Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATANGAS
TUY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET IN AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NCI

PERFORM DIESEL ENGINE TUNE-UP

Name of Learner: ______________________________________

Grade Level: 12___
Strand/Track: AUTO-TVL
Section: KARL BENZ_____________________________
Date: Week 3_DAY 1 (Introduction)___DAY 3 ( Engagement)____
________DAY 2 (Development) __DAY 4 (Assimilation)____

A. Background Information for Learners

In order to attain the 100% competent skills of learners, they must know all the basics first. In this lesson, in order
to come up with Diesel engine tune-up, it is vital to know the parts and components of engine, the procedure in
installing parts and components,and also the proper usage of Special Service Tool in this competency. The
activities given here are all about the specific core competency of Automotive Servicing which the students
should learn even in self paced because this is what the automotive servicing NCI all about. It also involves
activities which can help the students to master the assigned competency. Electrical System is quite very
sensitive part of a vehicle, this activity sheet just give students the theories that they need to learn, and also the
other important thing they need to know in performing electrical units of an automobile.

B. Learning Competency with code

REMOVING AND REPLACING ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS UNITS/ASSEMBLIES (RREE)

LO 2 Remove electrical /electronic units assemblies (TLE_IAAUTO9 -12RREE-III b-g-52) Continuation

TLE_IAAUTO9 -12RREE-IIIj- 54

C. Directions/ Instructions
After going through with this unit, you are expected to:
1. Read and follow each direction carefully.
2. Accomplish each activity for the mastery of competency.
3. Use the Learning Activity Sheets with care.
4. Record your points for each activity.
5. Always aim to get at least 80% of the total number of given items.
6. If you have any questions, contact, or see your teacher through messenger or text.

D. Exercises / Activities
DAY 1
D.1 INTRODUCTION

a. What I Need to Know?

After going through with this unit, you are expected to:
1. Know how Resistance, Voltage and Ampere works in electrical assemblies of automobile
2. Calculate the amount of energy consumed by the automobile loads.
3. Create their own diagram using symbolsa and units
4. Appreciate the importance of being aware on electrical assemblies of an automobile

b. What’s New?
 Activity 1: “YES OH NO”

Directions: Recall the previous lessons. Tell weather if the following statements defined the
right term. Write YES before the number if the definition is correct and No if it is not.
______1. Ohm’s Law is a current flowing in an electrical circuit that is proportional to a voltage applied
to the circuit, ad is inversely proportional to a resistance.
______2. A semiconductor has higher resistances when a temperature is low. A semiconductor has
lower resistances when a temperature is high
______3. When a current flows in a light bulb, the filament heats up and a resistance becomes higher.
______4. An effect of interfering with a flow of electric current is called electrical resistance (or simply
“resistance”)
______5. An electrical force or electromotive force is requires to maintain a potential that makes a
current flow constantly.

Activity 2: “Match Me”

Directions: Study the pictures below. Find the labels of pictures in Column A (pictures) to column B
(labels) then write only the letter of your answer before the number.

________1. a. HORN

________2. b. IGNITION COIL

________3. . c. ALTERNATOR

________4. d. FUSE

________5. e. RELAY

Activity 3 “Use Me Right”

Direction: Please analyze the diagram on “What is it” then find out which unit of symbols will you use in
finding Resistance, Voltage and Ampere. Write V if you’re going to find the Voltage, A for ampere and Ω for
Resistance. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. ____________ 2._____________ 3.______________ 4.____________ 5._____________

DAY 2
D.2 DEVELOPMENT
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 a. What I Know?

Activity 4: “What do you think am I?”

Directions: Relying on the information sheet given below, Explain the following terms in 50 words based on
your own understanding. Write your answer at the back of this sheet.

1. Resistance
2. Voltage
3. Ampere
4. Series Cuircuit
5. Parellel Circuit
6. Series-Parallel Circuit

b. What’s In?
Activity 5: “Equation for Solution”
Direction: In order for us to assure that the electricity to be consumed by the engine is sufficient,
calculation of current to apply is vital. So, write down the correct and EXACT equation to solve the
following situation.
#What is the equation to be used to find:
1. Resistance of Series Circuit;

2. Resistance of Parallel Circuit;

3. Resistance;

4. Voltage;

5. Ampere;and

6. Joule’s Law;
DAY 2

c. What Is it?

PERFORM DIESEL ENGINE TUNE-UP

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF AUTOMOBILE

Ohm’s Law and Direct-current Circuit

3-1 Ohm’s law
The following relations exist among voltage, current, and resistance in an electric circuit shown in Figure
3-1. A current flowing in an electrical circuit is proportional to a voltage applied to the circuit, ad is
inversely proportional to a resistance. This is called the Ohm’s law, and expressed by the following
formula.
E = I • R Indicated by symbol
(V) (A) (Ω) Indicated by unit
Voltage Current Resistance

Because a voltage (E) is the basis of a circuit, it is placed at the top of the figure on the right. (Figure 3-
2). Current (I) and resistance (R) are interchangeable with each other.

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 Simply put, the equation means that a current flowing in a circuit becomes lower when a resistance id
high, and a current becomes higher when a voltage is high.

3-2 Connection of Resistor

The following three connection types are used:
Serial connection
Parallel connection
Serial parallel connection

(1) Serial connection

1) Connecting resistor in series is called serial connection of resistors.
2) Combined resistance of resistors in serial connection is the same as the sum of all resistors
connected.
3) Combined resistance of resistors in serial connection is same as the sum of all resistors connected.

When compared to a tank, water flow is obstructed if interference increases and total resistance
increases also.

(2) Parallel connection

1) Connecting resistors side by side is called parallel connection of resistors.
2) When resistors are connected on parallel, their combined resistance is lower than any one of the
connected resistors.
3) When resistors of the same resistance are connected in parallel, their combined resistance equals to a
value of one resistor divided by the number of the resistors.
4) A combined resistor connected in parallel equals to reciprocal of a sum of reciprocals of resistance of
each resistor.

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 If compared to tanks viewed from above, many pipes connected in parallel make water flow easier than
water flowing in only one pipe. Thus, total resistance is reduced.

(3) Serial parallel connection

If many resistors connected in parallel and in serial are combined, it is called Serial parallel connection.
Calculation of combined resistance of this type of circuit is done by combining calculations of resistors
connected in series and in parallel.

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3-3 Serial circuit
(1) Serial connection
As shown in Figure 3-10, currents flowing in R1 and in R2 are the same. And if, a break occurs in any
one of the two resistors, a current does not flow in any of the two resistors. This type of connection is called
“serial connection.”
 Current and voltage
(Calculation example : E=12V, R1 = 2Ω, R2 = 4Ω)
Current flows in all resistors at the same level.

Voltages are applied in accordance with resistance of each resistor.

Voltage applied to resistor R1: E1 = I x R1 = 2 x 2 = 4 (V)
Voltage applied to resistor R2: E2 = I x R2 = 2 x 4 = 8 (V)
Total voltage: E = E1 + E2 = 12V
(The total voltage is the same when it is calculated as E=IR0.)
(2) Parallel connection
As shown in Figure 3-11, an electrical power is supplied to the resistors in parallel, and a current flows
in R2 even if a break occurs in R1. This type of connection is called parallel connection.

 Current and voltage

(Calculation example : E=12V, R1 = 3Ω, R2 = 6Ω)
Current flows in all resistors at the same level.
Current flowing in resistor
Current flowing in resistor R2:
Total current:
(The total voltage is the same when it is calculated as I=E/R0.)
Combined resistance of parallel connection:
A voltage is applied to all resistors evenly.
3-4 Loads
An item that operates by receiving a current is called load. As shown in Figure 3-12, a headlight and a
horn of an automobile are loads, and are a kind or resistors.
o A load is high (A load is heavy.) Current is large Resistance is low (Wattage is
high.)
o A load is low (A load is light.) Current is small Resistance is high (Wattage is low.)

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3-5 Shorting and open
In general, shorting refers to connecting two points having a voltage between them directly with a low-
resistance, conductor. Because it causes flow of a very large current, shorting may harm wires and it may cause
a fire. To prevent this danger, a fuse is used in may cases. A fuse is a wire or plate made od an alloy of lead and
tin, or made of aluminun. If a fuse is use is inserted in serial to a circuit, the fuse melts and disconnects the circuit
when an excessive current such as shorting current flows. It keeps safety of the circuit. When placing wires by
yourself, the circuit must include a wire.

A current does not flow if a circuit is disconnected (due to a break or poor contacts.) this condition is called an
open circuit
3-6 Voltage drop
Resistances between contacts such as those between a fuse and a holder and between switch
contacts, and contacts resistance in connects are useless resistances. Let us consider why those are useless
resistance.

When turning on the light using a battery, applying the voltage of the battery directly to the light results
in flowing a large current and in lighting up the light brightly. However, if contact resistance exist between a fuse
and a holder as shown in Figure 3-14, a voltage applied to the lamp drops. The lower voltage is called that
“voltage drop occurred due to contact resistance.” The lost power is due to contact resistance is totally useless.

Internal resistance of a battery

A battery, which is a power supply has also an internal resistance and it causes a
voltage drop. If a battery voltage without loads is 12V and an internal resistance is 0.02Ω,
a flow of 150A current using a starter causes a voltage drop of “150x0.02=3V.” This
causes voltage drop on a battery terminals into “12.3 = 9V”.

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3-7 Heating action of current
(1) Joule’s law
A current flowing in a conductor cases heat. An amount of heat produced in a specified period of time
(t second) is proportional to a product of squares current flowing in the conductor and a resistance of the
conductor. This relation is called “Joule’s law” and the produced heat is called Joule heat.
As shown in Figure 3-16, if a current flows in resistor R for a specified period of time (t second, an
amount of heat on resistor R is expressed by the following equation:

Amount of heat generated:

H = Voltage × Current × (current flowing) Time
= E × I × t (1)
Where, according to the Ohm’s law, E = I × R is true.
Substituting E in equation (1) for this:
H=E×I×t
= I2Rt(Joule) ..............(2)
Since 1 joule is 0.24 calorie, equation (2) is expressed
H = I2Rt(calorie) ............(3)
One cal (calorie) is an amount of heat required for raising a temperature of 1g of water by 10C.

3.8 Electrical power and amount of electricity

(1) Electrical power
Actions such as lighting up a light, heating, making chemical decomposition occur, and rotating a motor
are called work of electricity, and those phenomena are called “Electricity worked.”
Amount of work done by the power in one second is called “electrical power”. A symbol of electric
power is P, and a unit is watt (W).
“1W” is an amount of electric power when 1V of voltage is applied and 1A of current flew.
Electric power (P) is proportional to a voltage (E) and to a currents (I), and they have the following
relation:

P = IE (W)

This equation is transformed into the following:

P P
Current = I = Voltage = E
E I
Substituting the Ohm’s law for P=IE makes the following equation:
E2
2
P=IR P=
R
(Substitute E=IR) (Substitute I=E/R)
(2) Amount of electricity
An amount of electricity (WH) refers to an amount of work done by specific electricity in a specific
period of time. An amount of electricity is indicated in unit of WH (watt-hour).
Amount of electricity = Electrical power × Time
(WH) (W) (H)

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 (3) Lamp capacity
A lamp capacity is usually indicated by wattage, such as 10W and 20W. These indicate electric power
consumed in a lamp when a rated voltage is applied to them lamp. According, a current that flows when a rated
voltage is applied to a lamp is found by the following equation
P Where P : Capacity of lamp
I=
E

Activity 7 “SOLUTION for CONNECTION”

Direction: Refer to the information sheet given above to have a better understanding about the topic. Sketch
the given situation then Compute the following using different Law. Write your answer at the back of this
sheet.

1. A voltage of how many volts is required to make a current of 8A (amperes) flow in a reservoir of 32 Ω
(ohm)?
2. A current of how many amperes flows in a 24Ω resistor when a voltage of 12V is applied?
3. How many ohms of resistance is required for a resistor when a current of 4A flows applying a voltage of
12V?
DAY 3
D.3. ENGAGEMENT

A. What’s more?
Activity 8: “finish the series ”

Direction: In the equation given above, its time for you to apply the knowledge you gained. Using the
appropriate equation in finding the resistance of series circuit, Solve the following diagram and write your
solution on separate sheet of paper.

1. 5. 4. 3. 2.

Reminder! Solution for this is required. You will be graded on solution based on the rubrics at the later part of this LAS.

b.What I can do?

Activity 9 “Connect Correct”

Direction: With your parents/friends/relatives, Look for electrical assemblies in any vehicle available at your
home. Then, Trace the connection of each component and draw a diagram using symbols and units of what
you see. Use legend for this. Follow this format.

Kind of Vehicle(ex: Vios)

Legend:
Component ------- Symbols
Ex: Battery ---------------------------------------- -------[I[I[I[I-------
DIAGRAM

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c. What other enrichment activities can I engage in?

Activity 10 “Expression’’
Direction: On a separate sheet of paper, express your ideas through drawing on the importance of being
aware on electrical assemblies of automobiles. Be creative as you can. (performance task)

DAY 4
D.4 ASSIMILATION
Activity 11. “Think this thing”

a. What I have Learned?

Direction: Kindly answer the following questions briefly and specific. Write your answer at the back.
1. What is the function of Resistance, voltage and ampere in the electrical unit of vehicle?

2. What are the things that we need to consider in Performing electrical assemblies?

3. How do you think one mechanic makes the electrical job done safe and fast?

b. Assessment/What I Can Show?

Activity 12: “On my Own ”

1. Directions: Based on the lesson attached. Compare and Contrast the electrical assemblies connection of
your home and a vehicle using Venn diagram.
Home similarities vehicle

E. Guide Questions
Activity 15: “Direct to the Point”
Directions: If you really understand the lessons above, answer the following question direct to the
point. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. What are the equation of getting the voltage, ampere and Resistance? ___________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.
3. What are the laws that we can use for proper measurement of energy? _____________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
4. How can you show a positive work values in servicing? _______________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

F. Rubrics for ESSAY

5 4 3 2 1
CONTENT The essay includes The information includes There s some There is a little
Theres no information
detailed information description about he information about the information about the
about the topic
about the topic topic topic topic

WORD COUNT The essay is more that The essay has 40-49 The essay has 30-40 The essay has 10-
Essay has 1-10 words
50 words word words 29words

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RUBRICS FOR DIAGRAM
10 8 6 4 1
CONTENT The content of the The content of the The content of the The content of the
diagram descriptions are The content of the diagram descriptions a diagram descriptions diagram descriptions
well explain and very diagram descriptions are were explained were explained good not explained and
clear explain better and clear somehow and clear and somewhat clear unclear clear

PROPER CONNECTION The components of The components of The components of The components of The components of
electrical system are electrical system were electrical system were electrical system are electrical system are
complete and properly complete and almost complete and incomplete and some incomplete and not
connected to its connected most to its connected mostly to its were connected to its connected to its
respective connection respective connection respective connection respective connection respective connection

NEATNESS The diagram presented The diagram The diagram

The diagram presented The diagram presented
somewhat neat with presented untidy, presented untidy, a
neatly, no erasures and neatly, few erasures and
more erasures but more erasures and lot of erasures and
very organize organize
organize organize unorganize

USE OF SYMBOLS The student used in most

The student used the The student used in The student used The student never
the right symbols for
right symbols for diagram some the right symbols incorrect symbols used any symbols
diagram

G. Reflection
The learners will write their reflection about the lesson on their journal notebook.
The lesson was ______________ because _______________________.
I understand that_____________________________________________.
I realized that ______________________________________________
H. References
Automotive Mechanic 10th edition by Crouse and Anglin
Competency Based Learning Materials-TESDA/Automotive Electrical System
https://www.google.com/search?q=gas+engine+tune+up&oq=diesel+engine+tune-
up&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l7.15316j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://prezi.com/ujncmlt7rlvh/diesel-engine-tune-up/

Prepared by:

EUSEVIA D. PANTOJA
Subject Teacher

Noted:

MA. VERLA AFRICA ALVARAN

Principal II

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