Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BANKING
History (contd..)
• Modern banking finds its roots in Italy in the
13th century.
• The cities financed its developmental
activities and wars through issuance of bonds
or from borrowing through public.
• World’s oldest known bank has its roots in
Italy. It’s The Monte di Pietà, or Monte Pio set
up in 1472.
The need for Investment Banks
• First stock market in Antwerp Belgium in 1531– sans
the stock!!
• Limited liabilities companies came into existence in the
1600s to sponsor trade voyages to the East Indies from
countries such as Britain, France etc.
• Investors spread their risk by investing in several
different ventures at the same time, thereby playing
the odds against all of them ending in disaster.
• This kind of business model led to risk management .
• Dutch East India company was the 1st to allow outside
investors to purchase shares.
The need for Investment Banks
• Share trading at the Jonathan coffee shop in
London.
• Investors who wished to buy or sell securities
posted the details at the coffee shop and the
trade happened.
• A formal stock exchange was built in 1773.
• NYSE came around 19 years later.
• Investment banks help companies and
governments and their agencies to raise money
by issuing and selling securities in the primary
market.
• They assist public and private corporations in
raising funds in the capital markets (both equity
and debt),
• as well as in providing strategic advisory services
for mergers, acquisitions and other types of
financial transactions.
Whats the Difference??
Commercial Bank Investment Bank
• Individual or small to mid • Companies/ Start-ups
sized companies.
• Loans to buy a house or • Borrows to finance the
future education etc. growth of a company.
• Bank- Creditor & General • Investors – Creditor &
Public – Debtor Companies – Debtor
• Earns money through the • Earns money through the
interest charged on loans fees charged for providing
services
Why an Investment Bank
It performs the following functions
Portfolio
Raise Capital
Management
M&A Research
Principal Businesses of Investment
Banks
• Arranges financing for corporations and governments.
1] Debt
2] Equity
3] Convertibles
• Advises on mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions.
• Asset Management Business
1] Offers equity, fixed income, alternative investments, and
money market investment products and services to individual
and institutional clients
2] For alternative investment products, the firm co-invests
with clients in hedge fund, private equity and real estate funds
Principal Businesses of Investment
Banks
• Client Trading
• Sells and trades securities
and other financial assets
as intermediary on behalf
of investing clients.
• Proprietary Trading
Investment activity by the
firm that affects the firm's
accounts, but does not
involve investing clients.
Investment Banking In India
• SBI was the first Indian public sector bank to set
up its investment banking division in 1972.
• ‡SBI Caps and IDBI Caps are two prime examples
of investment banks in India today.
• ‡Currently, there are 300 investment banks
registered with SEBI.
• ‡Currently, without holding a certificate of
registration
granted by the Securities and Exchange Board of
India,
no person can act as a investment banker.
Investments in
India
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
Deal Value in Million
6000
4000
2000
0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source – www.livemint.com
• Start-ups
• Mid-sized firms
Companies • Large firms
• Govt. Institutions
• Commercial Banks
• SEBI
• Rating Agencies
• Due Diligence firms
Functioning • Underwriters
• Stock exchange
• Brokerage Firms
Value Parameters
1] ROI
2] Network
3]Risk factor
4]Fees/Charge/Cost
5]Familiarity/Relationship
6]Experience of the bank & the banker
7]Performance
8] Industry Knowledge
9] Personal Attention
10]Time taken to close a deal
http://www.ft.com
The Banker Sept 2011
Venture Capital n Investment Bank
SBICAP Securities
0.50% 0.10%
brokerage charges
Sharekhan
0.03% - 0.50% 0.03% - 0.10%
brokerage charges
Motilal Oswal
0.30% - 0.50% 0.03% - 0.15%
brokerage charges
Angel Broking
0.50% 0.02% - 0.03%
brokerage charges
ICICI direct
0.75% 0.15%
brokerage charges
HDFC Securities
0.50% 0.15%
brokerage charges
Religare
0.20% - 0.30% 0.02% - 0.03%
brokerage charges
Reliance Money
0.01% 0.01%
brokerage charges
www.niftyprediction.blogspot.com
• Research is the division which reviews
companies and writes reports about their
prospects, often with "buy" or "sell" ratings.
• Structuring has been a relatively recent
division as derivatives have come into
play, which involves creating complex
structured products which typically offer
much greater margins and returns than
underlying cash securities.
MIDDLE OFFICE
Middle Office
3. (1-2) %
Advertising, and Marketing Expenses
4. (1-2) %
Printing and Stationary Expenses
5. (1-2) %
Miscellaneous Expenses
-Filing Fess With SEBI, BSE & NSE, Registrar’s Fees,
Legal Advisor’s Fees, IPO Grading, Listing Fees,
Others
6. Total (8-10 ) %
MARKETING OF IPO
Press Conference
Investors Conference
The prospective investors are called by invitation.
The Promoters and Lead Managers give
presentations. They reply to the questions of the
investors to boost their confidence. HNI are called.
Top brokers are also called.
Road Shows
Road shows are becoming more and more popular
in India.
MARKETING OF IPO contd..
Newspaper Advertisements.
Printing – Prospectus.
The company has to print approved prospectus and provide
enough copies to all intermediaries. If any investor asks for a
copy of prospectus it must be provided to him without any
fees. Sufficient quantities should be maintained at the
registered office of the company and with the Lead Managers.
Printing Application Forms
Sufficient number of application forms must be printed much
before the opening of the issue. Each form must contain
abridged prospectus in SEBI approved format. It is compulsory
to provide stationery to all underwriters and brokers. They will
arrange distribution to their sub- brokers and other clients
MARKETING OF IPO contd..
• The reputation of a merchant banker could
expand a firm’s investor base at a lower cost
than the firm can, since the promotional
efforts of a merchant banker on behalf of the
firm would be more creditable.
Networking and Promotions
• Customer Relationship Managers building the trust
• Networking via already existing clients
• Pitching by interaction with the CEOs and CFOs of
companies
• Hiring people from other firms with strong network
and good customer relationships
• Holding roadshows
• Holding seminars to attract investors
• Structured products and services to attract customers .
Eg. ICICIdirect money Kitchen
Need Gaps in the IB sector
• Front End
IB is still at a very nascent stage in India and
hence needs to be developed and promoted
properly.
The trust factor is still not been built up amongst
the companies and investors. Here there is need
of trained analysts to do the same.
Lack of Investor knowhow
Still concentrated only on the metros. Need to
move to the tier-2 and tier-3 cities to tap in more
potential investors.
• Back End
Need to develop more robust risk
management systems.
Use of better technology and systems required
for 2 main purposes
1. To keep track of an investor’s database better
2. Bring in faster and more intelligent systems
Thank You
Shweta Kucheria
Ram Shukla
Anand Kumar Mishra