Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibition

These chemicals, both natural and synthetic have an impact on cellular respiration more specifically on Oxidative Phosphorylation.
Research how they have an impact on Oxidative Phosphorylation, and what these chemicals do to the products of the reaction.

Cyanide Dinitrophenol

Metformin

Oligomycin
 Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitors Chart
Substance: Is this a therapeutic Target: what protein does Effect on oxidation of Effect on oxygen Is that proton Effect on pH of Effect on ATP
drug or poison? this chemical bind this NADH? FADH2? consumption, or gradient still intermem-brane production
What is its use or chemical bind? Will you have a build take in oxygen to being made space?
clinical function? up of NADH or make water? between matrix
through ATP
FADH? and inner synthase?
membrane?
*How does it bind?
Permanently,
allosterically…? *
Cyanide Poison Last enzyme (complex IV) in NADH: no effect Stops oxygen Stops proton After poisoning, Increases ATP
ETC consumption gradient ETC can no longer production by
Used in FADH2: no effect pump electrons into
extermination
increasing AMPK
IMS, higher pH pathway activity

Metformin Therapeutic drug AMPK-dependent and NADH: stops it Does not have an Stops proton No glucose being Since this stops the
AMPK-independent effect gradient produced means production of
Control high blood FADH2: stops it that no energy is
sugar, helps prevent Liver
glucose, pyruvates
pumped into the
kidney damage, and and carrier proteins
space, a low pH of
other problems, stops cannot be
the substance
production of glucose produced, leading
to no H+, no ATP
being produced

Dinitrophenol Both, can cause Protons on one side of the NADH: no effect Does not have an Stops proton Increase in pH More ATP is
weight loss with the membrane effect gradient produced
risk of death FADH2: no effect

Weight loss by
burning carbs and
fats, causing energy
to be converted into
heat

Oligomycin Therapeutic The hole of the ATP synthase, NADH: no effect Does not have an Stops proton No H+ ions can Cannot produce
to stop H+ from moving effect gradient move through the ATP because it
Inhibitor of ATP through synthase FADH2: no effect ATP Synthase.
synthase by blocking
blocks where it
Cannot make ATP
proton channeling make ATP, non is
without the ions in
(necessary for ADP made
the space, higher
to ATP) pH
Reliable, resources:https://www.sciencedirect.com https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/