Organism energetics review (chapter 40)

1. All organisms spend energy on three basic needs:

Temperature, pH, and sugar level

These are like “buckets” where organisms invest their energy

2. What do different types of organisms do with “extra” energy that they do not need to spend
in the short-term? Discuss different types of energy storage molecules of plants and animals.

Biosynthesis, they use it for body growth and repair, synthesis of storage material (fat), and
production of gametes. Lipids, proteins, carbs, and nucleic acids

3. What happens to organisms who constantly run a deficit (spending more energy than they
take in)?

They need to conserve energy through a micro and macro level

4. What are some adaptive strategies for conserving energy expense in different species
(remember, “adaptive” means that these organisms reproduced offspring more successfully
because they had more energy for reproduction).

Plants (trees) lose leaves to conserve energy and animals have low metabolic rates that helps
them survive in extreme temperatures

5. Which temperature regulation strategy requires more energy expenditure to maintain

homeostasis – ectothermicp or endothermy?

Endothermy

6. What are the advantages of the strategy in #5 above that spends more energy (it better have
advantages or these organisms would not have out survived and out reproduced the other
type)?

Endothermic animals can maintain stable body temperatures even when the temperature
changes,.

7. How do organisms thermoregulate?

Insulation, circulatory adaptations, cooling by evaporative heat loss, posture (behavior

responses_, and shivering and moving (adjusting metabolic heat production