Physics report: law of conservation of energy

Wilson Oswaldo Galindo Méndez-2195094-civil

engineering

Physics 1: 22950
Teacher: Arbey Alexis Páez Roa
 IS. 5. ENERGY CONSERVATION LAW
WORK FORM

INTRODUCTION
Energy has been a very important factor for the advancement of humanity. Since the
beginning of time it has been necessary for survival since this is the ability of the bodies to
do work on themselves or on different bodies, that is, the ability to make things work. the
unit used to measure energy is the joule (J) this was named after the English physicist
James Prescott Joule; The main energies that we are going to study are kinetic energy,
potential energy, thermal energy and total energy.

GENERAL PURPOSE
Analyze motion phenomena from the law of conservation of energy.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
✓ Identify the type of energy in a system.
✓ Predict the possible situations that will come for a system from the energy conservation
law.
✓ Describe the events that occur around a system under conservative and non-conservative
forces.

METHOD
First phase
1. Variables of the experiment:
• Kinetic energy
• Potential energy
• Thermal energy
• Total energy
 • Speed
• Mass
• Height
2. The simulation of the format is quantitative since they show us quantities of the
variables present in the simulator such as: energies, mass, speed and friction
3. A variable that can interfere in the real experiment and is not present in the
simulated experiment is the friction that the body has with the air since it can vary
the speed that it marks in the simulator is different from that it marks in the real
experiment.
Second stage
1.

⌊2⌋[𝐸𝑘 ]
Datos: h= 6(m) v=√ 𝑚

g=9,8(m/s2) v= 10,84(m/s)
m=20(kg)
 ⌊2⌋[𝐸𝑘 ]
Datos: h= 4(m) v=√ 𝑚

g=9,8(m/s2) v= 8,85(m/s)
m=20(kg)
 ⌊2⌋[𝐸𝑘 ]
Datos: h= 2(m) v=√ 𝑚

g=9,8(m/s2) v= 6,26(m/s)
m=20(kg)

We can note that decreasing the height at which we launch the subject also decreases its
speed as we could notice in the speedometer mark and in our calculations.
Third phase
Data: mmin=20(kg)
h=6(m)
g=9,8(m/s2)
bE=1,5(cm)

[𝑚][𝑔][ℎ] 𝐸𝑝
∆𝐸 = mmax=[𝑔][ℎ]
𝑏𝐸

∆𝐸 =784(J/cm) mmax=64(kg)
Fourth phase

Total energy

Experimental calculation 940,8(J)

Theorical calculation 980(J)

Percentage of margino of error 4%

Kinetic energy Potential energy

Experimental calculation 940,8(J) 0(J)

Theorical calculation 980(J) 0(J)

Percentage of margino of 4% 0%
error
 Kinetic energy Potential energy

Experimental calculation 548,8(J) 392(J)

Theorical calculation 588(J) 392(J)

Percentage of margino of 6,6% 0%

error
 Kinetic energy Potential energy

Experimental calculation 784(J) 170(J)

Theorical calculation 784(J) 196(J)

Percentage of margino of 0% 13,26%

error
 Kinetic energy Potential energy

Experimental calculation 170(J) 784(J)

Theorical calculation 196(J) 784(J)

Percentage of margino of 13,26% 0%

error
Fifth phase

A skater was sliding down a stunt track. One day he wondered how the energy would act on that
track? And so he decided to take a test to find out with the following hint:

He realizes that when he performs for the first time he begins to slow down until he stops; So he
deduces that this happens because of the friction that is in the track but he wants to know what
amount of energy (kinetic, friction, potential and total) at any point of the track, for this he has the
following data: maximum height of the track (5M), subject's mass (20kg), gravity (9.8m / s2) and the
formulas of the physics he knows (EP = EB. ∆E). He decides to test his results to find the values of
the energies at a random point on the track; this is the chosen point

He performs the respective calculations of the energy values:

Ep = [ bE][ ∆E ] Ek =[ bE][ ∆E] Eq= [bE][∆E]

Ep = [0,5(cm)] [784(J / cm)] Ek = [0,4(cm)] [784(J / cm) ] Eq=[ 0,3(cm)][784(J / cm)]

Ep = 392(J) Ek = 313,6(J) Eq= 235,2(J)

And so it verifies that in this way you can calculate the amount of energy at any point on the track.
Sixth phase

A famous skater wants to perform the most dangerous stunt in history: the death turn, which
consists of taking a 360 ° turn on a skateboard, but for this he needs to know how the energies work
on the following track:

He has knowledge of the law of conservation of energy; He knows that the total energy at any
point on the track is always going to be the same, the potential energy depends on the height, the
kinetic energy depends on the speed and the thermal energy depends on the level of friction that
he finds, so he decides to calculate the level of energies at the most critical point of the track
Calculate the level of energies as follows:

Ep = [bE][ ∆E] Ek =[ bE][ ∆E ] Eq =[bE] [∆E]

Ep= [1,65(cm)][784(J / cm)] Ek = [0,05(cm)][784(J / cm)] Eq =[ 0,15(cm)][ 784(J /cm)]

Ep = 1254,4(J) Ek= 39.2(J) Eq= 117.6(J)

When carrying out the respective calculations, he sees that at the most critical point of the track
there is the presence of kinetic energy, that is, at that point there is speed, then there is movement
and the skater can perform the acrobatics successfully.
 CONCLUSIONS
In carrying out this laboratory project on the law of energy conservation, we could see how the
different types of energy behave in different tracks that the simulator presented to us, giving us the
amounts of the energies that varied (kinetic, potential and thermal) and that of an energy that was
always the same at any point on the track (total energy) checking the law of conservation of energy;
energy is neither created nor destroyed it becomes another type of energy.

We could also notice that the friction that exists in a system is a way of how other types of energy
are transformed into thermal energy, which causes the subject to begin to slow down.

One way in which energy can be lost in a real life process is the friction that the body has with the
air present in the environment since it can directly affect the speed that the subject presents.

Some physical phenomena that can be explained from the energy point of view are: the energy that
is accumulated in a compressed spring which may be launching a projectile towards some track; the
fall of objects of said height thanks to the help of gravity having at its highest point the potential
energy and on the other hand the kinetic energy.
 REFERENCE
Sears FW, Zemansky MW, Almarza A. Y. (1957) General Physics

Serway RA (2004) Physics fo scientists and engineers with Modern Physics