WRITING STYLE – ADDITIONAL READING SUMMARY.

The links basically involved details and instructions regarding the APA format and how to
correctly use it depending on varying context.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS – BASICS:

The author-date method needs to be used where the author’s last name appears first and then
the date of publication of the source – (Brown, 2001). While citing a source that you’re only
referring and not directly quoting, only the author-date method needs to be applied. But, if
specific reference is being made then the page number also needs to be added alongside – (p
– single page, pp – multiple pages and en dash for page ranges. All the references need to be
stated in the reference list. There are several rules regarding capitalization: Titles, Nouns,
Names, Initials, Hyphenated compound words, words after dash / colon need to be capitalised
throughout with only some variations at places. Italicized titles should be replicated in the
same manner, otherwise double quotation marks should be used. For short quotations, one
can directly use it in the text by mentioning the author’s last name, year of publication and
page numbers in parentheses next to the quote. For longer quotations, a margin spacing from
the left needs to be made and the quotation mentioned there. For sources in which there are
no page numbers, other identifiers such as para, table, section and chapter number needs to be
utilised while citing the source. For summary / paraphrase of a source, the author’s name,
year of publication and preferably the page range should be mentioned. For author citations
where there are more than 1 author or the typical rules don’t apply, the rules are as follows:
1.) 2 authors – An ampersand or and should be used between the names. 2.) 3 or more -State
the first author’s name followed by et al. and if there’s similarity in the set of last names then
the first 3 could be mentioned, 3.) Unknown author – the title source should be used instead
and if the identifier for the author is ‘anonymous’, then that’s how it should be cited, 4.)
Organization – if the author is an organization, then the organization’s name or abbreviation
needs to be used, 5.) for two or more works mentioned in the same parenthesis, it should be
arranged alphabetically ; if multiple works by the same author are cited then the name and
date should be mentioned, 6.) For authors with the same last name, the initials should be
added alongside, 7.) for personal communication sources, the name of the communicator, the
date of communication needs to be mentioned alongside the mode, 8.) Cite the indigenous
person’s name, date and location if that’s your source, 9.) while citing an indirect source, the
original source should be mentioned first and the secondary source in the parentheses, 10.) if
there’s no author – mention the title; for no date – use n.d.

REFERENCE LIST: BASIC RULES

The reference list appears at the end of the paper on a new page title ‘References’ in bold
centred at the top. There should be hanging indentation. Authors’ names should be inverted –
first and middle names as initials. Up to 20 names can be mentioned, if its more than that an
ellipsis needs to be used after the 19th name and then add the final author’s name. The
references need to be alphabetized and mentioned in a chronological manner. When it comes
to titles, the first letter needs to be capitalized, longer works need to be italicized and shorter
works need not be. For academic journals, they need to be italicised and capitalized in the
manner it is stated. Double quotations shouldn’t be used. Aforementioned rules for the
authors are repeated here. For periodicals, this is the basic format that needs to be followed
while citing them: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title
of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy. The DOI or
URL needs to be stated. The basic format for citing books is as follows: Author, A. A. (Year
of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name. If there is no
author, the editor will be mentioned. If there are multiple authors, then their names in
addition to the editor’s name will be stated. Translated sources require the translator’s name
in the citation along with the year if it’s a republished work. The edition number needs to be
stated alongside if its not the first edition. For a multi-volume work, the volume needs to be
specified.