(Database Fundamental (TIS 1101

Tutorial 8

1. What is normalization? What are the advantages of normalization?

.Normalization is a process for assigning attributes to entities

-:Advantages
1.) reduces data redundancy
2.) increases data integrity
3.) eliminate data anomalies

2. What is the normal form for the following table? Explain your answer.

Hourly_Fees Course_Type Staff_Age Staff_Name Staff_ID

x98456233
50 IT 24 Patrick 3
x15988348
60 ENG 28 Jessica 9
x88965278
50 IT 23 Evon 3
x45665267
30 MGNT 36 Silvia 3
x78973455
60 ENG 32 Terrance 9

.The table is in second normal form (2NF), because there are no partial dependencies
However, it is not in third normal form (3NF) since it exhibits transitive dependency,
where by a nonkey attribute (Course_Type) is dependent on a nonkey attribute
.((Hourly_Fees

3. Why in certain cases we need to perform denormalization on database tables?

Because a normalized database may have excessive tables and relationships. This in turn
.requires more processing resulting in reduced system performance

4. Given the initial dependency diagram as follows.

SUB_ID SUB_ STAFF_ID STAFF_ STAFF_ EVA_SCORE JOB_TYPE HOURLY_PAY

NAME NAME PHONE
 a) Identify partial and transitive (if any) dependencies from the diagram.

SUB_ID SUB_ STAFF_ID STAFF_ STAFF_ EVA_SCORE JOB_TYPE HOURLY_PAY

NAME NAME PHONE

Partial Dependency Partial Dependency

Transitive Dependency

b) Then normalize the dependency diagram into 3NF.

(Second normal form (2NF

(STOCK (SUB_ID, SUB_NAME

(STAFF (STAFF_ID, STAFF_NAME, STAFF_PHONE, JOB_TYPE, HOURLY_PAY
(STAFF_STOCK (SUB_ID, STAFF_ID, EVA_SCORE

(Third normal form (3NF

(STOCK (SUB_ID, SUB_NAME

(STAFF (STAFF_ID, STAFF_NAME, STAFF_PHONE, JOB_TYPE
(STAFF_STOCK (SUB_ID, STAFF_ID, EVA_SCORE
(ROOM (JOB_TYPE, HOURLY_PAY

5. Demonstrate step-by-step on how to convert the figure below it to 3NF.

A B C D E F G H
(Step 1: Convert to 2NF (remove Partial Dependency

A B C

D E

A D F G H

(Step 2: Convert to 3NF (remove Transitive Dependency

A B C

D E

G H

A D F G