Chapter Two Spine Six

Young People Today:

Part One: New Words & Meaning
1- accident: (n) unpleasant event that happens unexpectedly and
cause damage, injury or death: I hope they haven’t had an accident
(by accident: by chance: without being planned –
we met each other again completely by accident)
accidental: (adj) happening by chance: not having being planned
2- advertise: (v) to put information in a newspaper, television, on a
poster, etc in order to persuade people to buy something, apply for a
job, etc: the job was advertised in the local
newspapers advertisement:
(n) a piece of information in a newspaper, on television, on a poster,
etc
if you want to buy your car, why don’t you put an advertisement in
the local newspaper
3- anxious: (adj) causing worry and fear
anxiously: (adv)
4- applicant: (n) a person who applies for something especially a job
application: (n) a formal written request, especially for a job
apply: (v) (applied past simple) to ask for something in writing:
Iam going to apply for that job
5- attach: (v) to fasten or join something to something:
A note was attached to the document with a paper clip
6- attention: (n) the act of watching, listening to or thinking about
something carefully
7- award: (v) to give something to somebody as a prize
8- breath: (n) the air that you take into and blow out of your lungs.
I need a breath of fresh air
9- certificate: (n) an official piece of paper that says that something is
true or correct. A birth certificate
certify: (v) to say formally that something is true or correct
we need someone to certify that is her signature
10- chairperson: (n) a person who controls a meeting
11- colleague: (n) a person that you work with in a job

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12- college: (n) an institution where you can study after you leave
school
13- committee: (n) a group of people who have been chosen to discuss
something or decide on something
14- common: (adj) happening or found often or in many places, usual
15- congratulate: (v) to praise somebody or tell somebody that you are
pleased about something he/she has done. I congratulated Sue on
passing her driving test
congratulation: (n)
16- continue: (v) to begin to do or say something again after you had
stopped. The meeting will continue after lunch
continuous: (adj) continuously: (adv)
17- control: (v) to have power over something or the ability to
organise, direct or guide something
18- cyclist: (n) a person who rides a bicycle
cycle: (v) to ride a bicycle
19- detail: (n) a small individual fact
20- diploma: (n) a qualification that you receive when you complete a
course of study, often at a college.
21- disadvantage: (adj) causing somebody to be in a worse situation
compared to other people.
22- enroll: (v) to become or to make somebody a member of a club, school, etc
23- explain: (v) to make something clear or easy to understand
explanation: (n) making something clear or giving a reason for
something
24- harvest: (v) to cut, pick or gather a crop
25- hunt: (n) the act of searching or looking for something or
somebody.
26- immediately: (adv) at once without delay.
immediate (adj) happening or done at once or without delay.
27- impress: (v) to make somebody feel admiration and respect
impression: (n) the effect that a person or thing produces on
somebody else impressionable: (adj) easy to influence.
28- independence: (n) the state o being free or not controlled by
another person independent: (adj) not controlled by another person

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29- interview: (n) a meeting at which somebody is asked questions to

find out if he / she is suitable for a job.
Interviewee: (n) a person who is questioned in the interview
interviewer: (n) a person who asks questions in the interview
30- involve: (v) to cause somebody or something to take part in or be
concerned with something
31- management: (n) the control or organisation of something
manage: (v) to be able to do something or to deal with something
manager: (n) a man or a woman who controls an organisation or a
part of an organisation
32- member: (n) a person, animal or thing that belongs to a group,
club, organisation, etc
membership: (n) the state of being a member
33- neighbour: (n) a person who lives near you
neighbourhood: (n) a particular part of a town and the people who live there
neighbouring: (adj) near or next to.
farmers from neighbouring villages come into town each week for the market
34- newspaper: (n) large folded pieces of paper printed with news
35- occupied: (v) to keep yourself busy
36- opinion: (n) what you think about somebody or something.
37- politely: (adj) having or showing good manners
38- recommend: (v) to that somebody or something is good and that it
would be liked or useful
recommendation: (n)
39- reconsider: (v) to think again about something (a decision,
situation, etc)
40- relax: (v) to make or become less worried or tense: to spend time
not doing very much
relaxation (n) the act of relaxing
relaxed: (adj) not worried or tense
relaxing: (adj) pleasant, helping you to rest and become less
worried
41- remember: (v) to have something in your mind or to bring
something back into your mind

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remind: (v) to say something to help somebody remember

something
42- remove: (v) to take somebody or something off or away
43- repair: (v) to put something old or damaged back into good
condition
44- scooter: (n) a light motor cycle with a small engine
45- secretary (n) a person who works in an office
46- teenager: (n) a person who is between 13 and 19 years old
47- tractor: (n) a large vehicle that is used on farms for pulling heavy
pieces of machinery
48- traffic: (n) the cars, etc that are on the road
49- transport: (n) to move somebody or something from one place to
another by vehicle: road, rail, sea, etc
transportation: (n) the moving of somebody or something from
one place to another
50- walkman: (n) a small cassette player with earphones that you can
carry round with you.
Part Two: Comprehension:
Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions following it:
Rachel Peter spent six months looking for a job after she passed the
secondary certificate. Wherever, she applied for work. She was told that unless
she had skills in computing. It would be difficult to find a job. In spite of the
difficulties, Rachel did not give up hunting for a job with other friends finally;
she decided to enroll in the spine computer college in Khartoum. After one year
there she was awarded a diploma in computer management.
Immediately after that, Rachel applied for a job advertised in one of the
local newspapers. This time Rachel attached her school certificate, the computer
diploma and two recommendations from people, who know her, a week later, she
was invited to go for interview at half past twelve in the afternoon. She was so
nervous that she could not speak to anyone.
Rachel then found herself the third on the list of ten applications who had
come for the interview. She waited anxiously for her turn to come. The bell rang
and the secretary told Rachel to go in. she was told to sit down at the end of a
long table. On each side sat two members of the board Mr. Alpayo, the

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chairperson, sat at the head of the table opposite him. He was the first interviewer
to ask Rachel questions. And the members of the board asked her about her
written and spoken languages and her computer studies. Rachel spoke politely
and in a relax way. At last Mr. Alpayo thanked her. Rachel thanked him also and
left the room at half past one.

A) Give short answers:

1- Why couldn’t Rachel find work earlier than she did?
……………………………………………………………………………..
2- How many documents did Rachel send?
………………………………………………………………………………
3- How many applicants attended the interview?
………………………………………………………………………………
4- Who was the first interviewer to ask Rachel questions?
………………………………………………………………………………
5- How long had Rachel’s interview lasted?
………………………………………………………………………………
B) State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):
1- Rachel went for the interview at 1:30. (…….)
2- Mr. Alpayo sat at the head of the table opposite Rachel. (…….)
3- Rachel was the third on the list. (…….)
C) Draw a circle round the letter of the correct answer:
1- Rachel spent…………searching for a job after she had passed the
secondary school certificate.
A. half a year B. a year C. nearly a year D. two years
2- Rachel did not give up……………
A. a computer diploma B. skills in computing
C. her application D. looking for a job
3- Rachel had been studying at the Spine Computer College for…………
A. half a year B. a year C. nearly a year D. two years
4- Rachel was interviewed by………..people.
A. two B. three C. four D. five
5- Instead of saying Rachel was “so nervous”, the writer could have said so……
A. tired B. busy C. worried D. ashamed

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6- Rachel answered the interviewers’ questions……….

A. respectably and calmly B. slowly and shyly
C. rudely and dishonestly D. proudly and loudly
7- The underlined word “there”, refers to………….
A. the Khartoum college B. the Spine Computer College
C. the Computer Man College D. the Khartoum College of Computer
8- At the head of the table opposite Rachel sat……..
A. Mr. Ibrahim B. Mr. Alpayo
C. Mr. John D. no one
9- The member of the board asked Rachel about…………
A. written and spoken language B. computer studies
C. Sudan school certificate D. both (a) and (b)
10- The best title of this passage could be…….
A. How a Computer Work B. Spine Computer College
C. Rachel and Her Friends D. How Computer Skills Help in Finding a Job
Part Three: Language
A) Tenses:
Put the verbs in brackets in their correct forms:
1. While we were standing under the tree , it ………………………(begin) to
rain
2. Zeinab isn't sleeping …………..…………. (be) she ?
3. Would you mind ………….………..……. (switch) an the T . V,
please?
4. Sinnar Dam ………………….………….……( build ) in 1925 .
5. Soap ………….…………………….( make ) us clean and healthy .
6. Mother ……………………………..( just have ) coffee .
7. Please ……………………………….( come ) here Ali .
8. He …………………………………. (like) chocolate, doesn't he?
9. We ……………………………….( visit ) our uncle next week .
10. They …………………………( have ) their lunch now .
11. The bus ………………………( leave ) just now .
12. Ahmed …………………….( play ) football when he broke his arm
13. I always …………………………..( get up ) at five o'clock .
14. Clothes ……………………usually ……………..(make ) of cotton.

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15. Butches ………………………………..( sell ) meat .

16. Othman …………………( not come) to school since last monthly
.
17. …………………..Amal ………………..(cook ) every day ?
18. I ………………………. (not come ) to school since last Monday.
19. We want you ……………………………..( stay ) with us .
20. He will help you if you …………………………( ask ) him .
21. Listen ! Suzan …………………………( play ) the piano .
22. We …………………………( go ) to Egypt on holiday next year .
23. I wouldn't talk to her again if I ……………………….( be ) you
24. Reem usually ………………………………( eat ) Pizza .
25. If you invite him , he …………………………………….( come )
26. My father has given up ………………………………….( smoke ) .
27. Adil …………………………………….( write ) the exercise yet .
28. You …………………………………….( see ) him , did you ?
29. My friend likes ………………………….( read ) stories .
30. Iam right , ……………………………….( be ) I ?
B) Suffixes:

Verb Noun Adjective Adverb

certify certificate -------- ----------
apply application -------- ----------
applicant
continue continuity continuous continuously
continued
manage management manageable --------
manager
manageress
advertise advertisement -------- ----------
attach attachment -------- ----------
immediate -------- ---------- immediately
recommend recommendation -------- ----------
interview interviewee -------- ----------
interviewer

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invite invitation -------- ----------

anxious anxiety -------- anxiously
member membership -------- ----------
correct correction -------- correctly
compose composition -------- ----------
---------- neighbour neighbouring ----------
neighbourhood
explain explanation -------- ----------
-------- ---------- polite politely
congratulate congratulations -------- ----------
employ employer -------- ----------
employment
employee
-------- independence independent independently
thank thanks thankful thankfully
transport transport -------- ----------
transportation
cycle cyclist -------- ----------
-------- accident accidental --------
-------- agriculture agricultural --------
succeed success successful successfully
impress impression impressed --------
impressionable
impressive
add addition additional additionally
solve solution soluble --------

Read the sentences below. Use the words at the end of each sentence to form a
word that fits in the space. Use the following endings:

ly – ful – ing – tion – ment – hood – al – tive – ous – th

1- Amna Hamid used to sell peanuts to children in the ……………….
(neighbour)
2- She was …………………..in doing her work. (care)

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3- I received an ……………………card from my friend. (invite)

4- We need increasing in …………………production. (agriculture)
5- During the interview Mona spoke…………………….. (polite)
6- Little Ann Meredith was standing sad and …………………on the pavement.
(anxiety)
7- The …………………….is the student who rides a bike. (cycle)
8- He is always ………………………in doing his own job. (success)
9- Students always need help and …………………….. (encourage)
10- Every week millions children die in …………………countries. (develop)
11- Learning the ………………….isn’t sometimes an easy task. (true)
12- Kassala is a very ………………………..town. (produce)
13- There is great …………………….in agriculture. (improve)

C) Prefixes:
Use the words at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the
space. Use the following prefixes before each word:

dis – over – in – re

1-My composition is not tidy. The teacher told me to ……………..it. (write)

2-I quite………………………..with you. (agree)
3-At last they were able to ……………………….all the difficulties. (come)
4-You have to finish your work. It is ………………….. (complete)
5-I went to work very late. I ……………………….. (slept)
D) Gap filling:
Choose the suitable words from the list below to complete the
following text:

city – brother – dura – agriculture – away – tractor – received – years

planted – harvest
I have just …………………..a letter from my …………………, Oyay. He
is in Wad Akona, an …………………..area in Upper Nile State. He has been
there for two ……………………..Oyay is a ………………….He grows

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……………………, ……………….and sunflowers, and has ……………….

Them near, Wad Akona. He has just bought a …………………and has gone
to Kosti to buy other things. He will soon go back to ……………….his crops.
my brother has never been …………….from his farm. He has not yet
…………… a city.
E) Summary:
Young people nowadays prefer scooters to bicycles for several reasons.
Firstly, scooters are much faster and do not need much physical effort. Secondly,
the rider can take a passenger with him on the seat behind. Above all, riding a
scooter gives a young man a feeling of independence because he can travel
further and impress his friends.
Scooter, on the other hand, has some disadvantages. They are more
expensive to buy and repair than bicycles. Also scooters encourage young people
to take risks by going too fast. As a result, they cause death and serious injuries.
(A) In not more than 20 words, summarize the advantages of
scooters.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
(B) In not more than 15 words, summarize the disadvantages of
scooters.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
F) Composition:
In about 120 – 180 words write a story about Ahmed who was working as a
mechanic to help his poor family. After wards, he joined a computer college
to have new skills and finally succeeded in changing his lie to the better.
You may use the following ideas and information if you like.

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 At school: clever boy – thinking about his family – studying hard –

succeeded in the Secondary Certificate – got excellent marks
 Job hunting: looked for a job everywhere – not accepted – worked as a
mechanic – little money
 Computer college: enrolled in a computer college – did well – awarded a
diploma in computing
 Success in life: applied for a job – a company – interviewed – got excellent
marks – employed – good study – happy life
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………..……..
Part Four: Literature
(1) Treasure Island:
A. Answer the following questions:
1- The captain tells Jim that Flint’s men are looking for him. What do they
want?
………………………………………………………………………………
2- What does Blind Pew do when he comes to the Admiral Benbow
Inn?
………………………………………………………………………
………

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3- Why do Jim and his mother run to the village?

………………………………………………………………………
………
4- What do Jim and his mother find in the captain’s sea-chest?
………………………………………………………………………
………
5- How does Blind Pew die?
………………………………………………………………………
………
B. Draw a circle round the letter of the most correct alternative a, b,
c or d:
1- Which pirate was blind?
a. the Captain b. Pew c. Long John Silver d. Captain Flint
2- Bill wanted to leave the inn because…………….
a. he had no money left b. Flint’s men were looking for
him c. the inn was not busy d. Dr. Livesey
would call the police
3- Jim and his mother was rescued by……………….
a. Dr. Livesey and Captain b. Blind Pew and Black Dog
c. the pirates d. the customs men
4- What was the name of the captain who died in the inn?
a. Black Beard b. Morgan c. Billy d. Pew
5- Dr. Livesey’s first name was:
a. David b. John c. Alexander d. Billy
C. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write
(T) for the true answer and (F) for the false one:
1- Dr. Livesey was very kind. (……..)
2- Captain Flint had been a terrible pirate. (……..)
3- The blind beggar was called Pew. (……..)
4- There was a “Red spot” on the piece of paper which the Pew put on the
Captain’s hand. (……..)
5- The “Black Spot” means the pirates will come. (……..)
6- Jim’s father was killed by the captain. (……..)
7- Jim and his mother tan to the village to get help. (……..)
8- Captain Bill brought with him some bottles of rum. (……..)

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9- When the captain had died, his face became purple and black. (……..)
10- Jim took his leather packet from his mother. (……..)
11- The horsemen rode over Blind Pew in the darkness. (……..)
2- Our Mutual Friend:
A. Answer the following questions:
1- Why was John Harmon going to be rich?
………………………………………………………………………………..
2- Who is the book “Our Mutual Friend” written by?
………………………………………………………………………………..
3- Old John had made a very strange will. Why was it very strange?
………………………………………………………………………………..
4- Together, the two young men had made a plan.
a- Who were the two young men?
………………………………………………………………………………..
b- What was the plan they had made?
………………………………………………………………………………..
5- Who spoke to Hexam from another boat on the river? Was this man a
friend of Hexam?
………………………………………………………………………………..
6- As the boat moved silently over the water, the thing at the end of the rope
always followed. What was the thing at the end of the rope?
………………………………………………………………………………..
B. Draw a circle round the letter of the most correct alternative a, b,
c or d:
1- John Harmon had not seen the river for……………years
a. four b. fourteen c. forty
2- John Harmon’s father’s lawyer was…………………
a. Bella Wilfer b. George Radfoot c. Lightwood
3- The boat was sailing in the season of ………………..
a. autumn b. spring c. winter
4- Who said this “Always in luck, your, partner”
a. Lizzie b. Rogue Riderhood c. John Harmon
5- Lizzie was sailing with her………….
a. brother b. uncle c. father

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C. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write

(T) for the true answer and (F) for the false one:
1- George Radfoot was a sailor.
(………)
2- Lizzie was eighteen years old.
(………)
3- On the boat there were some rope and a great iron hook.
(………)
4- The name of the river was River Thames.
(………)
5- The thing that followed at the end of the boat was body of a drowned
man. (………)

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