PIT-G409-124-C5 - Sahibabad Station

CONSTRUCTION OF DELHI–MEERUT REGIONAL RAPID TRANSIT
SYSTEM (RRTS) PACKAGE-01 AT VASUNDHARA, GHAZIABAD

REPORT FOR PILE INTEGRITY TESTING
ON 12 NOS. R.C. BORED PILES
(LOCATION: C5, SAHIBABAD STATION)
MAIN CLIENT : National Capital Region Transport Corporation

(NCRTC)
CONSULTANT : M/s. Ayesa
CONTRACTOR : KEC International and China Civil Engineering

(CLIENT FOR GD) Construction Corporation (KEC-CCECC JV)
Plot No.8 Sector-8, Vasundhara,
Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh – 201 012
TEST AGENCY : M/s. GEO DYNAMICS

‘Anand’, 49, Atmajyoti Nagar Society,
Near Atmajyoti Ashram, Ellora Park,
Baroda -390 023
Tele :- +91-265-2388139
Web Site: www.geodynamics.net
PROJECT NO. : PIT-G409-124
DATE : December 07, 2020
Note: 1) This test report or part of the same shall not be reproduced without written permission from the GEO DYNAMICS ULR - TC752120000006410F
2) The results are related to the test performed at location shown by client
Doc. No.: F/7.8/01F/Issue No.02/Issue Date: 16-03-2020/ Amend No.:00 / Amend Date: - / Page 1 of 11 CONTROLLED copy
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PILE DETAILS
3. TESTING EQUIPMENT
4. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
5. LIMITATIONS OF TEST SYSTEM
6. DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A : PILE INTEGRITY TEST RESULTS
APPENDIX B : PILE INTEGRITY TEST GRAPHS
Rv/Jp
Project No.: PIT-G409-124 December 07, 2020
CONSTRUCTION OF DELHI–MEERUT REGIONAL RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM (RRTS)

PACKAGE-01 AT VASUNDHARA, GHAZIABAD
REPORT FOR PILE INTEGRITY TESTING ON 12 NOS. R.C. BORED PILES
1.0 INTRODUCTION
M/s. Geo Dynamics was engaged by M/s. KEC-CCECC JV., to conduct pile integrity testing (PIT)
on r.c. bored piles installed at the above site. The aim of testing was to assess the pile integrity for
potential problems like cross-sectional changes, honeycombing, concrete quality, continuity etc.
The field tests were conducted on 5th December, 2020. The testing was conducted by Mr. Sagar
Pathak The tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM D5882.
This report presents the results of pile integrity testing using the Pile Integrity Tester, PIT, based on
the details available and the site conditions at the time of testing. The report is on the basis of pile
locations and field information provided by you.
2.0 PILE DETAILS
Pile Integrity Testing was conducted on r.c. bored piles with diameter 1200mm. However, diameter
of the pile is not expected to affect the results. Following table summarizes the Individual pile no.
and depths are mentioned in Appendix B of the report inside the graphs.
Pile Details
Type of Pile R.C. Bored
Method of Piling Hydraulic Rig
Liner Depth from test level (m) Unlined
Pile Diameter 1200mm
Pile depths from test level 27.07m
Concrete Grade M40
Period of Casting 18/08/20 – 26/11/20
Soil Data Availability Not available
Project No.: PIT- G409-124
3.0 TESTING EQUIPMENT
Integrity tests were performed using the most advanced state of art data collection system available to
estimate pile integrity by surface impact methods. In this system the PIT Collector allows for detection
of wave reflections from changes in pile impedance. The Collector can acquire, enhance, display and
plot data. The conclusion and interpretation ooff the results are based on the pile top velocity against
time curve.
The testing involves attachment of accelerometer on the pile top. After attachment, the impact device
(a nylon tipped hammer) generates a low strain compressive wave, which travels down the pile. The
acceleration and velocity records of the impact, along with subsequent reflections from either pile toe
and/or discontinuities are graphically displayed.
The integrity testing method separates the effect of impact and surface reflections from
f other relevant
reflections (i.e. pile toe or other discontinuities) by averaging records of several impacts. This
averaging technique tends to cancel random signals in any particular blow while amplifying the effect
of the relevant repetitive response.
The signal records obtained are also expo

exponentially amplified with time. This enhances the identification
of relevant reflections in records, which have low energy due to signals being dampened out by skin
friction.
4.0 INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
The interpretation
erpretation of results consists of evaluation of data based on the reflections recorded during
testing as described above. Reflections are produced by variations in shape, material, soil resistance
changes, joints etc. The deepest reflector is the pile’s toe and its reflection is last observed. All such
reflections are in acceleration form and are numerically integrated to velocity before being displayed.
The integrity of the pile thus tested is based on such reflections and detected changes in impedance
impedanc
(EA/c) along the pile length, when subjected to an impact blow. Here E is the elastic modulus of the
pile material, A is cross-sectional
sectional area of the pile and c is the wave speed. Impedance variation
usually refers to cross-sectional
sectional change.
The typical data sets for good or damaged shall generally be as shown in Figures 1a and 1b
respectively and are also defined in ASTM D5882.
IMPACT
TOE RESPONSE DEFECT
Fig.1a Typical Velocity Trace - Good Pile Fig.1b Typical Velocity Trace - Damaged Pile
Refer to the typical trace for a defect

defective pile in Figure 1b;; the method cannot identify nature of defect
as the wave reflects from a reduction in either elastic modulus or crosscross-section.
section. Thus whether the
defect is necking, honeycombs, voids, soil inclusions, tremie choke etc. they are all classified as
defects.
Note: 1) This test report or part of the same shall not be reproduced wit
without written permission from the GEO DYNAMICS ULR - TC752120000006410F
2) The results are related to the test performed at location shown
wn by client
Doc. No.: F/7.8/01F/Issue No.02/Issue Date: 16-03-2020/ Am
Amend No.:00 / Amend Date: - / Page 4 of 11 CONTROLLED
C copy
However, all the scenarios are not acceptable and hence such piles are still classified as doubtful and
may need further testing / remedial action / replacement / re-design based on its actual load carrying
capacity etc. Bulbs are not classified as defects.
The curve after the toe response is basically a second cycle of the wave moving through the pile. If the
energy of impact is sufficient or for shorter pile lengths, it is possible that the wave moves a few times
along the pile before it dies down whereas in some cases, it only completes a partial second cycle.
Generally the waveform after the first cycle is inconsequential for interpretation.
The length is an important input into the test system which is used to compute wave speed. Typical
range of wave speed for good and consistent concrete is 3500m/sec to 4200m/sec and wave speed
lesser than 3500m/sec but upto 3200m/sec is many times likely for large jobs with lesser quality
control or very low percentage reinforcement. Piles with permanent liners may have consistently
higher speeds from 3800m/sec to 4300m/sec.
Piles with a major bulb may show a reflection from bulb and a secondary reflection similar to a defect.
Such a secondary reflection should not be considered as a defect. The method is intended to detect
major defect and minor defects like localized loss of cover may not be detected by this method. It is
sometimes difficult to evaluate the magnitude of defect when pile defects are at half the pile length.
5.0 LIMITATIONS OF TEST SYSTEM
1. The method does not evaluate minor defects and also multiple defects inside the pile as the wave
generally reflects from the first major defect. Similarly, it may be difficult to evaluate the pile
integrity beyond a major bulge and in such cases, it is likely that the pile integrity is inconclusive.
2. Although the test system can be used to evaluate length of piles, the determination of pile length is
approximate within a range of ± 5 – 10% due to variation in concrete density. This implies that the
method cannot evaluate defects that could be present in the bottom 5% -10% of the pile shaft.
3. The method does not provide information on the pile capacity. The pile capacity can be obtained
by static / high strain dynamic load tests or other equivalent methods.
4. The test method can generally evaluate for piles upto an L/D ratio of 45 to 50. However, this also
depends on the soil resistance that may attenuate the signals and thus is a general statement.
5. The method requires a trained and experienced engineer for interpretation of the test results.
6.0 DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS
The test results for the 12 piles tested are attached in Appendix A of the report. The detailed test
graphs are attached in Appendix B of the report. Generally the following conclusions can be derived
from integrity tests conducted on the pile shafts.
1. Total 12 piles were tested at the site.
2. Wave speed for the tested piles varied generally from 3950m/sec to 4150m/sec and can be
termed as consistent concrete quality.
3. No major defect seems evident for the tested piles.
4. Pile integrity is classified as OK based on low strain test records and subject to above
mentioned comments.
5. This report has been prepared with generally accepted engineering practices and the results
of integrity testing as per ASTM D5882. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made. The
findings provided in this report are based on the result of the individual pile tested and
information made available to us.
APPENDIX A
PILE INTEGRITY TEST RESULTS
DISCIPLINE : Non-Destructive Testing
GROUP : Building Materials - Reinforced Concrete Structures
TEST : Pile Integrity Test
Length
of Pile Wave
Sr. Toe Shaft Cross-Section and Soil Changes Pile
Pile No. from test Speed Comments
No. Response (From test level) Integrity
level (m/sec)
(m)*
Location: C5 Date of Testing : 5th December, 2020
1. C5-1 Evident 27.07 4050 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --




* As per site record
APPENDIX B
PILE INTEGRITY TEST GRAPHS
GEO DY NA MICS 1 2/7 /2 0 20

0 5 - 1 2 KEC
\...\0 5 - 1 2\0 5 - 1 2 KEC.PIT PIT- W 2 0 09 - 1
cm/s Pile: C-5-1 - 5: # 52--5% 1200MM
0.30
KEC
12/5/2020 3:36:12 PM
0.15
Hi 220.0 m 9.2 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.15 V 0.183 cm/s (0.182)
27.07 m (4050 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-2 - 5: # 60 1200MM
0.30
KEC
12/5/2020 3:41:57 PM
0.15
Hi 100.0 m 19.8 Hz
2W 2.00 m 987.5 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.15 V 0.128 cm/s (0.140)
27.07 m (3950 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-3 - 4: # 70 1200MM
0.30
KEC
12/5/2020 3:47:28 PM
0.15
0.00
x 54.00
-0.15 V 0.149 cm/s (0.149)
27.07 m (4150 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-4 - 4: # 80
0.20 1200MM
KEC
12/5/2020 3:58:55 PM
0.10
2W 1.00 m 2000.0 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.10 V 0.107 cm/s (0.111)
27.07 m (4000 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-5 - 3: # 87--2% 1200MM
0.30
KEC
12/5/2020 3:54:39 PM
0.15
Hi 200.0 m 9.9 Hz
2W 2.00 m 987.5 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.15 V 0.121 cm/s (0.139)
27.07 m (3950 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-6 - 4: # 94--4% 1200MM
0.40
KEC
12/5/2020 4:05:11 PM
0.20
Hi 210.0 m 9.5 Hz
2W 2.00 m 1000.0 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.20 V 0.176 cm/s (0.192)
27.07 m (4000 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
Pa ge 1
GEO DY NA MICS 1 2/7 /2 0 20

0 5 - 1 2 KEC
\...\0 5 - 1 2\0 5 - 1 2 KEC.PIT PIT- W 2 0 09 - 1
cm/s Pile: C-5-7 - 4: # 5--4% 1200MM
0.50
KEC
12/5/2020 4:01:28 PM
0.25
Hi 120.0 m 16.7 Hz
2W 1.00 m 2000.0 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.25 V 0.211 cm/s (0.217)
27.07 m (4000 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-8 - 5: # 14--4% 1200MM
0.30
KEC
12/5/2020 4:13:16 PM
0.15
Hi 230.0 m 8.6 Hz
2W 2.00 m 987.5 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.15 V 0.152 cm/s (0.160)
27.07 m (3950 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-9 - 4: # 22--6% 1200MM
0.50
KEC
12/5/2020 4:25:51 PM
0.25
Hi 100.0 m 20.8 Hz
2W 1.38 m 1503.6 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.25 V 0.243 cm/s (0.260)
27.07 m (4150 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-10 - 5: # 34--5%
0.40 1200MM
KEC
12/5/2020 4:31:39 PM
0.20
Hi 300.0 m 6.8 Hz
2W 1.40 m 1464.3 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.20 V 0.262 cm/s (0.275)
27.07 m (4100 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-11 - 4: # 42 1200MM
0.40
KEC
12/5/2020 4:35:31 PM
0.20
2W 1.00 m 2075.0 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.20 V 0.196 cm/s (0.203)
27.07 m (4150 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
cm/s Pile: C-5-12 - 5: # 49 1200MM
0.40
KEC
12/5/2020 4:37:19 PM
0.20
Hi 180.0 m 11.5 Hz
0.00
x 54.00
-0.20 V 0.187 cm/s (0.186)
27.07 m (4150 m/s)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m
Pa ge 2
***** END OF REPORT *****

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CONSTRUCTION OF DELHI–MEERUT REGIONAL RAPID TRANSIT

SYSTEM (RRTS) PACKAGE-01 AT VASUNDHARA, GHAZIABAD

MAIN CLIENT : National Capital Region Transport Corporation

CONSULTANT : M/s. Ayesa

CONTRACTOR : KEC International and China Civil Engineering

TEST AGENCY : M/s. GEO DYNAMICS

PROJECT NO. : PIT-G409-124

DATE : December 07, 2020

5. LIMITATIONS OF TEST SYSTEM

6. DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS

APPENDIX A : PILE INTEGRITY TEST RESULTS

APPENDIX B : PILE INTEGRITY TEST GRAPHS

CONSTRUCTION OF DELHI–MEERUT REGIONAL RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM (RRTS)

2.0 PILE DETAILS

Type of Pile R.C. Bored

Method of Piling Hydraulic Rig

Liner Depth from test level (m) Unlined

Pile Diameter 1200mm

Pile depths from test level 27.07m

Concrete Grade M40

Period of Casting 18/08/20 – 26/11/20

Soil Data Availability Not available

3.0 TESTING EQUIPMENT

The signal records obtained are also expo

4.0 INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

Refer to the typical trace for a defect

5.0 LIMITATIONS OF TEST SYSTEM

6.0 DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS

1. Total 12 piles were tested at the site.

3. No major defect seems evident for the tested piles.

1. C5-1 Evident 27.07 4050 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

3. C5-3 Evident 27.07 4150 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

6. C5-6 Evident 27.07 4000 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

7. C5-7 Evident 27.07 4000 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

8. C5-8 Evident 27.07 3950 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

10. C5-10 Evident 27.07 4100 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

12. C5-12 Evident 27.07 4150 Fairly uniform pile shaft. OK --

* As per site record

GEO DY NA MICS 1 2/7 /2 0 20

GEO DY NA MICS 1 2/7 /2 0 20

***** END OF REPORT *****

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* END OF REPORT *