml volumetric flask.

3).Strain the orange juice that was squeeze. Make sure the extracted solution up 100ml in

a volumetric flask.

4). Pipette a 200ml aliquot of the sample solution into a 250ml conical flask and add

About 150ml of distilled water and 1ml of starch indicator solution.

5).Titrate the sample with 0.005ml-1 iodine solution. The endpoint of the titration is

identified as the first permanent trace of a dark bule-black colour due to starch-iodine

complex.

6).Repeat the titration with further aliquots of sample solution until you obtain
concordant results (titres agreeing with 0.1ml).

7). Repeat all procedures for both lemon and lime.

Manipulated Variable:

Controlled Variable:

Responding Variable:

Data Collection:
Expected Results:

Expected Results link to hypothesis:

Precautions/Limitations/Assumptions

Precautions:

Limitations:

Assumptions: