EXERCISE-1

History, Variation, Mendelism

1. On which plant Mendel had carried out his investi- 9. In monohybrid cross what is the ratio of homozygous
gations :- [RPMT-87,88] dominant and homozygous recessive individuals in
(1) Garden - pea (2) Wild pea F2–generation :- [RPMT-89-92-93-96]

(3) Cow-pea (4) Pigeon pea (1) 1:2:1 (2) 2:1 / 1:2
(3) 3:1 / 1:3 (4) 1:1
2. The year 1900 AD is highly significant for geneti-
cists due to the :- [RPMT-92,95] 10. Back cross is a cross between :- [RPMT-87]
(1) Discovery of genes (1) F1 x F1 (2) F1 xRecessive
(2) Principle of Linkage (3) F1 x Dominant (4) F1 x any parent
(3) Mendelian rediscovery
11. The cross between recessive to it's hybrid or it's F1
(4) Chromosome theory of heredity plant is called :- [RPMT-92,93,96]

3. During breeding the removal of anthers from a (1) Back cross (2) Test cross
flower is called :- [MP PMT-95] (3) Monohybrid cross (4) Dihybrid cross
(1) Anthesis (2) Pollination
12. What is the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of mono-
(3) Emasculation (4) Vasectomy
hybrid test cross :- [RPMT-96]

4. When a heterozygous tall pea plant of F1 genera- (1) 1:1 (2) 1:2
tion upon self fertilization produces tall and dwarf (3) 3:1 (4) 1:2:1
phenotypes it proves the principle of :-[RPMT -85,90]
(1) Dominance 13. What is the ratio of a progeny of cross between F1
heterozygous and recessive :- [RPMT-87]
(2) Segregation
(1) 3:1 (2) 1:2:1
(3) Independant assortement
(3) 1:1 (4) 2:1
(4) Inheritance & purity of gametes
14. Dihybrid cross proves the law of :- [AIPMT-92]
5. Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on (1) Segregation
the basis of :- [RPMT-90]
(2) Purity of gametes
(1) Dihybrid cross (3) Dominance
(2) Monohybrid cross (4) Independent assortment
(3) Back cross 15. How many types & in what ratio the gametes are
(4) Test cross produced by a dihybrid heterozygous :-
(1) 4 types in the ratio of 9:3:3:1 [AIPMT-92]
6. Mendelian monohybrid ratio is :- [RPMT-93]
(2) 2 types in the ratio of 3:1
(1) 1:2:1 (2) 3:1
(3) 3 types in the ratio of 1:2:1
(3) 9:3:1 (4) 9:3:4 (4) 4 types in the ratio of 1:1:1:1
7. In a monohybrid cross the genotypic ratio of the 16. How many gametes are produced in F1 generation
offspring in F2 generation is :- of a trihybrid :- [MP PMT-88]
[MP PMT-96, UP CPMT 2007, MP PMT 2005]
(1) 3 (2) 4
(1) 3:1 (2) 1:2:1
(3) 8 (4) 16
(3) 1:1:1:1 (4) 4:0
17. Which genotype represents a true dihybrid condi-
8. A cross between AaBB X aa BB yields a genotypic tion
ratio of :- [AIPMT-90] (1) tt rr (2) Tt rr [AIPMT-91]
(1) 1 AaBB: 1 aaBB (2) 1 AaBB : 3 aaBB (3) Tt Rr (4) TT Rr
(3) 3AaBB : 1 aa BB (4) All AaBb
18. Mendel enunciated how many principles (postulates) 27. In Mendel's experiments, colour of seed coat, na-
of inheritance :- [MP PMT-95] ture of flower, position of flower, colour of pod,
(1) One (2) Two height of stem, are called :- [RPMT-97]
(3) Three (4) Four (1) Alleles (2) Genotype
19. Mendelian ratio 9:3:3:1 is due to :- [RPMT-95] (3) Phenotype (4) All of the above
(1) Law of segregation
28. If 120 Plants are produced on crossing pure red
(2) Law of purity of gametes
and pure white flowered pea plants, than the ratio
(3) Law of independent assortment of offsprings will be :-
(4) Law of unit characters
(1) 90 Red : 30 White [RPMT-96]
20. In a cross between a pure tall plant with green pod (2) 30 Red : 90 White
& a pure short plant with yellow pod. How many
(3) 60 Red : 60 White
short plants are produced in F2 generation out of
16 :- [AIPMT-94] (4) All Red
(1) 1 (2) 3 29. According to Mendel's law of segregation the ratio
(3) 4 (4) 9 of F2 generation is :- [RPMT-96]

21. In a dihybrid cross between AABB and aabb the (1) 1:2:1 (2) 3:1
ratio of AABB, AABb, aaBb, aabb in F2 generation (3) 1:1 (4) 2:1
is :- [AIPMT-92-94]
(1) 9:3:3:1 (2) 1:1:1:1 30. Pea plants were more suitable than cattle for Men-
(3) 1:2:2:1 (4) 1:1:2:2 del's experiment because :- [CPMT-88]

22. A dihybrid ratio is :- [MP PMT-98] (1) There were no breeding records of cattles
(1) 1:1:1:1 (2) 3:1 (2) Pea plants can be self-fertilised
(3) 9:3:3:1 (4) 9:5:1:1 (3) Cattle are not easy to mantain
23. AABbCc genotype forms how many types of gam-
etes :- [AIPMT-98] (4) All pea plants have 2n chromosomes and fewer
(1) 4 (2) 8 genetic traits
(3) 2 (4) 6
24. Who rediscovered the results of Mendel's 31. An individual with two identical members of a pair
experiments :- [RPMT-97] of genetic factors is called :- [CPMT-81]

(1) DeVries, Tschemark, Correns (1) Heteromorphic (2) Heterozygote

(2) DeVries, Tschemark, Morgan (3) Homomorphic (4) Homozygote

(3) Tschemark, Morgan, Correns 32. Two allelic genes are located on : [AFMC-84]

(4) Tschemark, Bateson, Punnet, (1) The same chromosome

(2) Two homologous chromosomes
25. Crossing AABB & aabb, the probability of AaBb
(3) Two-non-homologous chromosomes
would be in F2 generation :- [RPMT-97]
(4) Any two chromosomes
(1) 1/16 (2) 2/16
(3) 8/16 (4) 4/16 33. The percentage of ab gametes produced by AaBb
parent will be :- [A IIM S-8 8]
26. On crossing red & white flowered plants the ratio
(1) 12.5 (2) 25
of red and white flowered plants in F2-generation
(3) 50 (4) 75
was 60:20, then on selfing the heterozygous red
flowered plants, the offsprings would be :- 34. Different forms of a gene are called :-
(1) 72:24 (2) 40:60 [RPMT-97] (1) Heterozygotes [MP PMT-94]

(3) 52:48 (4) 84:16 (2) Alleles

(3) Character (4) Traits
35. How many character of pea pod were chosen by 45. Dihybrid plants forms how many types of pollen
Mendel :- [MP PMT-94] grains :-
(1) 7 (2) 2 (1) One (2) Two
(3) 4 (4) 3 (3) Four (4) Eight

36. Mendel's law of segregation is based on separation 46. When flowers are unisexual then emasculation is
of alleles during :- [MP PMT-93] done in :-
(1) Gemete formation (1) Female (2) Male
(2) Seed formation (3) 1 & 2 both (4) None of these
(3) Pollination 47. How many plants are dihybrid in F2 generation of
(4) Embryonic development dihybrid cross :-
(1) One (2) Two
37. In a cross 45 tall & 14 dwarf plants were obtained, (3) Four (4) Sixteen
the genotype of parents was :- [BHU-93]

(1) TT X TT (2) TT X Tt 48. Mendel's conclusion first published in :-

(3) Tt X Tt (4) TT X tt (1) Journal of plant breeding

(2) Journal of genetics & plant breeding
38. Gametes of AaBb individual can be :- [A IIM S-9 1]
(3) Nature forschender verein
(1) Aa, Bb (2) AB, ab
(4) None
(3) AB, ab, aB (4) AB,Ab,aB,ab
49. When a plant have two alleles of contrasting char-
39. When two hybrids Ttrr & Rrtt are crossed, the acters it is called :-
phenotypic ratio of offspring shell be :- [CPMT-90] (1) Homozygous (2) Dioecious
(1) 3:1 (2) 1:1:1:1 (3) Heterozygous (4) Monoecious
(3) 1:1 (4) 9:3:3:1
50. Phenotypic ratio 3:1 proves :-
40. Body features are :- [MP PMT-88]
(1) Dominance
(1) Phenotype
(2) Segregation
(2) Genotype
(3) Crossing -over
(3) Sex of individual
(4)Independent assortment
(4) Controlled by atmosphere
51. What is the ratio of one pair of contrasting charac-
41. The allele which is unable to express its effect in
ters in F2 of a dihybrid cross :-
the presence of another is called :- [AIPMT-91]
(1) 5:3
(1) Co-dominant (2) Supplementary
(2) 3:1
(3) Complementary (4) Recessive
(3) 9:3:3:1
42. Genotype is :- [BHU-83] (4) 1:2:2:4:1:2:1:2:1
(1) Genetic composition of many organisms 52. What is the probability of homozygous plants for
(2) Genetic composition of plastids both dominant characters in F2 generation of a
(3) Genetic composition of germ cells only dihybrid cross :-

(4) Genetic composition of an individual (1) 1/16 (2) 3/16

(3) 4/16 (4) 9/16
43. Mendelism is genetics of :-
(1) Haploids (2) Diploids 53. Which of the following is significance of dominance
(3) Prokaryotes (4) All the above (1) Organisms with dominant genes are more vital
(2) Harmful mutations are not expressed due to
44. Which technique is used by Mendel for hybridisa-
dominant gene
tion
(3) Heterosis is due to dominant gene
(1) Emasculation (2) Bagging
(4) All the above
(3) Protoplast fusion (4) 1 & 2 both
54. An offspring of two homozygous parents differing 63. A character which is expressed in a hybrid is called
from one another by alleles at only one gene locus (1) Dominant (2) Recessive
is known as :-
(3) Co-dominant (4) Epistatic
(1) Back cross (2) Monohybrid
64. Cross AABb X aaBb yields AaBB : AaBb :
(3) Dihybrid (4) Trihybrid
Aabb:aabb offspring in the ratio of :-
55. From a single ear of corn, a farmer planted 200 (1) 0:3:1:1 (2) 1:2:1:0
kernels which produced 140 tall & 40 short plants. (3) 1:1:1:1 (4) 1:2:1:1
The genotypes of these offsprings are most likely :-
(1) TT, Tt & tt (2) TT & tt 65. Genetic constitution of an individual is represented
by :-
(3) TT & Tt (4) Tt & tt
(1) Genome
56. A useful process for determining whether an indi- (2) Genotype
vidual is homozygous or heterozygous is :-
(3) Phenotype
(1) Cross-breeding (2) Self fertilization
(4) Karyotype
(3) Back - crossing (4) Test cross
66. Genes do not occur in pairs in :-
57. Heterozygous tall plants were crossed with dwarf
(1) Zygote (2) Somatic cell
plants. what will be the ratio of dwarf plants in the
(3) Endosperm cell (4) Gametes
progeny :-
(1) 50% (2) 25% 67. "Like begets like" an important and universal phe-
(3) 75% (4) 100% nomenon of life, is due to :-
(1) Eugenics (2) Inheritance
58. A pure tall plant can be differentiated from a hy-
(3) dominance (4) Crossing-over
brid tall plant :
(1) By measuring length of plant 68. The genes for same trait present on non-homolo-
(2) By spraying gibberalins gous chromosomes are :-
(3) If all plants are tall after self-pollination (1) Alleles (2) Linked genes
(4) If all plants are dwarf after self-pollination (3) Multiple alleles (4) None of these

59. Which of the following is the unit of inheritance :- 69. Genotype - phenotype concept was first produced
(1) Phenotype (2) Genotype by :-

(3) Gene (4) None of these (1) Bateson (2) Johannsen

(3) Sutton & Boveri (4) Punnet
60. If the cell of an organism heterozygous for two pairs
of genes represented by Aa, Bb, undergoes meio- 70. How many types of gametes are expected from
sis, then the possible genotypic combination of gam- the organism with genotype AABBCC:-
etes will be :- (1) One (2) Two
(1) AB, Ab, aB, ab (2) AB, ab (3) Four (4) Eight
(3) Aa, Bb (4) A, a, B, b
71. One of the following did not constitute the seven
61. Allele is the :- contrasting pairs of characters noticed by Mendel
(1) Alternative form of gene pair (1) Height of the plants
(2) Total number of genes for a trait (2) Shape of the leaves
(3) Total number of chromosomes of a haploid set (3) Shape of pod
(4) Total number of genes present on a chromo- (4) Colour of pod
some 72. The scientist who worked on garden pea before
62. Sex linkage first observed by :- Mendel was :-
(1) Bateson (2) Corrense (1) Goss (2) Kolreuter
(3) Morgan (4) Muller (3) Bateson (4) Maupertius
73. The plant which made Hugo -de vries famous is :- 80. A gene said to be dominant if :– [AIPMT–2002]
(1) Antirrhinum majas (1) It express it's effect only in homozygous stage.
(2) Lathyrus odoratus (2) It expressed only in heterozygous condition
(3) Oenathera lamarckiana (3) It expressed both in homozygous and hetero-
zygous condition.
(4) Pisum sativum
(4) It never expressed in any condition.
74. If 3n is the theoretically possible number of differ- 81. A plant of F1–generation with genotype "AABbCC".
ent genotypes (when n = the number of chromo-
On selfing of this plant what is the phenotypic ratio
some pairs with each carrying one pairs of hetero-
in F2–generation :– [AIPMT–2002]
zygous alleles), the different genotypes produced
(1) 3 : 1
by pea plant is :–
(2) 1 : 1
(1) 310 (2) 312
(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(3) 314 (4) 37 (4) 27 : 9 : 9 : 9 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 1

Male gametes 82. Which one of the following traits of garden pea
Female AB Ab aB ab studied by Mendel, was a recessive feature:-
75.
gametes ? AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ]

(1) Axial flower position

In the Punnet square given above, the genotype
of the female parent and male parents (2) Green seed colour
respectively:- (3) Green pod colour
(1) AABB, AaBb (2) AaBB, AaBb (4) Round seed shape
(3) aaBB, AaBb (4) AAbb, AaBb
83. In a plant, red fruit (R) is dominant over yellow fruit
76. When AABBcc is crossed with AaBbCc then the (r) and tallness (T) is dominant over shortness (t).
ratio of hybrid for all the three genes is :- If a plant with RRTt genotype is crossed with a plant
(1) 1/8 (2) 1/4 [AIPMT–1999] that is rrtt :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]

(3) 1/16 (4) 1/32 (1) All the offsprings will be tall with red fruit
(2) 25% will be tall with red fruit
77. According to Mendelism which character is
showing dominance- [AIPMT–2000] (3) 50% will be tall with red fruit

(1) Terminal position of flower (4) 75% will be tall with red fruit

(2) Green colour in seed coat 84. A trihybrid cross is made between two plants with
(3) Wrinkled seeds genotypes A/a B/b C/c how many offsprings of
(4) Green pod colour such cross will have a genotype a/a b/b c/c –
(1) 1/64 (2) 1/4
78. Due to the cross between TTRr × ttrr the resultant
progenies showed how many percent plants would (3) 1/16 (4) 1/32
be, tall, red flowered :– [AIPMT–2000]
85. How is the arrangement of Mendel’s selected seven
(1) 50% (2) 75% characters on four chromosomes :–
(3) 25% (4) 100% (1) One in ch. no. 1, 4 in ch. no. 4, one in ch.
79. Mendel obtained wrinkled seeds in pea due to no. 5, and one in ch. no. 7
deposition of sugars instead of starch. It was due (2) 2 in ch. no. 1, 3 in ch. no. 4, one in ch. no.
to which enzyme :– [AIPMT–2001] 5 and one in ch. no. 6
(1) Amylase (3) 3 in ch. no. 1, 1 in ch. no. 4, 2 in ch. no. 5
(2) Invertase and one in ch. no. 7
(3) Diastase (4) 2 in ch. no. 1, 3 in ch. no. 4, 1 in ch. no. 5
(4) Absence of starch branching enzyme and 1 in ch. no. 7
86. Out of three characters on chromosome no. 4, two 92. If a heterozygous tall plant is crossed with a ho-
characters indicate linkage and not mentioned by mozygous dwarf plant then what shall be the per-
Mendel. These characters were – centage of dwarf in offspring :-

(1) Pod form – stem length (1) 25% (2) 100%

(2) Pod form – pod position (3) 75% (4) 50%

(3) Pod form – pod colour 93. If a homozygous tall plant is crossed with a dwarf
(4) Pod position – stem length plant, what shall be the ratio of plants in offsprings :-
(1) All heterozygous tall
87. Mrs. verma has a autosomal gene pair 'Bb' and
(2) Two tall & Two dwarf
she contain x-linked gene 'd'. What is the percentage
of gamete which contain 'bd' genes :- (3) 1:2:1
(4) All homozygous dwarf
(1) 1/2 or 50% (2) 1/4 or 25%
(3) 3/4 or 75% (4) 1 or 100% 94. In a plant gene 'A' is responsible for tallness and
its recessive allele 'a' for dwarfness and 'B' is
88. When two different genotypes produce the same responsible for red flower colour and it's recessive
phenotype due to environmental difference, then allele 'b' for white flower colour. A tall and red
each one is known as :- flowered plant with genotype AaBb crossed with
(1) Phenotype (2) Phenocopy dwarf and red flowered (aaBb). What is the
percentage of dwarf-white flowered offspring of
(3) Progeny above cross :-
(4) Independent offspring (1) 50% (2) 6.25%
(3) 12.5% (4) 50%
89. The Punnett square shown below represents the
pattern of inheritance in dihybrid cross when yellow 95. In rabbit black skin (B) is dominant over brown skin
(Y) is dominant over white (y) and round (R) is (b) and short hair (S) is dominant over long hair (s).
dominant over wrinkled (r) seeds : If homozygous black–short haired male is crossed
with a homozygous brown–long haired female. All
YR Yr yR yr
F1–offspring are heterozygous black–short haired.
YR F J N R F1 male crossed with F1–female. In F2 generation
what is the percentage of homozygous black–short
Yr G K O S haired offspring :-
yR H L P T (1) 50% (2) 12.5%
yr I M Q U (3) 6.25% (4) 18.75%

A plant of type ‘H’ will produce seeds with the 96 How many different types of gametes can be formed
genotype identical to seeds produced by the plants by F1 progeny, resulting from the following cross
of :– : AA BB CC x aa bb cc [AIIMS– 2 0 0 4]

(1) Type M (2) Type J (1) 3 (2) 8

(3) Type P (4) Type N (3) 27 (4) 64

90. When a red flower homozygous pea plant is crossed 97. In order to find out the different types of gametes
with a white flower plant what colour is produced produced by a pea plant having the genotype AaBb,
in F1 :- [RPMT-87] it should be crossed to a plant with the genotype

(1) Red (2) White (1) AaBb (2) aabb [AIPMT-2005]

(3) AABB (4) aaBB
(3) Pink (4) Red + white
98. Gene word was coined by :- [RPMT– 2 0 0 5]
91. 1:1:1:1 ratio shows :-
(1) Mendel
(1) Monohybrid cross
(2) Hugo–de–vries
(2) Dihybrid cross
(3) Morgan
(3) Back cross
(4) Dihybrid test cross (4) Johanson
99. Test cross is :- [RPMT–2005, CG PMT 06] 108. A hybrid is generally more vigorous than either of
(1) Tt × Tt (2) Tt × TT the parents, this is due to :-
(3) TT × TT (4) Tt × tt (1) Homozygosity (2) Heterozygosity
(3) Superior genes in hybrid
100. Law of independent assortment of Mendel was
proved by :- [RPMT– 2 0 0 5]
(4) Mixing of cytoplasm

(1) Monohybrid cross 109. Independent assortment of genes does not takes
(2) Reciprocal cross place when :– [AIPMT–2001]

(3) Dihybrid cross (1) Genes are located on homologous chromosomes

(2) Genes are linked and located on same
(4) Back cross
chromosome
101. Mendel does not select which character in his ex-
(3) Genes are located on non–homologous
periment :- [RPMT– 2 0 0 5]
chromosome
(1) Plant height (2) Plant colour
(4) All the above
(3) Pod shape (4) Pod colour
110. A self–fertilizing trihybrid plant forms :-
102. Genes controlling seven traits in pea studied by
Mendel were actually located on :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]

(1) Seven chromosomes [BHU-94, AIPMT 2003] (1) 8 different gametes and 32 different zygotes
(2) Six chromosomes (2) 8 different gametes and 64 different zygotes
(3) Four chromosomes (3) 4 different gametes and 16 different zygotes
(4) Five chromosomes (4) 8 different gametes and 16 different zygotes

103. Two crosses between the same pair of genotypes 111. Phenotype of an organism is the result of –
or phenotypes in which the sources of the gametes (1) Mutations and linkages [AIPMT-2006]
are reversed in one cross, is known as :- (2) Cytoplasmic effects and nutrition
[A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ]
(3) Environmental changes and sexual dimorphism
(1) Test cross (2) Reciprocal cross
(4) Genotype and environment interactions
(3) Dihybrid cross (4) Reverse cross
112. How many different kinds of gametes will be
104. If selfing occurs in the plant having genotype RrYy, produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
then ratio of given genotype will be :- RRYY, RrYY,
(1) Three (2) Four [AIPMT-2006]
RRYy, RrYy [RPMT-2006]
(3) Nine (4) Two
(1) 1:2:2:4 (2) 1:2:2:1
(3) 1:1:1:1 (4) 2:2:2:1 113. Test cross involves – [AIPMT-2006]

105. The process of mating between closely related in- (1) Crossing between two genotypes with recessive
dividuals is :- [AIPMT-94] trait
(1) Out-breeding (2) Inbreeding (2) Crossing between two F1 hybrids
(3) Hybridisation (4) Heterosis (3) Crossing the F1 hybrid with a double recessive
106. Marriages between close relatives should be avoided genotype
because it includes more [MP PMT-90] (4) Crossing between two genotypes with dominant
(1) Recessive alleles to come together trait
(2) Mutations
114. A human male produces sperms with the genotypes
(3) Multiple births
AB, Ab, aB, and ab, aB, and ab pertaining to two
(4) Blood group abnormalities
diallelic characters in equal proportions. What is
107. Organisms with two or more than two types of geno- the corresponding genotype of this person :-
types in their tissues are called :- (1) AaBb (2) AaBB [AIPMT 2007]
(1) Wobble (2) Heterozygous (3) AABb (4) AABB
(3) Heterosis (4) Chimera
115. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. 122. When an F1 individual is crossed with its either of
If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed the two parent. Then it is known as :-
with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and
green seeded plants would you expect in F1 gen- [Uttaranchal PMT 2006]
eration :- [AIPMT 2007] (1) Test cross
(1) 50 : 50 (2) 9 : 1 (2) Back cross
(3) 1 : 3 (4) 3 : 1 (3) Reciprocal cross
116. Segregation of genes take place during :[AMU 2007] (4) Monohybrid cross
(1) Metaphase 123. How many pairs of contrasting characters were
(2) Anaphase chosen by Mendel for his study with garden pea:-
(3) Prophase (1) 3 (2) 5 [C.G. PMT 2004]
(4) Embryo formation (3) 7 (4) 14
117. An inherited character and its detectable variant is
124. If a homozygous red flowered plant is crossed with
termed as :- [AMU 2007]
white plant, the offspring will be :-
(1) unit factor (2) trait
(3) genctic profile (4) genotypic character (1) All red flowered [C.G. PMT 2004]

118. The genotype of a plant showing the dominant (2) All white flowered
phenotype and can be detemined by :[CBSE 2010] (3) Half red flowered
(1) Pedigree analysis (4) Half white flowered
(2) Back cross 125. How many types of genotypes are formed in F2
(3) Test cross progeny obtained from self polination of a dihybrid
(4) Dihybrid cross F1 :- [C.G. PMT 2005]

119. Which one of the following cannot be explained on (1) 9 (2) 3

the basis of Mendel's Law of Dominance? (3) 6 (4) 1
[CBSE 2010] 126. If a dwarf plant is treated with gibberellins it
(1) Alleles do not show any belending and both the becomes tall and this plant now crosses with pure
characters recover as such in F2 generation tall plant then progeny of first generation (F1) is
(2) Factors occur in pairs
(1) All dwarf [Bihar 2 00 5]
(3) The discrete unit controlling a particular char-
acter is called a factor (2) All tall

(4) Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and (3) 75% tall and 25% dwarf
the other recessive (4) 75% dwarf and 25% tall
120. A trihybrid cross involve three pair of characters 127. A test cross is performed : [UP CPMT 2001]

which will give rise to the F1 hybrids which are (1) by selfing of F2-generation plants
heterozygous for three genes. How many types of
(2) by selfing of F1-generation plants
gametes will be produced in both male and female-
[Uttaranchal PMT 2006]
(3) to determine whether F1-plant is homozgous or
heterozygous
(1) 2 (2) 4
(4) between a homozygous dominant and
(3) 6 (4) 8
homozygous recessive plant
121. Which one of the following traits studied by Mendel
128. Alleles are :- [UP CPMT 2002]
in garden pea was a recessive character :-
(1) Alternate forms of a gene
(1) Axial flower positon [Uttaranchal PMT 2006]
(2) Green cotyledon colour (2) homologous chromosome

(3) Green pod colour (3) Pair of sex chromosome

(4) Yellow seed colour (4) none of these

129. If a cross is made between AA and aa, the nature 136. When F1 generation hybrid tall Tt is crossed with
of F1 progeny will be :- [UP CPMT 2004] dwarf tt parent, it is a case of:- [MP PMT 2002]
(1) genotypically AA, phenotypically a (1) Dihybrid cross

(2) genotypically Aa, phenotypically a (2) test cross

(3) Crossing over
(3) genotypically Aa, phenotypically A
(4) Reciprocal cross
(4) genotypically aa, phenotypically A
137. Red and tall dominant character hybrid plant when
130. When a tall plant with round seeds (TTRR) is crossed crossed with recessive white dwarf plant (RrTt x
with a dwarf plant with wrinkled seeds (ttrr), the rrtt). What will be the ratio of respective four
F1 generation consists of tall plants with rounded combinations red tall, red dwarf, white tall and white
seeds. How many types of gametes F1 plant would dwarf plants in the next generation :-
porduce :- [UP CPMT 2004]
(1) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 [MP PMT 2002]
(1) One (2) Three (2) 15 : 1 : 0 : 0
(3) Four (4) Eight (3) 9 : 3 : 4 : 0
131. Which genotype represents a true hybrid condition- (4) 4 : 4 : 4 : 4
[UP CPMT 2006] 138. If hybrid red flowered plants of pea are crossed
back to pure red flowered parent, the progeny
(1) TTrr (2) TtRr
will show :- [MP PMT 2002]
(3) TTRr (4) ttrr
(1) All red flowered plants
132. A dihybrid plant on self pollination, produced 400
(2) White flowered plants
phenotypes with 9 types of genotype. How many
seeds will have genotype TtRr:- [UP CPMT 2006] (3) 50% red and 50% white flowered plants
(4) 3 Red : 1 white flowered plants
(1) 200 (2) 100
139. Mendel choose pea plant due to :-
(3) 50 (4) 150
(1) its economic importance [MP PMT 2003]
133. Which of the following points further strengthened
(2) presence of contrasting characters
Mendelism :- [UP CPMT 2006]
(3) its availability
(1) law of independent assortment which was based
on monohybrid cross (4) its cheapness

(2) law of independent assortment which could be 140. Mendel's Law is valid only when :-[MP PMT 2003]
stated on the basis of segregation of gametes (1) Two F1 hybids are crossed
(3) incomplete dominance gave a new way to (2) One parent is crossed with F1 hybrid
mendelism (3) Two pure breeding contrasting characers are crossed
(4) a character controlled by a pair of unit factors (4) None of the above
134. If Aabb × aaBb, then genotypic ratio of its progeny 141. Mendel's laws of inheritance are applicable on the
will be :- [UP CPMT 2007] plants which :- [MP PMT 2005]
(1) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (1) Reproduce asexually
(2) 1 : 2 : 1 (2) Reproduce sexually
(3) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 (3) Reproduce vegetatively
(4) 4 : 1 (4) All of the above plants
135. A pure tall and a pure dwarf plant were crossed 142. Genes are the :- [MP PMT 2005]
to produce offsprings. Offsprings were self crossed,
(1) Morphological units
then find out the ratio between true breeding tall
to true breding dwarf :- [MP PMT 2007] (2) Functional units

(1) 1 : 1 (2) 3 : 1 (3) Hereditary units

(3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 2 : 1 (4) None of the above
143. A cross used to ascertain whether a dominant is 150. Dihybrid cross is related to the principle of :-
homozygous or heteroxygous :- [MP PMT 2006] (1) dominance [RPMT 2011]

(1) Reciprocal (2) segregation

(3) independent assortment
(2) Back cross (4) purity of gametes
(3) Test cross 151. Emasculation is related to :- [RPMT 2011]
(1) Pure line
(4) Monohybrid
(2) Mass selection
144. In Mendel's experiments with garden pea, round (3) Clonal selection
seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (4) Hybridisation
(rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green 152. Mendel's Principle of segregation means that the
cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes
germ cells always receive :- [DPMT 2011]
in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY × rryy ?
(1) one pair of alleles
[AIPMT-2006]
(2) one quarter of the genes
(1) Only round seeds with green cotyledons (3) one of the paired alleles
(2) Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons (4) any pair of alleles
(3) Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons 153. If two pea plants baving red (dominant) coloured
(4) Round seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled flowers with unknown genotypes are crossed, 75%
seeds with yellow cotyledons of the flowers are red and 25% are white. The
genotypic constitution of the parents having red
145. Dihybrid test cross ratio proposed by Mendel is
coloured flowers will be :- [DPMT 2011]
(1) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 [ W est B e ng al 2 0 0 7 ] (1) Both homozygous
(2) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 (2) One homozygous and other heterozygous
(3) 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1 (3) Both heterozygous
(4) Both hemizygous
(4) 3 : 1
154. How many types of genetically different gametes
146. When two unrelated individuals or lines are crossed,
will be produced by a heterozygous plant having
the performance of F1 hybrid is often superior to
the genotype AABbCc? [AMU 2011]
both its parents. This phenomenon is called :-
(1) Two (2) Four
(1) Heterosis [AIPMT (Pre.) 2011]
(2) Transformation (3) Six (4) Nine
(3) Splicing 155. Two allelic genes are located on :- [AMU 2011]
(4) Metamorphosis (1) the same chromosome
(2) two homologous chromosome
147. Test cross in plants or in Drosophila involves crossing:
(3) two non-homologous chromosome
[AIPMT (Mains) 2011] (4) any two chromosomes
(1) Between two genotypes with dominant trait 156. A plant with genotype AABbCcDD is self pollinated.
Provided that the four genes are independently
(2) Between two genotypes with recessive trait assorting, what proportion of the progeny will show
(3) Between two F1 hybrids the genotype AAbbccDD? [Olympiad 2011]

(4) The F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype 1 1

(1) (2)
148. A woman with albinic father marries an albinic man. 4 16
The proportion of her progeny is [RPMT 2011]
1 1
(1) 2 normal : 1 albinic (2) All normal (3) (4)
64 256
(3) All albinic (4) 1 normal : 1 albinic 157. The phenotypic ratio in a back cross between a
149. A cross between pure tall pea plant with green pods trihybrid and homozygous recessive parent would
and dwarf pea with yellow pods will produce tall be :- [Olympiad 2011]
F2 plants, out of 16, [RPMT 2011] (1) 1 : 1
(1) 15 (2) 13 (2) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(3) 12 (4) 7 (3) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(4) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
158. A test cross is carried out to : 161. In a dihybrid cross where two parents differ in two
[AIPMT (Mains) 2012] pairs of contrasting traits like seed colour yellow (YY)
(1) assess the number of alleles of a gene. and seed colour green (yy) with seed shape round
(2) determine whether two species or varieties will (RR) and seed shape wrinkled (rr). The number of
breed successfully. green coloured seeds (yy) among sixteen products
of F2 generation will be :- [AMU 2012]
(3) determine the genotype of a plant at F2
(4) predict whether two traits are linked. (1) 2 (2) 4
159. Among the seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea (3) 6 (4) 8
plant, studied by Mendel, the number of traits
related to flower, pod and seed respectively was :- 162. The colour based contrasting traits in seven
(1) 2, 2, 2 (2) 2, 2, 1 [AMU 2012] contrasting pairs studied by Mendel in pea were
(3) 1, 2, 2 (4) 1, 1, 2
(1) 1 (2) 2 [AMU 2012]
160. Some of the dominant traits studied by Mendel
were :- [AMU 2012] (3) 3 (4) 4
(1) Round seed shape, constricted pod shape and
axial flower position 163. The ultimate biological unit which controls heredity,
(2) Green seed colour, inflated pod shape and axial is called :- [MP PMT 2012]
flower position
(1) Genome (2) Chromosome
(3) Yellow seed colour, violet flower colour and
yellow pod colour (3) Genotype (4) Gene
(4) Axial flower position, green pod colour and
green seed colour

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans. 1 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 4 4 2 1 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 3
Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Ans. 3 3 1 1 4 1 3 4 2 2 4 2 2 2 4 1 3 4 2 1
Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Ans. 4 4 2 4 3 4 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 4 1 3 3 1
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Ans. 1 3 1 2 2 4 2 4 2 1 2 1 3 4 3 1 4 1 4 3
Que. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Ans. 1 2 3 1 4 1 1 2 4 1 4 4 1 3 3 2 2 4 4 3
Que. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. 2 3 2 1 2 1 4 2 2 2 4 4 3 1 1 2 2 3 1 4
Que. 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
Ans. 2 2 3 1 1 2 3 1 3 3 2 2 4 3 1 2 4 1 2 3
Que. 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
Ans. 2 3 3 4 2 1 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 2 4 3 1 2
Que. 161 162 163
Ans. 2 3 4
 Gene interaction - Allelic & Non-allelic, Polygenic Inheritance,
Cytoplasmic Inheritance
1. In Mirabilis & Antirrhinum plant the appearence of 8. When certain character is inherited only through
the pink hybrid (Rr) between cross of a red (RR) the female parent, it probably represents the case
and white (rr) flower parent indicates :- of :- [AIPMT-92]

(1) Incomplete dominance [RPMT - 88-89-90] (1) Mendelian nuclear inheritance

(2) Segregation (2) Multiple plastid inheritance
(3) Dominance (3) Cytoplasmic inheritance
(4) Heterosis (4) Incomplete dominance

2. Exception to Mendel's law is found in flower colour 9. Cytoplasmic male sterility is inherited :-
of :- [RPMT-96] (1) Maternally [MP PMT-86]

(1) Mirabilis (2) Sweet - pea (2) Paternally

(3) Garden-pea (4) Beans (3) Both
(4) Bacteriophage multiplication
3. RR(red) is crossed with rr (white). All Rr offsprings
are pink. This indicates that R-gene is 10. In Mirabilis jalapa when homozygous red flowered
(1) Hybrid [CPMT-76-81-85] and white flowered plants are crossed, all F1 plants
(2) Incompletely dominant have pink coloured flowers. In F2 produced by
selfing of F1 plants, red, pink, white flowered plants
(3) Recessive
would appear respectively in the ratio of :-
(4) Mutant
(1) 1:1:2 (2) 2:1:1 [MP PMT-98]
4. In case of incomplete dominance the monohybrid (3) 1:0:1 (4) 1:2:1
ratio of phenotypes in F2 generation is :- 11. Plant, which does not obeys Mendel's laws :-
(1) 1:2:1 (2) 3:1:1 [RPMT-85] [RPMT-96]

(3) 9:3:3:1 (4) 2:3:1 (1) Mirabilis jalapa (2) Pisum sativum
(3) Cicer aurietinum (4) Iberis amara
5. A white flowered mirabilis plant rr was crossed with
12. In case of incomplete dominance, F2 generation
red coloured RR, If 120 plants are produced in F2
has :- [BHU-95]
generation. The result would be :- [RPMT-96]
(1) Genotypic ratio equal to phenotypic ratio
(1) 90 uniformly coloured & 30 white
(2) Genotypic ratio is 3:1
(2) 90 Non-uniformly coloured & 30 white
(3) Phenotypic ratio is 3:1
(3) 60 Non-uniformly coloured & 60 white
(4) None
(4) All coloured & No white
13. In which type of inheritance the results are affected
6. When the phenotypic and genotypic ratios resem-
by reciprocal cross :-
ble in the F2 generation it is an example of :-
(1) Nuclear (2) Cytoplasmic
(1) Independant assortment [RPMT-85, DPMT-85]
(3) Blending (4) All the above
(2) Qualitative inheritance
(3) Segregation of factors 14. Incomplete dominance occurs in :-
(4) Incomplete dominance (1) Mirabilis (2) Antirrhinum
(3) Andulasion fowl (4) All of the above
7. Which one carries extra nuclear genetic material
15. Which cross yields red, white & pink flowers variety
(1) Plastids [BHU-87]
of dog flower :-
(2) Ribosomes
(3) Chromosomes (1) RR X Rr (2) Rr X RR
(4) Golgi-complex (3) Rr X Rr (4) Rr X rr
16. What shall be ratio in offspring when a roan cow is 24. In a dihybrid cross, when one pair of alleles show
crossed with a white bull :- incomplete dominance, genotypic ratio comes to
(1) 1:2:1 (2) 3:1 (1) 3 : 6 : 3 : 1 : 2 : 1
(3) 1:1 (4) All roan (2) 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1
(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
17. Phenotypic ratio in codominance :-
(4) 1 : 2 : 1
(1) 1:2:1 (2) 3:1
(3) 2:1 (4) 2:1:3 25. Which of the following is the example of co-
dominance :-
18. Which of the following is exception to Mendel's laws
(1) HbA HbA, IA IB (2) Hbs Hbs, IA IB
(1) Linkage
(3) HbA Hbs, IA IB (4) Hbs Hbs, IA IA
(2) Incomplete dominance
26. When dominant and recessive alleles express itself
(3) Co-dominance
together it is called :– [AIPMT–2001]
(4) All of the above
(1) Co–dominance (2) Dominance
19. A roan bull is bred to three cows. Cow A has the (3) Amphidominance (4) Pseudodominance
same genotype as the roan bull. cow B is red and
cow C is white. what proportions of roan cows are 27. Extranuclear inheritance occurs in :[AIPMT–2001]
expected in the offsprings of each group of cows :- (1) Killer Paramecium
(1) 2,1,1 (2) 1,2,1 (2) Killer Amoeba
(3) 1,1,2 (4) 3,1 (3) Euglena
(4) Hydra
20. The scientist who first discovered cytoplasmic - in-
heritance was :- 28. Genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are
(1) Correns (2) Rhoades generally located in :- [A I P M T– 2 0 03 , 05]

(3) Mendel (4) Morgan (1) Chloroplast genome

(2) Mitochondrial genome
21. Shell coiling in Limnaea (Snail) is an example of :-
(3) Nuclear genome
(1) Maternal inheritance
(4) Cytosol
(2) Biparental inheritance
(3) Predetermination 29. Extranuclear inheritance is a consequence of
(4) Dauermodification presence of genes in :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]

(1) Lysosomes and ribosomes

22. Which is not an example of cytoplasmic inherit-
ance (2) Mitochondria and chloroplasts
(3) Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
(1) Female sterility in maize
(4) Ribosomes and chloroplast
(2) Sigma particle inheritance
30. Which of the following conditions represent a case
(3) Kappa particle inheritance
of co-dominant genes.
(4) Plastid inheritance
(1) A gene expresses itself, suppressing the
23. The two eukaryotic organelles responsible for cyto- phenotypic effect of its alleles
plasmic inheritance are :- (2) Genes that are similar in phenotypic effect when
(1) Lysosome & Mitocondria present separately, but when together interact
to produce a different trait
(2) Chloroplasts & Lysosomes
(3) Allele, both of which interact to produce a trait,
(3) Mitochondria & chloroplasts
which may resemble either of the parental type.
(4) Mitochondria & Golgi -complex (4) Alleles, each of which produces an independent
effect in heterozygous condition.
31. The phenomenon of incomplete dominance was (3) Epistatic gene
observed by :- (4) Supplementary gene
(1) De vries (2) Correns 39. The phenomenon in which an allele of one gene
(3) Tschermak (4) None suppresses the expression of an allele of another
32. Sickle cell anemia is :- [AIPMT-2009] gene is known as :- [AIPMT-95]

(1) Dominance (2) Inactivation

(1) Characterized by elongated sickle like RBCs with
a nucleus (3) Epistasis (4) Suppression

(2) An autosomal linked dominant trait 40. When two independentaly assorting dominant genes
(3) Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid interact with each other to produce perticular phe-
notype but when they present alone they did not
in the beta globin chain of haemoglobin
produce phenotype they are called :-
(4) Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA
(1) Complementary gene [AIPMT-96]
33. The most popularly known blood grouping is the (2) Supplementary gene
ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC,
(3) Duplicate gene
because "O" in it refers to having :- [AIPMT-2009]
(4) Inhibitory gene
(1) No antigens A and B on RBCs
41. Polygenic genes show :- [AIPMT-96]
(2) Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs
(1) Identical phenotype
(3) Overdominance of this type on the genes for A
(2) Identical biochemistry
and B types
(3) Different phenotype
(4) One antibody only - either anti–A or anti–B on
(4) Identical genotype
the RBCs
42. AB - Blood group shows :- [AIPMT-89]
34. Mendel did not propose :- [BHU-91, MP PMT-90]
(1) Co-dominance
(1) Dominance
(2) Complete dominance
(2) Incomplete dominance
(3) Mixed inheritance
(3) Segregation
(4) Composite inheritance
(4) Independent assortment
35. Epistasis was discovered by :- [AIPMT-90] 43. ABO blood group is an example of :- [AIPMT-90]
(1) Johanson (2) Shull (1) Epistasis
(3) Bateson (4) Mendel (2) Multiple allelism
(3) Pleotropism
36. Inheritance of skin colour in human beings is an
(4) Complementary genes
example of :- [BHU-80]

(1) Complementary gene 44. A child is blood group is 'O'. His parents blood group
(2) Monogenic inheritance can not be :- [AIPMT-94]

(3) Polygenic inheritance (1) B & O (2) A & O

(3) AB (4) A & B
(4) Mendelian inheritance
45. If one parent has blood group A and the other par-
37. Albinism in corn is due to :- [BHU-83]
ent has blood group B. The offsprings have which
(1) Pathogenic effect (2) Deficiency of light blood group :- [MP PMT-98]
(3) Deficiency of minerals (4) lethal gene effect (1) AB only (2) O only
(3) B only (4) A, B, AB, O
38. A gene which suppresses the effect of another gene
not located on the similar locus of the homologous 46. Ratio 9:7 is due to :- [AMU-93]
chromosomes :- [AIPMT-92] (1) Supplementary genes (2) Lethal genes
(1) Duplicate gene (3) complementary genes (4) Epistatic genes
(2) Complementary gene
47. A man of A blood group marries a woman of AB 56. Appearance of walnut-comb in poultry on a cross
blood group. which type of progeny would indicate between pure pea-comb and rose-comb animals
that man is heterozygous A :- [AIPMT-93]
due to :-
(1) AB (2) A
(1) Duplicate genes
(3) O (4) B
(2) Complementary genes
48. A child of O blood group, has B-blood group fa- (3) Additive gene
ther, the genotype of father would be :-
(4) Collaborative gene
(1) I0I0 (2) IBIB [AIPMT-92]
(3) IAIB (4) IBI0 57. Polygenic inheritance was first noted by :-
49. In a dihybrid cross, F2 ratio of 15:1 is due to :- (1) Davenport (2) Galton
BHU-85] (3) Mendel (4) Kolreuter
(1) Supplementary genes
58. If dominant C and P genes are essential for the
(2) Dominant epistasis development of purple colour in sweet pea flowers,
(3) Duplicate genes what would be the ratio of white and purple colour
(4) Recessive epistasis in a cross between CcPp× Ccpp

50. Andalucian fowl exhibits :- (1) 5 : 3 (2) 9 : 7

(1) Blending inheritance (2) Mosaic inheritance (3) 2 : 6 (4) 6 : 2

(3) Epistasis (4) Co-dominance 59. Blood grouping in humans is controlled by:-
(1) 4 alleles in which IA is dominant
51. Epistatic gene differs from dominant gene in :-
(2) 3 alleles in which IA and IB are dominant
(1)Epistatic gene is non-allelic
(3) 2 alleles in which none is dominant
(2)Epistatic gene never express itself independently
(4) 3 alleles in which IA is recessive
(3)Epistatic and hypostatic genes are present at
different loci 60. In polygenic inheritance trait which controlled by
(4) All the above three pairs of genes. Two individuals which are
heterozygous for three alleles, crossed each other.
52. A dihybrid ratio of 1:4:6:4:1 is obtained instead of
Such type of cross produces what phenotypic ratio :-
9:3:3:1. This is an example of :-
(1) 1 : 2 : 1
(1) Complementary gene
(2) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(2) Supplementary gene
(3) 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1
(3) Polygenic inheritance
(4) 1 : 6 : 15 : 20 : 15 : 6 : 1
(4) Incomplete dominance
61. In duroc jersey hog, the coat colour is dependant
53. A gene that shows it's effect on more than one char-
on two pairs of alleles, R and r and S and s. Any
acter is :-
genotype containing at least one R-gene and at
(1) Polygene (2) Pleotropic gene
least one S-gene results in red coat colour.The
(3) Multifactor gene (4) Multiple gene double recessive genotype results in white coat
54. In multiple allele system a gamete possesses :- colour. All other genotypes results in sandy coat
colour. If one hog with genotype "RrSs" mated with
(1) Two alleles (2) Three alleles
another hog with genotype "rrss" what kind of
(3) One allele (4) Several alleles
offsprings will be produced by above cross :-
55. An example of the quantitative trait in man is :- (1) 9 red : 6-sandy : 1 white
(1) Hair colour (2) 9 red : 3-sandy : 4 white
(2) Colour of eye (3) 12 red : 3-sandy : 1 white
(3) Skin colour (4) 1 red : 2-sandy : 1 white
(4) Shape of nose
62. Multiple alleles are present :- 68. When a red grain variety of wheat is crossed with
(1) In different chromosomes another white grain variety a F1-hybrid is produced.
On selfing of this F1- hybrid, how many offsprings
(2) At different loci on chromosome
of F2 - generation resemble phenotypically to it's
(3) At the same locus on homologous chromosomes parents (let grain colour of wheat controlled by three
(4) At the non homologous chromosome gene pairs )
(1) 2/16 (2) 20/64
63. Ratio of complementry genes is :– [AIPMT–2001]
(3) 15/64 (4) 2/64
(1) 9 : 3 : 4
(2) 12 : 3 : 1 69. Epistasis differs from dominance because
(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 4 (1) In epistasis one gene pair mask the expression
(4) 9 : 7 of another pair of genes
(2) Epistasis is an allelic interaction
64. Which of the following is the example of pleiotropic (3) Many genes collectively controls a particular
gene :– [AIPMT–2002] phenotype
(1) Haemophilia (4) One gene pair independently controls a
(2) Thalaessemea particular phenotype
(3) Sickle cell anaemia
70. In a plant flower colour is the example of quan-
(4) Colour blindness titative trait and controlled by one gene pair. How
65. In totmato, genotype aabbcc produces 100g many plants show parental phenotype in F2 gen-
tomatoes and AABBCC produces 160g eration:–
tomatoes. What is contribution of each polygene 2 2
(1) (2)
in the production of tomatoes:- 16 4
(1) 10 g (2) 20 g 2 2
(3) (4)
(3) 30 g (4) 40 g 64 256
71. (A) Pleiotropic genes have multiple phenotypic
66. In a family, father has a blood group 'A' and mother effect.
has a blood group 'B'. Their children show 50% (B) Muliple alleles exhibit same phenotypic expres-
probability for a blood group 'AB' idicating that – sion.
(1) Father is heterozygous (C) Polygenes exhibit continuous variation.
(1) Statement (A), (B) and (C) are correct
(2) Mother is heterozygous
(2) Statement (A), (C) correct and (B) is incorrect
(3) Either of parent is heterozygous (3) Statement (A), (B) and (C) are incorrect
(4) Mother is homozygous (4) Statement (B) and (C) are correct and (A) is
incorrect
67. In a plant three dominant independently assorting
gene A, B and C are essential for production of 72. In a genetic cross having recessive epistasis, F2
purple pigment. If any of the genes or all three phenotypic ratio would be :- [AIPMT-90]
genes are present in recessive condition then flower (1) 9:6:1 (2) 15:1
is colourless
(3) 9:3:4 (4) 12:3:1
A B C
Raw material X Y Z pigment 73. Grain colour in wheat is determined by three pairs
of polygenes. Following cross AABBCC (dark colour)
A purple plant with genotype AABBCC crossed
x aabbcc (light colour), in F2 generation what
with a colourless plant with genotype aabbcc gives
proportion of the progeny is likely to resemble either
purple F1 hybrid. On selfing of F1– what proportion
parent ?
of coloured offspring in F2 –
(1) None [AIIMS-2005]
27 1
(1) (2) (2) Less than 5 per cent
64 64
9 37 (3) One third
(3) (4)
64 64 (4) Half
74. In man, gene producing the disease phenyl 81. Incomplete dominance is found in :-
ketonuria also produces a number of abnormal
(1) Pisum sativum [C.G. PMT 2005]
phenotypic traits, which are collectively syndrome.
This gene results mental retardation, widely spaced (2) Antrrhinum majus
incisors, pigmented patches on the skin and (3) Both Pisum sativum and Antirrhinum majus
excessive sweating such types of genes are called (4) None of these
(1) Polygene (2) Pleiotropic gene
82. The 1 : 2 :1 ratio with the pink flower in the F2
(3) Lethal gene (4) Supplimentary gene generation indicate the phenomenon of :-
75. Sickle cell anaemia induces due to :-[AIPMT–2001] (1) dominance [ J h ar kh and 2 0 05 ]

(1) Change of Amino Acid in  – chain of (2) codominance

Haemoglobin (3) incomplete dominance
(2) Change of Amino Acid in  – chain of (4) segregation
Haemoglobin
83. In Mirabilis red (RR) and white (rr) flower produces
(3) Change of Amino Acid in both and  chain pink (Rr) flower. A plant with pink flower is crossed
of Haemoglobin
with white flower the expected phenotypic ratio
(4) Change of Amino acid either  or  chain of is :- [ J h ar kh and 2 0 03 ]
Haemoglobin
(1) red : pink : white (1 : 2: 1)
76. Which one of the following conditions though (2) pink : white (1 : 1)
harmful in itself, is also a potential sviour from a
mosquito borne infectious disease: [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ] (3) red : pink (1 : 1)

(1) Thalaessaemia (4) red : white (3 : 1)

(2) Sickle cell anaemia 84. A child with mother of 'A' blood group and father
(3) Pernicius anaemia of 'AB' blood group will be :- [Bihar 2 00 3]

(4) Leukemia (1) O (2) A

(3) A and O (4) O and B
77. In which mode of inheritance do you expect more
maternal influence among the offspring?[AIPMT-2006] 85. Epistasis implies :- [Bihar 2 00 1]

(1) Autosomal (2) Cytoplasmic (1) One pair of genes can completely mask the
(3) Y-linked (4) X-linked expression of another pair of genes

78. Inheritance of skin colour in humans is an example (2) One pair of genes independently controls a
of :- [AIPMT 2007] particular phenotype
(1) chromosomal aberration (3) One pair of genes enhances the phenotypic
(2) point mutation expression of another pair of genes
(3) polygenic inheritance
(4) Many genes collectively control a particular
(4) codominance
phenotype
79. ABO blood groups in humans are controlled by the
gene I. It has three alleles - IA, IB and i. Since there 86. The possible blood groups of children born to
are three different alleles, six different genotypes parents having A and AB groups are :-
are possible. How many phenotypes can occur? [UP CPMT 2001]
(1) Four (2) Two [CBSE 2010] (1) O, A (2) A, B, AB
(3) Three (4) One (3) O, A, B (4) O, A, B, AB
80. What would be the colour of flower in F1 progeny 87. A man with blood group B marries a female with
as a result of cross between homozygous red and blood group A and their first child is having blood
homozygous white flowered Snapdragon :- group B. What is the genotype of child :-
[C.G. PMT 2 004] (1) IAIB (2) IAIO [UP CPMT 2005]
(1) Red (2) White (3) IBIO (4) IBIB
(3) Red and White (4) Pink
88. A child with mother of blood group A and father 95. A polygenic trait is controlled by 3 genes A, B and
of blood group AB, will not have which of the C. In a cross AaBbCc × AaBbCc, the phenotypic
following blood group :- [UP CPMT 2006] ratio of the offsprings was observed as :
(1) A (2) B 1 : 6 : × : 20 : × : 6 : 1
(3) AB (4) O what is the possible value of x? [DPMT 2011]

89. Kappa-particles shows :- [MP PMT 2003] (1) 3 (2) 9

(1) cytoplasmic inheritance (3) 15 (4) 25
(2) Nuclear inheritance 96. Sickel cell anemia is the result of __________
(3) Nucleo-cytoplasmic inheritance mutation in the haemoglobin gene :- [AMU 2011]

(4) Mutation (1) frame shift (2) deletion

90. If mother has blood group B, father has A group, (3) point (4) none of the above
the offspring will be of :- [MP PMT 2001] 97. Gene for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are
(1) A (2) O generally located in the :- [AMU 2011]

(3) AB (4) any of the above (1) chloroplast genome

91. Two nonallelic genes produces the new phenotype (2) mitochondrial genome
when present together but fail to do so (3) nucleaer genome
independently then it is called :– [AIPMT–2001] (4) cytosol
(1) Epistatisis 98. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both
(2) Polygene genotypic and phenotypic ratios are same as
(3) Non complimentary gene 1 : 2 : 1. It represents a case of :-

(4) Complimenatry gene [AIPMT (Pre.) 2012]

92. In incomplete dominance ratio of Red : Pink : White (1) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance
is :- [ W est B e ng al 2 0 0 7 ] (2) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
(1) 1 : 2 : 1 (3) Co-dominance
(2) 1 : 1 : 2 (4) Dihybrid cross
(3) 1 : 2 : 2 99. A certain road accident patient with unknown blood
(4) 2 : 2 : 1 group needs immediate blood transfusion. His one
doctor friend at once offers his blood. What was the
93. A person with unknow blood group under ABO
blood group of the donor ? [AIPMT (Pre.) 2012]
system, has suffered much blood loss in an accident
and needs immediate blood transfusion. His one (1) Blood group O
friend who has a valid certificate of his own blood (2) Blood group A
type, offers for blood donation without delay. What (3) Blood group B
would have been the type of blood group of the
(4) Blood group AB
donor friend ? [AIPMT (Pre.) 2011]
100. When both alleles of a pair are fully expressed in
(1) Type B (2) Type AB
a heterozygote, theye are called :- [AMU 2012]
(3) Type O (4) Type A
(1) Lethals (2) Co-dominants
94. A polygenic inheritance in human beings is
(3) Semi-dominants (4) Recessive allele
(1) skin colour [RPMT 2011]
101. Which of the four couples claiming the baby with
(2) sickle cell anaemia O+ blood type are possibly the biological parents
(3) colour blindness of it? [Olympiad 2012]

(4) phenylketonuria (1) AB– and A+ (2) A+ and O–

(3) O+ and AB+ (4) B– and O–
102. The weight of fruit in a plant is determined by the (2) Dominance
number of dominant alleles of a certain number of (3) Recessive epistasis
genes. If seven weight categories are noticed, how
(4) Pleurotropic effect of genes
many gene sites would be involved?
104. A rooster with gray feathers was mated with a hen
[Olympiad 2012]
of same phenotype. Among their offspring 15 were
(1) two (2) three gray, 6 black and 8 white. What phenotypes would
(3) four (4) five you expect among the offspring resulting from
103. When a red flowered plant was cross pollinated by mating of gray rooster and black hen?
white flowered one and the offspring were self (1) all black [Olympiad 2012]
pollinated to obtain a phenotypic ratio of 1:2:1, it (2) all gray
has to be a case of :- [Olympiad 2012]
(3) Equal proportion of black and gray
(1) Incomplete dominance
(4) 1/4 gray and 3/4 black

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans. 1 1 2 1 2 4 1 3 1 4 1 1 2 4 3 3 1 4 1 1

Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Ans. 3 1 3 2 3 1 1 2 2 4 2 4 1 2 3 3 4 3 3 1

Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Ans. 3 1 2 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 3 2 3 3 4 4 1 2 4

Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

Ans. 4 3 4 3 1 3 1 4 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 4

Que. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

Ans. 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 4 1 4 4 1 3 1 3 3 2 2 1 2

Que. 101 102 103 104

Ans. 2 2 1 3
 Linkage, Sex linkage, Sex Determination

1. What is the inheritance of colour blindness of both 8. Which of the following is not a sex linked charac-
parents having a normal vision but mother has a ters
recessive gene for colour blindness :-[AIPMT-90-96] (1) Haemophilia (2) Colour blindness
Son Daughter
(3) Hypertrichosis (4) Baldness
(1) 50% Nil
9. A gene located on Y-chromosome and therefore,
(2) 100% Nil
transmitted from father to son is known as:-
(3) Nil 100%
(1) Supplementary gene
(4) Nil Nil
(2) Complementary gene
2. What would be the nature of children if a colour (3) Duplicate gene
blind woman marries a normal man :- [AIPMT-95]
(4) Holandric gene
(1) Colourblind daughter & normal sons
(2) Colourblind sons and carrier daughters 10. The condition in which only one allele of a pair is
present in a diploid organism is known as :-
(3) Normal sons & carrier daughters
(1) Homozygous
(4) Normal sons & Normal daughters
(2) Heterozygous
3. A colourblind man marries a normal lady whose (3) Hemizygous
father was colour blind. If it produces two sons &
(4) Incomplete dominance
two daughters, how many of them would be suffer
(1) Both sons [AIIMS-85,AFMS-88] 11. Colourblindness is a :-
(2) Both daughters (1) Sex limited character (2) Sex linked character
(3) One son & one daughter (3) Sex influenced character (4) None
(4) Both sons & both daughters
12. Baldness in man is a :-
4. A colourblind daughter is born when :[MP PMT-98] (1) Autosomal character (2) Sex linked character
(1) Father is colourblind, mother is normal (3) Sex influenced character (4) 1 and 3 both
(2) Mother is colourblind, father is normal
13. A colourblind man marries a daughter of colourblind
(3) Mother is carrier, father is normal
father, then in the offsprings :-
(4) Mother is carrier, father is colourblind
(1) All sons are colourblind
5. Hypertrichosis is :-
(2) All daughters are colourblind
(1) Holandric character
(2) X-Linked character (3) Half sons are colourblind

(3) Diagenic character (4) No daughter is colourblind

(4) Sex-influened character 14. A woman with normal vision marries a man with
normal vision and gives birth to a colourblind son.
6. In which of the following the inheritance takes place
Her husband dies and she marries a colourblind
only by male :-
man. what is the probability of her children having
(1) Nuclear (2) Cytoplasmic the abnormality :-
(3) co-dominance (4) Holandric inheritance
(1) 50% colourblind sons + 50% colourblind daugh-
7. What shall be the ratio of heterozygous, homozygous ters
and colourblind hemizygous in offsprings of a col- (2) All sons colourblind & daughter carrier
our blind husband & a carrier wife :-
(3) All daughter colourblind & sons normal
(1) 1:1:2 (2) 1:1:1
(3) 2:1:1 (4) 1:2:1 (4) 50% sons colourblind and all daughters normal
15. A single recessive trait which can express its effect 20. In maize coloured endosperm (C) is dominant over
should occur on :- colourless (c) and full endosperm (R) is dominant
(1) Any autosome over shrunken (r). When a dihybrid of F1-genera-
tion was test crossed it produced four phenotypes
(2) Any-chromosome
in the following percentage
(3) X-chromosome of female
Coloured and Full = 45%
(4) X- chromosome of male
Coloured – Shrunken = 5%
16. Sex- linked disorders are generally :-
Colourless – Full = 4%
(1) Lethal (2) Recessive
Colourless – Shrunken = 46%
(3) Dominant (4) Not inherited
From these data what would be distance between
17. In Drosophila crossing over occurs in female but the two non allelic genes :-
not in male. Gene A and B are 10 map unit apart
(1) 48 unit (2) 9 unit
on chromosome. A female Drosophila with
(3) 4 unit (4) 12 unit
AB
genotype . and male Drosophila with
ab 21. What ratio is expected in offsprings if father is colour
blind and mother's father was colour blind :-
AB
genotype . How many type of gametes are (1) 50% daughter - colour blind [AIPMT–1999]
ab
produced by female and male Drosophila (2) All the sons are colour blind
respectively (3) All the daughters colour blind
(1) 4 types : 2 types (2) 2 types : 2 types (4) All the sons are normal
(3) 4 types : 4 types (4) 4 types : one types 22. A and B genes are linked. What shall be genotype
of progeny in a cross between AB/ab and ab/ab :
18. A scientist performed the gene mapping
(1) AAbb and aabb [AIPMT–2001]
experiments in maize. He mapped the genes on
chromosomes on the basis of % crossing over (2) AaBb and aabb
between different genes. One map unit corresponds (3) AABB and aabb
to one % crossing over or recombination. The genes (4) None
showing more than 50% recombination were not
23. Male XX and female XY sometime occur due to :
supposed to be linked on same chromosome. In
(1) Deletion [AIPMT–2001]
crossing over studies on maize, scientist observed
(2) Transfer of segments in X and Y chromosomes
the following % crossing over between genes A,
(3) Anneuploidy
B, C, D –between. A and D 10%, between A and
C 3%, between genes C and D 7%, between genes (4) Hormonal imbalance
A and B 5%, and between genes C and B 8%. 24. There are three genes a, b, c percentage of crossing
On the basis of above observation find out the over between a and b is 20%, b and c is 28%
correct sequence of genes A, B, C and D on and a and c is 8%. What is the sequence of genes
chromosomes:- on chromosome [AIPMT–2002]

(1) BCDA (2) ABCD (1) b, a, c (2) a, b, c

(3) BACD (4) DACB (3) a, c, b (4) None

19. In a cross between individuals homozygous for (a, 25. The linkage map of X-chromosome of fruitfly has
b) and wild type (+ +). In this cross 700 out of 1000 66 units, with yellow body gene (y) at one end and
individuals were of parental type. Then the distance bobbed hair (b) gene at the other end. The
between a and b is :- recombination frequency between these two genes
(y and b) should be :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ]
(1) 70 map unit (2) 35 map unit
(1) 60% (2) > 50%
(3) 30 map unit (4) 15 map unit
(3)  50% (4) 100%
26. Pattern baldness, moustaches and beard in human 34. Which of the following show linkage group in
males are examples of [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ] coupling phase :-
(1) Sex linked traits
(2) Sex limited traits (1) (2)
(3) Sex differentiating traits
(4) Sex-determining traits
(3) (4)
27. When a cluster of genes show linkage behaviour
they :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ] 35. The longer the chromosome of an organism, the
(1) Do not show a chromosome map more genetic variability it gets from :-
(2) Show recombination during meiosis (1) Independent assortment
(3) Do not show independent assortment (2) Linkage
(4) Induce cell division (3) Crossing over

28. Genetic Map is one that :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ] (4) Mutation

(1) Establishes sites of the genes on a chromosome 36. Which statement is incorrect about linkage-
(2) Establishes the various stages in gene evolution (1) It helps in maintaining the valuable traits of new
(3) Shows the stages during the cell division varieties
(4) Shows the distribution of various species in a (2) It helps in forming new recombinants
region
(3) Knowledge of linkage helps the breeder to
29. One of the genes present exclusively on the X– combine all desirable traits in a single variety.
chromosome in humans is concerned with (4) It helps in locating genes on chromosome
(1) Baldness [AIIMS– 2 0 0 3 ]
37. Which of the following is not a hereditary disease
(2) Red green colour blindness.
(1) Haemophilia [AIPMT-2005]
(3) Facial hair/Moustaches in males.
(2) Cretinism
(4) Night blindness.
(3) Cystic fibrosis
30. The recessive genes located on X–chromosome in
(4) Thalassaemia
humans are always :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]
(1) Expressed in females (2) Lethal 38. A woman with normal vision, but whose father was
colour blind, marries a colour blind man. Suppose
(3) Sub–lethal (4) Expressed in males
that the fourth child of this couple was a boy. This
31. Lack of independent assortment of two genes A boy – [AIPMT-2005]
and B in fruit fly Drosophila is due to :- (1) Must have normal colour vision
[A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]
(2) May be colour blind or may be normal vision
(1) Crossing over (2) Repulsion
(3) Recombination (4) Linkage (3) Will be partially colour blind since he is
32. A normal woman, whose father was colour–blind heterozygous for the colour blind mutant allele
is married to a normal man. The sons would be (4) Must be colour blind
[A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]
(1) All colour–blind (2) 75% colour–blind 39. Haemophilia is more commonly seen in human
(3) 50% colour–blind (4) All normal males than in human females because –
[AIPMT-2005]
33. If father shows normal genotype and mother shows (1) This disease is due to a Y–linked recessive
a carrier trait for haemophelia[OLYMPIAD–2004] mutation
(1) All the female children will be carrier (2) This disease is due to an X–linked recessive
(2) A male child has 50% chances of active disease mutation
(3) Female child has probability of 50% to active (3) This disease is due to an X–linked dominant
disease mutation
(4) A greater proportion of girls die in infancy
(4) All the female children will be colourblind
40. A man and a woman,who do not show any apparent 47. With increasing age the linkage becomes :-
signs of a certain inherited disease, have seven (1) Strong (2) Weak
children (2 daughters and 5 sons). Three of the sons (3) Terminates (4) Remains unchange
suffer from the given disease but none of the
daughters are affected. Which of the following mode 48. Coupling and Repulsion theory produced by :-
of inheritance do you suggest for this disease (1) Morgan (2) Bateson
(1) Sex–limited recessive [AIPMT-2005] (3) Muller (4) De vries
(2) Autosomal dominant
49. If there were only parental combinations in F2
(3) Sex–linked recessive of a dihybrid cross then Mendel might have
(4) Sex–linked dominant discovered :-

41. Mendel did not include in his laws :- [RPMT-90]

(1) Independant assortment

(1) Segregation (2) Dominance (2) Atavism

(3) Purity of gametes (4) Linkage (3) Linkage
(4) Repulsion
42. If Mendel has chosen to study traits determined by
linked genes he would not have discovered 50. Linkage discovered in Drosophila by :-
(1) Law of segregation [A IIM S-8 7] (1) Bateson (2) Morgan
(2) Law of dominance (3) Muller (4) Correns
(3) Law of independant assortment
51. Mendelian dihybrid and dihybrid with linkage are
(4) Law of unit character
re spectively realated with how many
43. Which law would have been violated if Mendel had chromosomes :-
chosen eight characters in garden -pea : (1) 1 pair & 2 pair (2) 2 pair & 1 pair
(1) Law of dominance [RPMT-90, AIPMT-90-96] (3) 2 pair & 2 pair (4) 1 pair & 1 pair
(2) Law of segregation
52. A dihybrid plant with incomplete linkage on test
(3) Law of independant assortment
cross may produce how many types of plants:-
(4) Law of purity of gametes
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 8 (4) 1
44. Mendel had a difficulty in explaining the linked char-
53. How many linkage group are there in nucleoid of
acters due to :- [AIPMT-90]
bacteria :-
(1) Law of dominance
(1) One (2) Two
(2) Law of segregation
(3) Four (4) None
(3) Law of independant assortment
(4) All the above 54. If distance between gene on chromosome is more,
then gene shows :-
45. If Mendel might have studies 7 pairs of characters
(1) Weak linkage (2) Strong linkage
in a plant with 12 chromosomes. instead of 14,
then :- [AIPMT-98] (3) Less crossing (4) 1 & 3 both
(1) He could not discover independant assortment 55. Linked gene shows :-
(2) He might have not discovered linkage
(1) Always parental combination
(3) He might have discovered crossing-over
(2) Sometimes new combinations
(4) He might have not observed dominance
(3) Always new combination
46.19The first attempt to show linkage in plants was done (4) New combination more
in [BHU-84]
(1) Pisum sativum 56. The number of linkage groups in a cell having 10
pairs of chromosomes are :-
(2) Lathyrus odoratus
(3) Zea mays (1) 5 (2) 10

(4)Oenothera lamarckiana (3) 15 (4) 20

57. The association of parental characters combinations 64. Select the incorrect statement from the following :-
in the offsprings of a dihybrid is excess to non-pa-
(1) Baldness is a sex-limited trait [AIPMT-2009]
rental combinations is said to be due to :-
(2) Linkage is an exception to the principle of
(1) Co-dominance (2) Blending inheritance
independent assortment in heredity
(3) Linkage (4) Duplicate genes
(3) Galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism
58. Complete linkage is found in :-
(4) Small population size results in random genetic
(1) Birds (2) Snakes drift in a population
(3) Female- Drosophila (4) Male - Drosophila
65. How the sex of offsprings determined in humans
59. A phenomenon which works opposite to the link- (1) Sex chromosome of mother [MP PMT-98]
age is :-
(2) Size of ovum
(1) Independent assortment (3) Size of sperm
(2) Crossing-over (4) Sex chromosome of father
(3) Segregation
66. Test cross can not be performed in :-
(4) Mutation
(1) Neurospora (2) Man
60. Cross over value (COV) of gene A and B is 5% (3) Pea (4) Dogs
while COV of genes B and C is 15% the possible 67. In plants sex determination due to :-
sequence of these genes on chromosome is :- (1) X – chromosome (2) Y – chromosome
(1) A-B-C (2) C-A-B (3) A – chromosome (4) B – Chromosome
(3) B-C-A (4) Both (1) & (2) 68. Which of the following possess homogametic male
(1) Plants (2) Man
61. A test cross of F1 flies +a/+b produced the following
(3) Insect (4) Birds
offspring
69. Which scientist discovered sex determination in
++/ab = 9
Melandrium album :-
ab/ab = 9
(1) H.E. Warmke
+b/ab = 41 (2) Pro.R.P.Roy
a+/ab = 41 (3) C.B. Bridges
What will be distance between linked gene :– (4) Wilson & Stevens
(1) 82 cM (2) 18 cM (cis) 70. In free martin condition :-
(3) 20 cM (4) 18 cM (trans) (1) Female is sterile and male is normal
62. In female Drosophila the linked gene exhibit (2) Male sterile and female is normal
recombination during meiosis of gamete formation, (3) Both male & female are sterile
but such a recombination does not occur during the (4) Both male & female normal
formation of sperm in male Drosophila
71. Which chromosome set is found in male grass
(1) Male Drosophila is sterile
hopper :-
(2) Male Drosophila is parthenogenetic male
(1) 2A + XY (2) 2A + XO
(3) No crossing over occur in male Drosophila
(3) 2A + YY (4) 2A + XX
(4) Male Drosophila is haploid
72. Genic balance theory for sex determination in Dro-
63. Mendel observed the certain characters did not as-
sophila was proposed by :-
sort independently. Later researches, found it to
(1) Pro. R.P.Roy
be due to :- [MP PMT-98, CG PMT 2006]
(2) H.E.Warmke
(1) Amitosis (2) Linkage
(3) C.B. Bridges
(3) Dominance (4) Crossing -over
(4) Mc. clung
73. In Bonellia, all larvae are genetically and
cytologically similar. In this worm male individuals
live in the uterus of female. If a particular larva
settle near proboscis of an adult female, it becomes
a male individuals. If larva develops free in water
it becomes :-
(1) Male individuals (2) Female individuals
(3) Intersex (4) Any of the above
74. In Neurospora all alleles express their effect
because :-
(1) Each gene has many alleles
(2) Many genes has only one allele
(3) It has only one allele of a gene
(4) There are two alleles of a gene
75. In Drosophila the XXY condition leads to female-
ness whereas in human beings the same condition
leads to Klienfelter's syndrome in male. It proves
(1) In human beings Y chromosome is active in sex
determination [AIPMT–2000]
(2) Y chromosome is active in sex determination
in both human beings and Drosophila
(3) In Drosophila Y - chromosome decides
femaleness
(4) Y chromosome of man has genes for syndrome
76. No. of Bar Body in XXXX female :-[AIPMT–2001]
(1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 3 (4) 4
77. In Drosophila, the sex is determined by :-
(1) The ratio of number of X–chromosomes to the
sets of autosomes [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ]
(2) X and Y chromosomes
(3) The ratio of pairs of X-chromosomes to the pairs
of autosomes
(4) Whether the egg is fertilized or develops
parthenogenetically
78. In Drosophila formation of gynandromorph and their
cytological explaination provide best evidence that
(1) X–Chromosome plays important role in sex
determination
(2) X–Chromosome does not play any role in sex
determination
(3) Y–Chromosome does not play any role in sex
determination
(4) Y–Chromosome required for maleness.
79. In Drosophila male differentiation is controlled by:
(1) No. of Y–chromosome
(2) No. of X–chromosomes
(3) Ratio between number of X–chromosome and
the set of autosome
(4) Sets of autosome
80. TDF gene is a :-
(1) A gene present on X–chromosome
(2) A segment of RNA
(3) A proteinaceous factor
(4) A gene present on Y–chromosome
81. A cross between white eyed female and red eyed
male Drosophila gives rise red eyed females and
white eyed male. Rarely the cross gives rise to white
eyed females and red eyed males. This is due to
(1) Loss of one X-chromosome
(2) Segregation of X- chromosome in female
(3) Non disjunction of X- chromosome in female
(4) Non disjunction of X- chromosome in male
82. Human embryo have all the genetic instructions,
it needed to become a male or female. The male
foetus have a master gene which acts as a biological
switch, turning other genes on and off. Loss of this
gene results in female which remain sexually
immature. This master gene is located on :-
(1) Homologous part of X–chromosome
(2) Non homologous part of X–chromosome
(3) All the autosome
(4) Y–chromosome
83. A diseased man marries a normal woman. They
get three daughters and five sons. All the daugh-
ters were diseased and sons were normal. The gene
of this disease is :– [AIPMT–2002]
(1) Sex linked dominant (2) Sex linked recessive
(3) Sex limited character (4) Autosomal dominant
84. Which one of the following is the most suitable
medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster ?
(1) Moist bread [AIPMT-2006]
(2) Agar-agar
(3) Ripe banana (4) cow dung
85. If a colourblind woman marries a normal visioned
man, their sons will be – [AIPMT-2006]
(1) All normal visioned
(2) One–half colourblind and one–half normal
(3) Three–fourths colourblind and one– fourth
normal
(4) All colourblind
86. Two genes R and Y are located very close on the 93. Barr body is associated with :- [UP CPMT 2002]
chromosomal linkage map of maize plant. When (1) sex chromosome of female
RRYY and rryy genotypes are hybridized, the F2
segregaion will show :- [AIPMT 2007] (2) sex chromosome of male
(1) Higher number of the recombinant types. (3) autosome of female
(2) Segregation in the expected 9:3:3:1 ratio. (4) autosome of male
(3) Segregation in 3:1 ratio. 94. Genetic recombination is due to :-
(4) Higher number of the parental types (1) fertilization and meiosis [UP CPMT 2002]

87. Select the corrrect statement from the ones gives (2) mitosis and meiosis
below with respect to dihybrid cross : [CBSE 2010] (3) fertilzation and mitosis
(1) Genes loosely linked on the same chromosome (4) fertilization and amitosis
show similar recombinatios as the tightly linked 95. Haemophilic female marries normal male, the
ones theoretical ratio of their offsprings regarding
(2) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome haemophilia will be :- [UP CPMT 2005]
show very few recombinations (1) All offsprings are haemophilic
(3) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome (2) All girls are haemophilic
show higher recombination
(3) All sons are haemophilic
(4) Genes far apart on the same chromosome show
(4) half daughters and half sons are haemophilic
very few recombinations
96. Gynandromorphs are animals having :-
88. Who postulated the 'Chromosome Theory of
[UP CPMT 2006]
Inheritance' :- [C.G. PMT 2 004]
(1) same sex in all cells of the body
(1) De Vries (2) Mendel
(2) both sexes in all cells of the body
(3) Sutton and Boveri (4) Morgan
(3) same sex in different cells of the body
89. Drosophila melanogaster has :-
(4) different sexes in different cells of the body
[C.G. PMT 2 004]
(1) 2 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex 97. In male grass hoppers and moths there are two
chromosomes pairs of autosomes and :- [UP CPMT 2006]

(2) 3 pairs of autosomes and 3 pairs of sex (1) X only (2) X and Y
chromosomes (3) Y only (4) none of these
(3) 1 pairs of autosomes and 3 pairs of sex 98. Which of the following symbols are used for
chromosomes representing sex chromosome of birds :-
(4) 3 pairs of autosomes and 1 pairs of sex
[UP CPMT 2007]
chromosomes
(1) ZZ – ZW (2) XX – XY
90. Which one of the following is associated with sex-
linked inheritance :- [B ihar 2 00 2] (3) XO – XX (4) ZZ – WW
(1) Night-blindness (2) muscular dystrophy 99. Gene for colourblindness is located on :-
[MP PMT 2007]
(3) astigmatism (4) Polydactyly
(1) Y chromosome (2) 13th chromosome
91. Haemophilia is :-
(3) X chromosome (4) 21th cromosome
(1) deficiency disorder [B ihar 2 00 1]
100. X-linked recessive gene is :- [MP PMT 2007]
(2) male sex chromosome disorder
(1) always expressed in male
(3) female sex chromosome disorder
(2) always expressed in female
(4) autosomal disorder
(3) lethal (4) sub lethal
92. Sex determination ratio in an organism is given
101. Linkage was first studied by :- [MP PMT 2001]
X
by  1.5 , then organism will be :-[Bihar 2001] (1) Darwin
A
(2) Morgan
(1) male (2) female
(3) Bateson and Punnett
(3) super female (4) intersex
(4) Mendel
102. In man sex linked characters are mainly transmitted 109. In Drosophila sex index of super female is :-
through :- [MP PMT 2005] (1) 1 (2) 0.5
(1) X-chromosome
(3) 1.5 (4) 0.67
(2) Autosomes
110. If X/A Ratio of two Drosophila is 0.6 and 0.33
(3) Y-chromosome respectively what would be their sex :-
(4) X-chromosome, Y-chromosome and Autosomes
(1) Female & male
103. Klinefelter's syndrome has chromosome
(2) Super female & super male
arrangement :- [MP PMT 2005]

(1) XX (2) XXY (3) Inter sex & super male

(3) XY (4) XO (4) Inter sex and super female

104. If a colourblind woman marries with a normal man. 111. Which of the following genotype represent intersex
The offspring will be :- [MP PMT 2005] Drosophila :-
(1) All colourblind (1) 2A + XXX (2) 2A + XXY
(2) All daughters normal and all son will be (3) 3A + XXY (4) 2A + XY
colourblind 112. Which one of the following conditions correctly
(3) All normal describes the manner of determining the sex in the
given example ? [AIPM T (Pre.) 201 1]
(4) All daughters will be colourblind and all sons
(1) Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine
will be normal
female sex in Birds.
105. If somatic cells of a human male contain single (2) XO type of sex chromosomes determine male
Barrbody, the genetic composition of the person sex in grasshopper
would be :- [MP PMT 2001] (3) XO condition in humans as found in Turner
(1) XYY (2) XXY Syndrome, determines female sex.
(3) XO (4) XXXY (4) Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce
male in Drosophila
106. If a colourblind man is married to a normal woman,
then from the point of view of disease, their 113. Which one of the following conditions of the zygotic
offsprings will be :- [MP PMT 2002] cell would lead to the birth of a normal human female
child ? [ AI PM T ( M ain s ) 20 11]
(1) All sons will be colourblind
(1) One X and one Y chromosome
(2) All daughters will be colourblind (2) Two X chromosome
(3) all sons and daughters will be normal (3) Only one Y chromosome
(4) All sons and daughters will be colour blind (4) Only one X chromosome
114. Walter Sutton is famous for his contribution to :-
107. The theory where ratio between the number of
(1) Gentic engineering [DPMT 2011]
X-chromosomes and number of complete sets of
(2) Totipotency
autosomes will determine the sex is known as :-
(3) Qantitative genetics
[MP PMT 2002]
(4) Chromosomal theory of inheritance
(1) Chromosome theory of sex determination 115. If a colour blind man marries a girl who is normal
( h o m o z y g o u s ) f o r t hi s ch a r a c t r , t h e n
(2) Genic balance theory of sex determination genotypically :- [AMU 2011]
(3) Harmonal balance theory of sex determination (1) sons and daughters will be normal
(2) sons wil be colour blind, daughters will be normal
(4) environmental sex determination
(3) sons will be normal, daughters wil be carriers
108. Sex determination in humans takes place by :- (4) both sons and daughters will be colour blind
116. Frequency of crossing over will be relatively more
(1) sex chromosomes of father [MP PMT 2004]
if :- [AMU 2011]
(2) measurement of sperm (1) distance between the two genes is less
(2) distance between the two genes is more
(3) measurement of ovum
(3) linked genes are more
(4) sex chromosomes of mother (4) both (2) & (3)
117. Presence of recombinants is due to :-[AMU 2011] 121. Represented below is the inheritance pattern of a
(1) crossing over (2) linkage
certain type of traits in humans. Which one of the
(3) lack of independent assortment
(4) all of the above following conditions could be an example of this
118. Consider the following human disorders : i. pattern? [AIPMT (Mains) 2012]
Haemophilia ii. Down's Syndrome iii. Cystic fibrosis
iv. Colour bilindness v. Night blindness. Which of
these disorders exhibit 'Mendelian' pattern of
Female Male
inheritance? [Olympiad 2011]
Mother Father
(1) ii, iii and iv (2) i, ii and iii
(3) i, iii, and v (4) i, iii and iv
Daughter Son
119. A man and woman are both affected by vitamin D
resistance rickets, which is a dominant sex-linked
allele. All of the female offsprings of this couple are
affected with rickets but some of the male offsprings (1) Haemophilia (2) Thalassemia
are not. What are the genotypes of the parents? (3) Phenylketonuria (4) Sickle cell anaemia
[Olympiad 2011] 122. Depending upon the distance between any two
(1) Both are homozygous for the trait. genes which is inversely proportional to the strength
(2) The woman has two dominant alleles and man of linkage, cross overs will vary from :-[AMU 2012]
has one dominant allele. (1) 50-100% (2) 0-50%
(3) Both parents have only recessive alleles. (3) 75-100% (4) 100-150%
(4) Each parent has only one dominant allele. 123. The number of linkage group of E.Coli is/are :-
120. A normal visioned man whose father was (1) One (2) Two [MP PMT 2012]
colour-blind marries a woman whose father was also (3) Four (4) Six
colour blind. They have their first child as a daughter. 124. Genes are located in :- [MP PMT 2012]
What are the chances that this child would be (1) Ribosomes (2) Lysosomes
colour-blind? [AIPMT (Pre.) 2012] (3) Chromosomes (4) Spherosomes
(1) 25% (2) 50% 125. Crossing over takes place in :- [MP PMT 2012]
(3) 100% (4) Zero percent (1) mitotic cells (2) meiotic cells
(3) mutating cells (4) amitotic cells

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans. 1 2 3 4 1 4 2 4 4 3 2 4 3 1 4 2 1 3 3 2
Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Ans. 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 1 2 4 4 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 3
Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Ans. 4 3 3 3 1 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 4 2 4
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Ans. 4 3 2 1 4 1 2 4 1 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 3 3 4
Que. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Ans. 3 4 1 3 4 4 2 3 4 2 3 3 1 1 3 4 1 1 3 1
Que. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. 3 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 4 1 2 1 4 4 4
Que. 121 122 123 124 125
Ans. 1 2 1 3 2
 EXERCISE-4
Human genetics, Population genetics, Gene Expression, Gene
Regulation, DNA finger printing, Cloning, Human genome project
1. There are two alleles (A1 & A2) out of which one 8. A tobacco plant heterozygous for albinism is self-
(A1) has nil abundance in a population then the pollinated and 1200 seeds are subsequently ger-
abundance of second allele (A2) is :- [A IIM S-9 6] minated. How many seedlings would have the pa-
(1) 0.25 (2) 1.00 rental genotype :-
(3) 0.40 (4) 0.50 (1) 900 (2) 600
(3) 1200 (4) 300
2. If a normal woman marries an albino man and their
offsprings are half albino, half normal the woman 9. Which one of the following character in man is con-
is :- [MP PMT-98] trolled by recessive gene :-
(1) Homozygous normal (1) Colourblindness (2) Woolly hair
(2) Heterozygous normal (3) Brachy-dactyly (4) Curly hairs
(3) Homozygous recessive
10. Any changes in gene frequency in a population is
(4) Homozygous dominant
called :-
3. Which is a dominant trait :- [MP PMT-88] (1) Gene flow (2) Genetic drift
(1) Colour blindness (3) Gene pool (4) Gene conservation
(2) Albinism
11. The migration of gene in to a population from other
(3) Haemophilia
population by interbreeding is called
(4) Rh factor
(1) Gene pool (2) Gene flow
4. Parents are carrier for albinism. What will be the (3) Genetic drift (4) Gene erosion
first three children :- [MP PMT-88]

(1) Some normal, heterozygous & albino 12. What is the probability of three daughters to a
couple in three children :-
(2) All normal
(3) All heterozygous albino 1 1
(1) (2)
(4) No normal 4 8

5. If a cross is made between two individuals each

1 3
having genotype Bb, two offsprings are obtained. (3) (4)
16 8
Out of these first has dominant trait. What is the
probability that the second offspring will exhibit
13. In human right handedness is dominant over left
recessive trait
handedness. What offsprings would be expected
(1) 1/4 (2) 100 from two left handed parents :-
(3) Zero (4) 3/4 (1) Only left handed
6. In case of taster and non-taster human beings T is (2) Only right handed
for dominance & t is for recessive gene. Which of (3) Left handed & right handed both
the following would not be able to taste PTC :- (4) Neither left handed nor right handed
(1) TT (2) Tt
14. Probability of four son to a couple is :–
(3) tt (4) None
1 1
7. A family has five girls and no son, the probability of (1) (2) [AIPMT–2001]
4 8
the occurance of son in 6th child is :-
1 1
(1) 1/2 (2) 1/5 (3) (4)
16 32
(3) 1 (4) No chance
15. Gene and cistron words are sometimes used 19. Equilibrium of gene frequencies is –
synonymously because– [AIPMT–2001]
(1) One cistron contains many genes Pq
(1) P2 × 2Pq × q2 = 1 (2)  
N
(2) One gene contains many cistrons
(3) One gene contains one cistron (3) Hardy weinbergh law (4) Mutation
(4) One gene contains no cistron
20. In a Random mating population of 28,800
16. Down’s syndrome is caused by an extra copy of individuals percentage of dominant homozygous
chromosome number 21. What percentage of individuals is 49% find out the percentage of
offsprings produced by an affected mother and a heterozygous individual –
normal father would be affected by this disorder :– (1) 21% (2) 42%
(1) 50% (2) 25% [ A I PM T– 2 00 3 ] (3) 32% (4) 9%
(3) 100% (4) 75%
21. Predict from the following chart
17. A male human is heterozygous for autosomal genes
A and B and is also hemizygous for hemophilic gene
h. What proportion of his sperms will be abh

1 1
(1) (2) [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]
4 8
(1) Character is dominant and carried by X
1 1 chromosome
(3) (4)
32 16
(2) Character is carried by Y chromosome
18 Given below is a pedigree chart of a family with (3) Character is sex linked recessive
five children. It shows the inheritance of attached
(4) Character is autosomal recessive
ear–lobes as opposed to the free ones. The squares
represent the male individuals and circles the female 22. In pedigree analysis symbol is used for
individuals
(1) Heterozygous for autosomal recessive
(2) Affected individuals
(3) Death
(4) Carrier for sex linked recessive

23. In the absence of mutation, migration and selection

if gene frequencies are changed in a population.
This change is due to :-
(1) Polyploidy (2) Hybridization
(3) Sampling error (4) Crossing over

24. The pedigree shows the occurence of albinism which

is a recessive trait. If person 4 is homozygous, the
carrier for the trait is :-

Which one of the following conclusions drawn is

correct :– [AIIMS– 2 0 0 4]

(1) The parents are homozygous recessive

(2) The trait is Y–linked
(3) The parents are homozygous dominant  female  male  albinism

(4) The parents are heterozygous (1) 1, 4, 5 and 6 (2) 5 and 6

(3) 1, 2 and 3 (4) 1, 2, 5 and 6
25. This is paedigree for autosomal recessive disease 30. In a population that is in Hardy weinberg equilib-
albinism (aa) what is probability of II – I is homozygous rium, the frequency of a recessive allele for a certain
Normal hereditary trait is 0.20. What percentage of the
individual in the next generation would be expected
to show the dominant trait :-
(1) 16% (2) 32%
(3) 64% (4) 96%

31. Given pedigree shows inheritance of autosomal

recessive gene. What is the genotype of given
parents :-

1 1
(1) (2)
3 2

2 1
(3) (4)
3 4

26. Albinism in human is controlled by a recessive gene

'a' If both parents were known to carrier (Aa) for
albinism. What is the chances of 1 normal and 3
albino in family of four :-
(1) AA, aa (2) aa, AA
(1) 12/256 (2) 81/256
(3) aa, Aa (4) Aa, Aa
(3) 108/256 (4) 54/256
32. A pedigree is shown below for a disease that is
27. Study the given pedigree carefully, the trait autosomal recessive. The genetic make up of the
indicated is :- first generation :-

(1) Autosomal recessive

(2) X–linked recessive (1) AA, aa (2) Aa, Aa
(3) Maternal imprinting (3) Aa, aa (4) aa, aa
(4) Paternal imprinting
33. In a random mating population frequency of disease
28. A human male is heterozygous for autosomal gene causing recessive allele is 80%. What would be the
A, B and G. He is also haemizygous for hemophilic frequency of carrier individual in population :-
gene h. What proportion of his sperm will be abgh:- (1) 64% (2) 32%
1 1 (3) 16% (4) 100%
(1) (2)
4 8 34. Haemolytic jaundice is due to dominant gene but
1 1 only 20% of the people develop this disease. A
(3) (4) heterozygous man marries a homozygous normal
16 32
woman. What proportion of the children in
29. The genotype of Rh+ person could be :– population would be expected to have this disorder:-

(1) RR (2) Rr 1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
(3) rr (4) 1 or 2 5 20 10 2
35. In a random mating population frequency of 42. Which of the following processes affect the Hardy-
dominant allele is 0.7. What will be the frequency Weinberg Equilibrium to cause variation at the ge-
of recessive phenotype :–
netic level :- [AMU 2007]
(1) 0.49 (2) 0.09
(1) Mutation and Recombination
(3) 0.3 (4) 0.21
(2) Gene migration and Genetic drift
36. A plant is heterozygous and is designated Bb and
(3) Natural Selection
produces two kinds of gametes B and b. The prob-
ability of b gamete fertilising B or b is :- (4) All the above
(1) 1/2 (2) 1/1 [DPMT-83] 43. A gene containing multiple exons and at least one
(3) 0/1 (4) 1/4 intron is termed as :- [AMU 2007]

37. A pedigree is shown below for a disease that is (1) split gene
autosomal dominant. The genetic make up of the (2) operator gene
first generation is [OLYMPIAD– 2 0 0 4]
(3) synthetic gene
Generation-I (4) epistatic gene
44. Select the two correct statements out of the four
(a-d) given below about lac operon : [CBSE 2010]
Generation-II
(a) Glucose or galactose may bind with the repressor
and inactivated
Generation-III (b) In the absence of lactose the repressor binds
witht the operator region
(1) AA, Aa (2) Aa, aa
(c) The z-gene codes for permease
(3) Aa, AA (4) Aa, Aa
(d) This was elucidated by Francois Jacob and Jacque
38. At a particular locus, frequency of 'A' allele is 0·6 Monod
and that of 'a' is 0·4. What would be the frequency
The correct statements are :
of heterozygotes in a random mating population at
equilibrium – [AIPMT-2005] (1) (b) and (d) (2) (a) and (b)
(1) 0·24 (2) 0·16 (3) (b) and (c) (4) (a) and (c)
(3) 0·48 (4) 0·36 45. Which one of the following symbols and its repre-
39. One ene–one enzyme hypothesis was postulated by sentation, used in human pedigree analysis is cor-
rect? [CBSE 2010]
[AIPMT-2006]

(1) R. Franklin (2) Hershey and Chase (1) = unaffected female

(3) A. Garrod (4) Beadle and Tatum

(2) = male affected
40. Differentiation of organs and tissues in a developing
organism, is association with :- [AIPMT 2007] (3) = mating between relatives
(1) Developmental mutations
(4) = unaffected male
(2) Differential expression of genes
46. Irregularity is found in Drosophila during the organ
(3) Lethal mutations differentiation for example- inplace of wing, long
(4) Deletion of genes legs are formed. Which gene is responsible for :–
41. One gene - one enzyme relationship was established (1) Double dominant gene [AIPMT–2000]
for the first time in :- [AIPMT 2007]
(2) Homeiotic gene
(1) Neurospora crassa
(3) Complimentary gene
(2) Salmonella typhimurium
(3) polygenic ingeritance (4) Plastid
(4) codominance
47. Study the pedigree chart given below :- 53. Which is true for tryptophan operon :-
(1) It is the example of inducible operon
(2) It is example of repressible operon
 repressor
(3) on co  off
(4) (2) and (3) both are correct
What does it show :- [AIPMT-2009] 54. The end product of a metabolic pathway may bind
(1) Inheritance of a recessive sex-linked disease like a repressor to make the latter active enough to
haemophilia bind to operator. In this case the end–product is
called :–
(2) Inheritance of a sex-lined inborn error of
metabolism like phenylketonuria (1) Inducer (2) Aporepressor

(3) Inheritance of a condition like phenylketonuria (3) Co–repressor (4) Regulator

as an autosomal recessive trait 55. Which is true for repressible operon :–

(4) The pedigree chart is wrong as this is not possible (1) Off 
Inducer on

48. A normal woman whose father was albino, marries (2) Inactive repressor + Co-repressor = active
an albino man, what proportion of normal and al- repressor
bino are expected among their offsprings :- (3) Active repressor + Inducer = inactive repressor
[AIPMT-94] (4) On Inducer
 off
(1) All normal (2) 2 normal : 1 Albino 56. What does "lac" refer to, in what we call the lac
(3) All albino (4) 1 normal : 1 Albino operon :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 3 ]

49. Albinism is determined by a recessive gene in man. (1) Lactose (2) Lactase
The presence of albinism in 50% children born to a (3) Lac insect
couple proves that :- (4) The number 1,00,000
(1) Both parents are heterozygous for albinism 57. A nutritionally wild type organism, which does not
(2) Father is homozygous normal and mother is het- require any additional growth supplement is known
erozygous as :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4]

(3) Father is homozygous for albinism but mother is (1) Prototroph (2) Phenotype
heterozygous (3) Holotype (4) Auxotroph
(4) Both are homozygous 58. Which of the following is not produced by E.Coli
50. In Drosophila several alleles exhibit same in the lactose operon –
phenotype for eg. W+s, W+c, W+g exhibit eye colour (1)  galactosidase
these alleles are called :– (2) Thiogalactoside transacetylase
(1) Pseudoalleles (2) Isoalleles (3) Lactose dehydrogenase
(3) Multiple alleles (4) All the above (4) Lactose permease
51. In Drosophila a set of homeiotic genes which controls 59. An organism is able to live on a culture medium
body plan at the time of organ differentiation known containing nutrient A, by the enzyme catalysed
as : reactinons :–
(1) TATA-box (2) Homeobox
A  B  C A mutant failed to
X Y
(3) Pribnow box (4) All the above
survive on this medium but grew when nutrient B
52. Gene which is responsible for the synthesis of a was added to it. Which gene of this mutant was
polypeptide chain is called :- defective :-
(1) Promotor gene
(1) Only X
(2) Structural gene
(2) Only Y
(3) Regulator gene
(3) X and Y both
(4) Operator gene
(4) Neither X or Y
60. E. coli cells with a mutated z gene of the lac operon 67. Jumping genes are found in :- [MP PMT 2003]
cannot grow in medium containing only lactose as (1) eukaryotes (2) bacteriophage
the source of energy because – [AIPMT-2005] (3) bacteria
(1)They ca nnot synthesize functional (4) eukaryotes and prokaryotes
betagalactosidase 68. The genes that keeps on changing-their location
on chromosomes are known as :[MP PMT 2003]
(2)They cannot transport lactose from the medium
(1) Jumping genes (2) Duplicate genes
into the cell
(3) Lethal genes (4) Split genes
(3)The lac operon is constitutively active in these
69. Polydactyly in man is due to :- [MP PMT 2003]
cells
(1) autosomal dominant gene
(4)In the presence of glucose, E. coli cells do not (2) autosomal recessive gene
utilize lactose (3) sex - linked dominant gene
61. A functional complex comprising a cluster of genes (4) sex - linked recessive gene
including structural gene, a promoter gene, an 70. Blue eye colour in human is recessive to brown eye
operator gene and a regulator gene was discovered colour. The expected children of a marriage be-
by :- [Uttaranchal PMT 2006] tween a blue eyed woman and a brown eyed man
(1) Beadle and Tatum (1958) who had a blue eyed mother will be-
(1) All black eyed
(2) Watson and crick (1953)
(2) All blue eyed
(3) Jacob and Monad (1961)
(3) All brown eyed
(4) Britten and Davidson (1961) (4) One blue eyed and one brown eyed
62. Functioning of structural genes is controlled by :- 71. Nobel prize for the concept of jumping genes was
[C.G. PMT 2 005] awarded to :- [C.G. PMT 2006]
(1) H.G. khorana
(1) Operator (2) Promoter
(2) Barabara Mc clintock
(3) Ligase (4) Regulator gene
(3) Kornberg
63. Family has 9 girls, Probability of son at 10th birth (4) Watson
is :- [UP CPMT 2005]
72. DNA finger printing was invented by :–
(1) 50% (2) 100%
[ MP PMT 2007, RPMT 2011]
(3) 25% (4) 75%
(1) Kary Mullis (2) Alec Jeffery
64. Who explained the operon model for the first time
(3) Dr. Paul Berg (4) Francis Collins
(1) Francois Jacob [MP PMT 2001]

(2) Jacques Monod 73. Dolly sheep was obtained by :- [AIPMT–1999]

(1) Cloning the udder cell (somatic cell) fused with

(3) Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod
ennucleated oocyte.
(4) Beadle & Tatum
65. Functioning of structural genes is controlled by :- (2) Cloning of gametes.
[MP PMT 2001] (3) Tissue culture
(1) Operator (4) None
(2) Promoter Ligase 74. First cloned animal was :- [AIPMT–2000]
(3) Regulator gene
(1) Dolly sheep (2) Polly sheep
(4) polymerase
66. A mutant micro-organism unable to synthesize a (3) Molly sheep (4) Dog
compound required for its growth but able to grow 75. Which one of the following pairs of terms/names
if the compound is provided, is known as :- mean one and the same thing [AIIMS– 2 0 0 3 ]

[MP PMT 2001] (1) Gene pool - genome

(1) Auxotroph (2) prototroph (2) Codon - gene
(3) Autotroph (4) None of these (3) Cistron - triplet
(4) DNA Fingerprinting - DNA profiling
76. DNA fingerprinting refers to :- [A I P M T– 2 0 0 4] 81. Western blotting is used for the identification of :-
(1) Techniques used for identification of fingerprints (1) DNA
of individuals (2) RNA
(2) Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples (3) Protein
(4) All the above
(3) Analysis of DNA samples using imprinting devices
(4) Techniques used for molecular analysis of 82. Which of the following techniques are used in
different specimens of DNA analyzing restriction fragment length polymorphism
(RFLP) :-
77 What is the first step in the Southern Blot technique
(a) Electrophoresis
(1) Denaturation of DNA on the gel for hybridization (b) Electroporation
with specific probe [AIIMS– 2 0 0 4]
(c) Methylation
(2) Production of a group of genetically identical (d) Restriction digestion
cells
(1) 'a' and 'c'
(3) Digestion of DNA by restriction enzyme (2) 'c' and 'd'
(4) Isolation of DNA from a nucleated cell such as the one (3) 'a' and 'd'
from the scene of crime (4) 'b' and 'd'
78. Which step does not involve in DNA finger printing
83. Plants having similar genotypes produced by plant
(1) Southern blotting breeding are called :- [MP PMT-98]
(2) Gel electrophoresis (1) Clone
(3) Restriction enzyme digestion (2) Haploid

(4) Northern blotting (3) Autopolyploid

(4) Genome
79. DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis
are shown. Mark the correct statement :- 84. Nucleus of a donor embryonal cell/somatic cell is
transferred to an enucleated egg cell. Then after
the formation of organism, what shell be true :
(1) Organism will have extranuclear genes of the
donor cell. [AIPMT–2002]

(2) Organism will have extra nuclear genes of re-

cipient cell.
(3) Organism will have extra nuclear genes of both
(1) Band 3 contains more positively charged DNA donor and recipient cell.
molecule than 1
(4) Organism will have nuclear genes of recipient
(2) Band '3' indicates more charge density than 1 cell.
and 2
(3) Band 1 has longer DNA fragment than 2 and 3 85. A genetic clone is :-
(4) All the bands have equal length and charges (1) Plants produced by asexual means
but differ in base composition (2) Hybrid produced by sexual means
80. The technique of transferring DNA fragment (3) Homozygous plant produced by sexual means
separated on agarose gel to a synthetic membrane (4) Heterozygous plant produced by sexual means
such as nitrocellulose is known as[OLYMPIAD–2004]
(1) Northern blotting 86. The approximate number of genes contained in
the genome of Kalpana Chawla was [AIIMS–2003]
(2) Southern blotting
(1) 40,000 (2) 30,000
(3) Western blotting
(3) 80,000 (4) 1,00,000
(4) Dot blotting
87 The total number of nitrogenous bases in human 92. If the first seven children born to a particular pair
genome is estimated to be about [AIIMS– 2 0 0 4] of parents are all males, what is the probability
that the eighth child will also be a male?
(1) 3.5 million
[AMU 2011]
(2) 35 thousand
1 1
(1) (2)
(3) 35 million 2 4
1 1
(4) 3.1 billion. (3) (4)
8 16
88. In cloning of cattle a fertilized egg is taken out of 93. The existence within a population of non-beneficial
the mother's womb and :- [AIPMT 2007] alleles in heterozygous genotype is :-[AMU 2011]
(1) genetic load (2) genetic drift
(1) the egg is divided into 4 pairs of cells which are
(3) genetic flow (4) selection
implanted into the womb of other cows
94. Study the pedigree given below and assign the type
(2) in the eight cell stage, cell are separated and of inheritance of the trait. [Olympiad 2011]
cultured until small embryos are formed which
are implanted into the womb of other cows. Normal male
Affected male
(3) in the eight cell stage the individual cells are
separated under electrical field for further de-
Normal female
velopment in culture media.
Affected female
(4) form this upto eight identical twins can be pro-
duced.
(1) X-linked recessive
89. Satellite DNA is useful tool in : [CBSE 2010] (2) Y-linked
(1) Forensic science (3) autosomal recessive
(4) autosomal dominant
(2) Genetic engineering
95. The method of DNA fingerprinting involves the use
(3) Organ transplantation of :- [AMU 2011]
(1) Restriction enzymes
(4) Sex detemination
(2) Taq polymerase
90. The transfer of protein from electrophoretic gel (3) Oligonucleotide primers
to nitrocellulose membrane is known as :- (4) All the above
(1) transferase [MP PMT 2003] 96. PCR and Restriction Fragment Length
Polymorphism are the methods for :-
(2) northern blotting
(1) DNA sequencing [AIPMT (Pre.) 2012]
(3) western blotting
(2) Genetic fingerprinting
(4) southern blotting (3) Study of enzymes
91. Beadle and Tatum showed that each kind of mutant (4) Genetic transformation
bread mould they studied lacked a specific enzyme. 97. What is it that forms the basis of DNA Fingerprinting?
Their experiments demonstrated that :- (1) The relative amount of DNA in the ridges and
[DP MT 20 11] grooves of the fingerprints. [AIPMT (Mains) 2012]

(1) cells need specific enzymes in order to function
(2) genes are made of DNA
(3) genes carry information for making proteins
(4) enzymes are required to repair damaged DNA
information.
(2) Satellite DNA occurring as highly repeated short
DNA segments
(3) The relative proportions of purines and
pyrimidines in DNA
(4) The relative difference in the DNA occurence
in blood, skin and saliva
98. Read the following four statements (A-D):
(A) In transcription, adenosine pairs with uracil.
(B) Regulation of lac operon by repressor is referred
to as positive regulation.
(C) The human genome has approximately 50,000
genes.
(D) Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease.
How many of the above statements are right?
[AIPMT (Mains) 2012]

(1) Four (2) One

(3) Two (4) Three

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans. 2 2 4 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 3 3 1 2 4 3 2

Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Ans. 3 4 3 4 1 1 3 3 4 4 1 2 2 3 2 1 2 3 4 2

Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Ans. 1 4 1 1 3 2 3 4 3 2 2 2 4 3 2 1 1 3 1 1

Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

Ans. 3 4 1 3 3 1 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 1 4 2 1 4 3 2

Que. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98

Ans. 3 3 1 2 1 2 4 2 1 3 3 1 1 3 4 2 2 3
EXERCISE-5 NCERT BASED QUESTION
1. Select the incorrect statement for Gregor Mendel– 7. The phenotype of any character will not be affected
(1) He conducted hybridization experiments on if the modified allele produces–
garden pea for seven years. (1) Normal enzyme (2) Non-functional enzyme
(2) He applied statistical analysis and mathematical (3) No-enzyme at all (4) 2 and 3 both
logic for the first time to the problems in biology.
8. The three different alleles of human ABO blood
(3) His experiments had a small sampling size. types will produce how many genotypes &
(4) He conducted artificial cross-polination experiments phenotypes respectively–
using several true-breeding pea lines. (1) 4 & 6 (2) 6 & 4
2. Mendel observed that all the F1 progeny plants. (3) 6 & 6 (4) 4 & 4
(1) resembled either one of the parents 9. "When two pairs of traits are combined in a hybrid,
(2) resembled neither of the parents segregation of one pair of characters is independent
(3) resembled both of the parents of the other pair of characters". This explains–
(4) shows 3 : 1 ratio (1) Law of dominance
3. Accoding to Mendel, "factors" or "genes" (2) Law of segregation
(1) are the units of inheritance (3) Law of independent assortment
(2) contain information that is required to express (4) Postulate of paired factors
a particular trait
10. Morgan coined the term_____ to describe the
(3) Both 1 and 2 physical association of genes on a chromosome &
(4) None of the above the term_______ to describe the generation of
4. The segregration of alleles is a random process and non-parental gene combinations.
so there is a ______ chance of a gametes containing (1) Recombination; Linkage
either allele.
(2) Recombination; Non-recombination
(1) 25% (2) 50%
(3) Linkage; Non-recombination
(3) 75% (4) 100%
(4) Linkage; Recombination
5. Based on observation on monohybrid crosses Mendel
11. In which organism female in homogametic & also
draw some conclusion. Which of the following is not
have one chromosomes more than male.
correct–
(1) Birds (2) Drosophila
(1) Characters are controlled by discrete units called
factors (3) Chicks (4) Grasshopper

(2) Factors occur in pairs 12. Given below is the pedigree of an autosomal
dominant disorder-Myotonic dystrophy.
(3) In a similar pair of factors one member of the
pair dominates the other
(4) The postulate of dominance also explains the
proportion of 3 : 1 obtained at the F2
6. In the inheritance of flower colour in dog flower
plant, the F1 had a phenotype that
(1) resembles both of the parents
In this pedigree the genotype of all affected children
(2) did not resembles either of the two parents will be –
(3) resembles with only one parent (1) AA (2) Aa
(4) 1 and 3 both (3) AA or Aa (4) aa
13. Given below is the pedigree of sickle cell anaemia, 18. Other than pea plants it was found that sometimes
in a family the F1 had a phenotype that did not resemble either
of the two parents and was in between the two. It is
due to
(1) Complete Dominance
(2) Incomplete Dominance
(3) Co-Dominance
(4) Complementary gene interaction
In this the RBC of both parents will be –
19. Which of the following material is good to
(1) Normal
understand incomplete dominance
(2) Sickle shaped
(1) Sweet Pea (2) Cattle
(3) Both normal & sickle shaped
(3) Snapdrogon (4) Kernel colour in wheat
(4) Cannot be determined 20. Find out the correct match –
14. The accessibility of promotor regions of prokaryotic (1) F1 resembled either of the two parents - Dominance
DNA by RNA polymerase is in many cases regulated (2) F1 resembled in between -incomplete dominance
by the interaction of some protein with sequences (3) F1 resembled both parent - Co-dominance
termed as – (4) All are correct
(1) Promoter (2) Operator 21. Which is incorrect –

(3) Regulator (4) Cistron (i) ABO blood groups are controlled by the gene I
(ii) Gene I has four alleles
15. Which of the following is not associated with HGP–
(iii) IA and IB produce same type of sugar
(1) Bioinformatics (iv) i or I° produce different type of sugar
(2) Cloning vectors BAC & YAC (v) IA and IB are incomplete dominant
(3) Automated DNA sequencers (1) i, ii (2) v, ii
(3) ii, iii, iv (4) ii, iii, iv, v
(4) VNTR
22. Which Scientist has no role in rediscovery of
16. In density gradient centrifugation , the bulk DNA Mendel's results
forms_____ while satellite DNA forms________. (1) Vries (2) Correns
(1) Major peak; Minor peak (3) Tschermak (4) Morgan
(2) Minor peak; Major peak 23. Experimental verification of the chromosomal
theory of inheritance done by Thomas Hunt Morgan
(3) Major peak; Major peak and his colleagues they worked with –
(4) Minor peak; Minor peak (1) Pea plant (2) Sweet pea plant
17. Select the incorrect statement. (3) Snapdragon (4) Drosophila
24. Which is incorrect for Drosophila melanogaster
(1) DNA from single cell is enough to perform DNA
fingerprinting analysis (1) They could be grown on simple synthetic medium
(2) Single mating could produce a large number of
(2) DNA fingerprinting has much wider applications progeny
in determining population & genetic diversities.
(3) They complete their life cycle in about 7 weeks
(3) The VNTR belongs to a class of satellite DNA (4) There was a clear differentiation of the sexes.
referred as microsatellite. 25. Regulation of lac operon by repressor is referred
(4) DNA fingerprint differs from individual to to as–
individual in a population except in the case of (1) Positive regulation (2) Nagative regulation
monozygotic twins. (3) Both (1) and (2) (4) None
26. Which is incorrect 34. Which of the following is responsible for sex
(1) i-gene codes for the repressor of lac operon determination in chick :-
(2) z-gene codes for the beta-galactosidase (1) Sperm (2) Egg
(3) y-gene codes for transacetylase (3) Somatic cell (4) Every cell of body
(4) three gene products are required for metabolism 35. Morgan and his group found that when genes were
of lactose grouped on the same chromosome, some genes
27. Which is the primary step for regulation of gene were very tightly linked and showed–
expression.
(1) Very low recombination
(1) Transport of m-RNA from nucleus to the
cytoplasm (2) Higher recombination

(2) Translational level (3) No recombination

(3) Processing level (4) 100% parental combination
(4) Transcriptional level 36. Which statement is not true for Drosophila
28. Which step is not correct in DNA finger printing– me lan og a st e r –
(1) Isolation of DNA (1) They complete their life cycle about two weeks
(2) Digestion of DNA by DNA ligase enzyme (2) Single mating produce large number of progeny
(3) Separation of DNA by electophoresis flies
(4) Hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe (3) It has few hereditary variation that can be seen
29. Find out the correct sequence of structural gene in
with high power microscope
lac operon
(4) It has clear differentiation of the sex
(1) y, a, z (2) a, z, y
(3) z, y, a (4) z, a y 37. In which of the following sex is determined by female
individual –
30. Which of the following is not observed in a
monohybrid cross– (1) Human
(1) Recessive parental trait is expressed without any (2) Drosophila
blending in the F2-generation (3) Birds
(2) Recessive parental trait is expressed without any (4) Grasshopper
blending in the F1-generation
38. The recessive characters are –
(3) Dominance also explains the proportion of
(1) Only expressed in heterozygous condition
3 : 1 obtained at the F2
(2) Only expressed in homozygous condition
(4) Genotype ratio is 1 : 2 : 1
(3) Blend in heterozygous condition
31. Gene which code for a pair of contrasting traits are
known as – (4) Always impure
(1) Allele (2) Non allele 39. Which statement is true–
(3) Pseudoallele (4) Isoallele (1) Characters segregate during formation of gametes
32. The modified allele is equivalent to the unmodified
(2) All characters show true dominance
allele when it produces–
(3) The characters always blend in heterozygous condition
(1) A non functional enzyme
(2) No enzyme (4) Mendelian disorder are determined by or
absence or excess of one or more chromosome
(3) The normal enzyme
40. Which of the following symbol is used for mating
(4) All the above
between relatives (Consangeineous mating)
33. Grasshopper is an example of –
(1) XO type of sex determination (1) 5 (2)
(2) XY type of sex determination (3) (4)
(3) Environmental sex determination
(4) Genic balance theory
41. Theoretically a normal phenotype is expressed 45. The experimental verification of the chromosomal
when a particular substrate trasnform in to product theory of inheritance by–
but in which of following condition phenotype may
(1) Boveri (2) Sutton
be affected–
(3) T.H. Morgan (4) Bateson
(1) When the modified allele produce normal
enzyme 46. Male heterogamy found in case of

(2) When the modified allele produce a non (1) XO type male in Grasshopper
functional enzyme (2) XY type male in human
(3) When the unmodified allele produce no enzyme (3) ZW male in birds
(4) All the above (4) 1 and 2 both
42. Which of the following condition is true for 47. In a cross between true red flowered (RR) and true
codominance– breeding white flowered (rr), snapdragon plant, the
(1) Phenotype of F1 resembled either of the two F1(Rr) was pink. When the F1 was self pollinated the
parents F2 resulted in the following ratio 1(RR) red; 2(Rr) pink;
1(rr) white. Above condition can be explained by–
(2) Phenotype of F1 did not resemble either of two
parents (1) True dominance
(3) Phenotype of F1 resembles both parents (2) Incomplete dominance

(4) None of these (3) Lethal gene

(4) Independent assortment
43. Which of the followig is a good example of multiple
allele– 48. In case of inheritance of one gene 3 : 1 phenotypic
ratio can be explained on the basis of–
(1) ABO blood groups
(1) Incomplete dominance
(2) Size of starch grain in pea
(2) Codominance
(3) Shape of seed
(3) Dominance
(4) Flower colour in pea
(4) Linkage
44. In sickle cell anaemia–
49. In case of ABO blood group allele IA and IB if present
(1) The mutant haemoglobin molecule undergoes together then –
polymerisation under low oxygen tension causing
(1) Ony IA allele expresses
the change in the shape of RBC
(2) Only IB allele expresses
(2) Substitution of Glutamic acid by valine at the
sixth position of the -chain of haemoglobin (3) Both IA and IB alleles express
(4) None of these
(3) The mutant haemoglobin undergoes
polymerization under high oxygen tension 50. In which of the following monosomic male is found
causing the change in shape of RBC (1) Human (2) Birds
(4) -globin chain is modified (3) Honey bee (4) Grasshopper

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans. 3 1 3 2 3 2 1 2 3 4 4 2 3 2 4 1 3 2 3 4

Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Ans. 4 4 4 3 2 3 4 2 3 2 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 2 1 3

Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Ans. 2 3 1 1 3 4 2 3 3 4