1.

Defensive driving is a driving skills or ability to defend yourself against possible accidents
on the road. A good driver has a knowledge about the traffic rules and they need to keep focus
on the road while they are driving. Being a driver you to be responsible and disciplined when
you are driving because it is not just your life that you are risking, but also the people you are
with especially your family. You need to control your movement and emotions while driving,
some drivers does not care if they are doing wrong and violating the law. For example you
encounter an aggressive driver and does not giving a way and we all know what will happen
next if you will compete with this kind of drivers, it may lead to an accident. But if you have a
defensive driving skills, you will avoid this situation and let the driver pass.
2.
There are many types of driver on the road like the speeder, this kind of driver does not
care about the speed limit they just drive faster than the required speed. You should avoid to
compete with this kind of driver because it can lead you to danger or accident. Next type of
driver is the student driver, this are the beginners who’s still learning to drive. They are not fully
learned how to drive on the road therefor they drive very slow and its frustrating if you are
behind them, being patient is the best thing to do in this situation. There is also an angry driver
that you will encounter on the road, maybe because the driver is in a hurry and they got stuck
in a traffic. These drivers will act irrationally in their anger and remove their focus from the
road, it’s important that you do your best to steer clear of them in order to deter their wrath.
Another type of driver is the multi-tasker, this driver participate in other activities while they
are driving like texting, talking on the phone or eating. These activities divert their attention
from the road and can shorten their reaction time in a dangerous situation. The best way to
avoid an accident with this kind of driver is to remain wary around them or just pull into a
different lane. The weaver is another type of driver, this one is an impatient kind of driver. If
they got stuck in a traffic, they change lanes before giving it time to pick up. The last type of
driver is the defensive driver, they are the ideal kind of driver that you will encounter on the
road. These drivers are always cautious and vigilant, keeping a reasonable amount of space
between cars while constantly watching for hazards.
3.
There are five characteristics of a defensive driver, first is knowledge to educate
themselves on safe driving techniques. Defensive drivers know the traffic rules on the road and
they recognize hazards to avoid accidents. Second is the alertness, paying attention on the road
is one of the characteristic that all drivers should have. Third characteristic of a defensive driver
is foresight, they think advance and never assume that other driver will do the right thing. They
practice long-range foresight by keeping their vehicles well-maintained, by checking them
before driving, and by always wearing a safety belt.
 Fourth characteristic is judgement, they use their common sense and knowledge to make a
wise decision. They have the control on how they react and behave in any situation that they
encounter. The last characteristic is the skill, defensive driver knows how to operate a vehicle
properly and safely. They know how to perform an emergency repairs like changing tires.
4.
The 3 seconds rule is a following gap or distance that you should keep between your
vehicle and the vehicle in front of you. A following gap of three seconds gives you time to react
in case the vehicle in front of you jams the brakes, you will have time to react and hit the brakes
of your vehicle to avoid a rear end collision. For example, watch a vehicle in front of you pass a
road sign or a tree and count one, two, three before your vehicle passes to that same object.
This will provide you sufficient distance to react and stop if the vehicle in front of you slows or
stops suddenly. Therefore this rules says that you should not drive closer to the car or vehicle in
front than the distance you cover in three seconds.
5.
Car or vehicle accidents is very common in any parts of the world. Accident on the road is
most unwanted thing to happen to a road user, though they happen quite often. There are many
possible causes of vehicle accidents that road user do not want to happen. One of the possible
causes of accident is over speeding, it is the most fatal accident that may happen on the road.
Increasing speed has the high risk of accident and severity of injury to a driver. Another cause of
accident is drunken driving, some driver does not care about the effects of alcohol when they
drive. Consumption of alcohol reduces concentration and decreases action time of a human
body. Drivers who drives under the influence of alcohol has a high risk of fatal injuries in
accident.