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LIFE ON THE NILE

For 5,000 years, the Nile has been the river of life for Egypt and its people. Sus-
taining existence and supporting a civilization in the desert, it has also rigorously
shaped the life of the peasants w h o have cultivated its shoreland. From the time
of the pharaohs, the r h y t h m of the Nile has effectively divided the people's
w o r k year. T h r o u g h the centuries, men have anxiously watched the annual flood-
ing to learn whether the waters would rise enough to ensure irrigation during the
growing season. The flood, one ancient writer said, was a time w h e n "the land is
in jubilation, then every belly is in j o y " . The peasant's life has hardly changed
at all, although modern dams, regulating the river's flow, have ended the uncer-
tainty about water-supply. Ancient ways have persisted. Tools virtually identical
with those pictured in ancient tombs are still used. A look at Egypt today faith-
fully evokes the remote past, and brings to life the round of activities of those
w h o worshipped pharaohs as gods and hailed the Nile as "creator of all g o o d " .
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