Chapter 5- Solved Problems

Problem 1
We are interested in producing hard drives for computers. The average seek time for the
hard drive has been determined to be 12.1ms +/- .25ms. During each hour of a 10-hour
production run, a sample of 5 hard drives was collected at a process along the line. The
following data were collected. Produce the appropriate chart(s):

SAMPLE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.1 12.6 11.8 12.5 12.1 11.5
12.3 12.1 12.7 12.3 12.4 11.8 12.1 12.8 12.3 11
12.4 11.8 12.3 12.3 11.9 12.2 12.5 12 12 11.8
11.8 12.2 12.5 12.1 12 11.9 12.8 12.5 11.9 11.7
12.7 12.3 12.3 12.1 12.3 11.9 12.5 11.9 12.1 11.9

Answer Problem 1
Sample
Observation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.1 12.6 11.8 12.5 12.1 11.5
2 12.3 12.1 12.7 12.3 12.4 11.8 12.1 12.8 12.3 11
3 12.4 11.8 12.3 12.3 11.9 12.2 12.5 12 12 11.8
4 11.8 12.2 12.5 12.1 12 11.9 12.8 12.5 11.9 11.7
5 12.7 12.3 12.3 12.1 12.3 11.9 12.5 11.9 12.1 11.9
Max 12.7 12.3 12.7 12.5 12.4 12.6 12.8 12.8 12.3 11.9
Min 11.8 11.8 12.3 12.1 11.9 11.8 11.8 11.9 11.9 11
Range 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 1 0.9 0.4 0.9
R-bar 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67
UCL-R 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137 1.4137
LCL-R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 12.28 12.14 12.44 12.26 12.14 12.08 12.34 12.34 12.08 11.58
X-bar-bar 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168 12.168
UCL-X 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566 12.5566
LCL-X 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794 11.7794
 R Chart

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Range R-bar UCL-R LCL-R

The R-chart is in control.

 X-Bar Chart

12.8

12.6

12.4

12.2

12

11.8

11.6

11.4

11.2

11
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Mean X-bar-bar UCL-X LCL-X

The X-bar chart is out of control.

Problem 2
We are conducting quality assurance inspections for a local manufacturer. Suppose that
15 samples of 100 items are inspected with a go/no-go gauge. The results of our
inspections follow. Construct the appropriate graph(s), state whether the process is in or
out of control.

Sample Defective
1 3
2 1
3 0
4 0
5 2
6 5
7 3
8 6
9 1
10 4
11 0
12 2
 13 1
14 3
15 4
16 1
17 1
18 2
19 5
20 2

Answer Problem 2
Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Defective 3 1 0 0 2 5 3 6 1 4
%
Defective 3.00% 1.00% 0.00% 0.00% 2.00% 5.00% 3.00% 6.00% 1.00% 4.00%
P-bar 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30%
UCL-P 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36%
LCL-P 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Sample 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Defective 0 2 1 3 4 1 1 2 5 2
%
Defective 0.00% 2.00% 1.00% 3.00% 4.00% 1.00% 1.00% 2.00% 5.00% 2.00%
P-bar 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30% 2.30%
UCL-P 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36% 12.36%
LCL-P 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
 P-Bar Chart

14.00%

12.00%

10.00%

8.00%

6.00%

4.00%

2.00%

0.00%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

% Defective P-bar UCL-P LCL-P

The p-chart is in control.

Problem 3
In problem 1 we were interested in producing hard drives for computers. The average
seek time for the hard drive has a specification of 12.1ms +/- .25ms. Based on our
previous observations, the process producing the hard drive has a process mean of 12.168
and standard deviation of .267. What is Cp and Cpk for this product on this process?

Answer Problem 3
UTL  LTL
Cp 
6

12.35  11 .85
Cp 
6(.267)

Cp = .312

   LTL UTL   
Cpk  min  ,
 3 3 
 12.168  11 .85 12.35  12.168 
Cpk  min  , 
 3(.267) 3(.267) 

Cpk = .227