HT MCQ QB

UNIT-1
1 Thermal diffusivity is a
(A) Function of temperature

(B) Physical property of a substance
(C) Dimensionless parameter
(D) All of these
ANS-B
2 Which of the following is the case of heat transfer by radiation?

(A) Blast furnace
(B) Heating of building
(C) Cooling of parts in furnace
(D) Heat received by a person from fireplace
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
3 The heat transfer takes place according to
(A) Zeroth law of thermodynamics

(B) First law of thermodynamics
(C) Second law of thermodynamics
(D) Kirchhoff's law
ANS-C
4 Thermal conductivity of water _________ with rise in temperature.
(A) Remain same
(B) Decreases
(C) Increases
(D) May increase or decrease depending upon temperature
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
5 Heat is closely related with
(A) Liquids
(B) Energy
(C) Temperature
(D) Entropy
Correct Answer
Answer: Option C
6 Pick up the wrong case. Heat flowing from one side to other depends directly on
(A) Face area
(B) Time
(C) Thickness
(D) Temperature difference
Correct Answer
Answer: Option C
7 Heat transfer in liquid and gases takes place by
A) Conduction
(B) Convection
(C) Radiation
(D) Conduction and convection
ANS-B
8 The critical radius is the insulation radius at which the resistance to heat flow is
(A) Maximum
(B) Minimum
(C) Zero
(D) None of these
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
9 Metals are good conductors of heat because
(A) Their atoms collide frequently
(B) Their atoms are relatively far apart
(C) They contain free electrons
(D) They have high density
Correct Answer
Answer: Option A
10 Which of the following is a case of steady state heat transfer?
(A) I.C. engine
(B) Air preheaters
(C) Heating of building in winter
(D) None of the above
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
11 Which of the following would lead to a reduction in thermal resistance?
(A) In conduction, reduction in the thickness of the material and an increase in thermal
conductivity.
(B) In convection, stirring of the fluid and cleaning the heating surface.
(C) In radiation, increasing the temperature and reducing the emissivity.
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
12 Cork is a good insulator because it has
(A) Free electrons
(B) Atoms colliding frequency
(C) Low density
(D) Porous body
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
13 Unit of thermal conductivity in M.K.S. units is
(A) K cal/kg m² °C
(B) K cal m/hr m² °C
(C) K cal/hr m² °C
(D) K calm/hr °C
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
14 Thermal diffusivity is a
(A) Function of temperature
(B) Physical property of a substance
(C) Dimensionless parameter
(D) All of these
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
15 Unit of thermal conductivity in S.I. units is
(A) J/m² sec
(B) J/m °K sec
(C) W/m °K
(D) Option (B) and (C) above.
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
16 Which of the following statement is wrong?
(A) The heat transfer in liquid and gases takes place according to convection
(B) The amount of heat flow through a body is dependent upon the material of the body
(C) The thermal conductivity of solid metals increases with rise in temperature
(D) Logarithmic mean temperature difference is not equal to the arithmetic mean
temperature difference
Correct Answer
Answer: Option C
17 Thermal conductivity of solid metals with rise in temperature normally
(A) Increases
(B) Decreases
(C) Remain constant
(D) May increase or decrease depending on temperature
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
18 Thermal conductivity of non-metallic amorphous solids with decrease in temperature
(A) Increases
(B) Decreases
(C) Remain constant
(D) May increase or decrease depending on temperature
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
19 The heat transfer by conduction through a thick sphere is given by
(A) Q = 2πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
(B) Q = 4πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
(C) Q = 6πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
(D) Q = 8πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
20 Fourier's law of heat conduction is (where Q = Amount of heat flow through the body
in unit time, A = Surface area of heat flow, taken at right angles to the direction of heat
flow, dT = Temperature difference on the two faces of the body, dx = Thickness of the
body, through which the heat flows, taken along the direction of heat flow, and k =
Thermal conductivity of the body)
(A) k. A. (dT/dx)
(B) k. A. (dx/dT)
(C) k. (dT/dx)
(D) k. (dx/dT)
Correct Answer
Answer: Option A
21 When heat is transferred from hot body to cold body, in a straight line, without
affecting the intervening medium, it is referred as heat transfer by
(A) Conduction
(B) Convection
(C) Radiation
(D) Conduction and convection
Correct Answer
Answer: Option C
22 Thermal diffusivity of a substance is
(A) Directly proportional to the thermal conductivity
(B) Inversely proportional to density of substance
(C) Inversely proportional to specific heat
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
23 Thermal conductivity of air at room temperature in kcal/m hr °C is of the order of
(A) 0.002
(B) 0.02
(C) 0.01
(D) 0.1
Correct Answer
Answer: Option B
24 Heat flows from one body to other when they have
(A) Different heat contents
(B) Different specific heat
(C) Different atomic structure
(D) Different temperatures
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
25 Thermal diffusivity of a substance is given by (where h = Thermal diffusivity, ρ =
Density of substance, S = Specific heat, and k = Thermal conductivity)
(A) h = k/ ρS
(B) h = ρS/k
(C) h = S/ρk
(D) h = kρ/S
Correct Answer
Answer: Option A
26 The amount of heat flow through a body by conduction is
(A) Directly proportional to the surface area of the body
(B) Directly proportional to the temperature difference on the two faces of the body
(C) Dependent upon the material of the body
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
27 According to Stefan Boltzmann law, the total radiation from a black body per second
per unit area is directly proportional to the
(A) Absolute temperature
(B) Square of the absolute temperature
(C) Cube of the absolute temperature
(D) Fourth power of the absolute temperature
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
28 Which of the following has maximum value of thermal conductivity?
(A) Aluminium
(B) Steel
(C) Brass
(D) Copper
Correct Answer
Answer: Option A
29 The heat transfer by conduction through a thick cylinder (Q) is given by (where T2 =
Higher temperature, T1 = Lower temperature, r1 = Inside radius, r2 = Outside radius, l
= Length of cylinder, and k = Thermal conductivity)
(A) Q = [2πlk (T2 – T1)]/2.3 log (r2/r1)
(B) Q = 2.3 log (r2/r1)/[2πlk (T2 – T1)]
(C) Q = [2π (T2 – T1)]/2.3 lk log (r2/r1)
(D) Q = = 2πlk/2.3 (T2 – T1) log (r2/r1)
Correct Answer
Answer: Option A
30 A composite slab has two layers of different materials with thermal conductivities k1
and k2. If each layer has the same thickness, then the equivalent thermal conductivity
of the slab will be
(A) k1 k2
(B) (k1 + k2)
(C) (k1 + k2)/ k1 k2
(D) 2 k1 k2/ (k1 + k2)
Correct Answer
Answer: Option D
31 Two balls of same material and finish have their diameters in the ratio of 2: 1 and both
are heated to same temperature and allowed to cool by radiation. Rate of cooling by big
ball as compared to smaller one will be in the ratio of
(A) 1:1
(B) 2: 1
(C) 1: 2
(D) 4: 1
Correct Answer
Answer: Option C
32 As the temperature increases, the thermal conductivity of a gas
(A) increases
(B) decreases
(C) remains constant
(D) increases up to a certain temperature and then decreases
Ans-A
33 Heat is genrated uniformly in a long solid cylindrical rod (diameter = 10 mm) at the
rate of 4×10^7W/m³. The thermal conductivity of the rod material is 25 W/m.K. Under
steady state conditions, the temperature diffrence between the centre and the surface of
the rod is _____________ºC
A)15°C
B)10°C
C)20°C
D)22°C
Ans-B
34 A hollow cylinder has length L, inner radius r1, outer radius r2, and thermal
conductivity k. The thermal resistance of the cylinder for radial conduction is
(A) 1n(r2/r1)/2πkL
(B) 1n(r1/r2)/2πkL
(C) 2πkL/1n(r2/r1)
(D) 2πkL/1n(r1/r2)
Ans-A
35 Steady one-dimensional heat conduction takes place across the faces 1 and 3 of a
composite slab consisting of slabs A and B in perfect contact as shown in the figure,
where kA, kB denote the respective thermal conductivities. Using the data as given in
the figure, the interface temperature T2(in°C) is __________
A)67.5°C
B)70.1°C
C)69°C
D)62°C
Ans-A
UNIT-2
1 Which of the following arrangements of fins is more effective for the same base
area?
1. Large number of closely spaced fins
2. Small number of thick fins
a. Arrangement 1
b. Arrangement 2
c. both the arrangements 1 and 2 are similarly effective
d. unpredictable
Ans-a
2 Aluminium is used as a fin material because
a. it has higher convection heat transfer coefficient
b. it has higher thermal conductivity
c. it has lower convection heat transfer coefficient
d. it has lower thermal conductivity
ANSWER: b. it has higher thermal conductivity
3 The parameters of a fin are given below.
Diameter of the fin d = 2 cm
Thermal conductivity k = 200 W/mK
Convective heat transfer coefficient h = 12 W/m2 K
Base temperature of the fin Ts = 500 0C
The air temperature
T8 = 50 0C
Calculate the rate of heat transfer from the fin.
a. 119.7 W
b. 97.93 W
c. 57.7 W
d. 4.62 W
ANSWER: 97.93 W
4 How is the rate of heat transfer from the fin given?
h = convective heat transfer coefficient
P = perimeter of the fin
k = thermal conductivity of fin
A = cross-sectional area of the fin
Ts= Base temperature of the fin
T∞ = Temperature of surrounding fluid
a. q = h P k A (Ts – T∞)
b. q = P k A (Ts – T∞)
c. q = √(hPkA) (Ts – T∞)
d. none of the above
Ans-c
5 A fin of uniform cross-section A and perimeter P has a base temperature Ts and it is
exposed to fluid having temperature T∞ How is the temperature distribution in the fin
given?
Where,
m = √(hP/kA)
h = convective heat transfer coefficient
k = thermal conductivity of fin
T = Temperature of the fin at the distance x from the base of fine
and the constants C1 and C2 depend on the boundary conditions
a. T – T∞ = C1emx – C2e– mx
b. T – T∞ = C1emx + C2e– mx
c. T + T∞ = C1emx – C2e– mx
d. T + T∞ = C1emx + C2e– mx
ANSWER: b. T – T∞ = C1emx + C2e– mx
6 For effective working of fins, the thickness of the fines should be
a. large
b. small
c. thickness of fin does not affect the fin effectiveness
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: small
7 Which medium of surrounding is better for fin effectiveness?
a. gas medium
b. liquid medium
c. fins have same effectiveness in both the gas and liquid mediums
ANSWER: gas medium
8 What is the effect of convective heat transfer coefficient h on fin effectiveness?
a. fin is effective if the value of convective heat transfer coefficient h is small

b. fin is effective if the value of convective heat transfer coefficient h is large
c. fin effectiveness does not affected by the value of convective heat transfer
coefficient h
ANSWER: fin is effective if the value of convective heat transfer coefficient h is small
9 What is the effect of thermal conductivity k on fin effectiveness?
a. fin is effective for smaller value of thermal conductivity k

b. fin is effective for larger value of thermal conductivity k
c. thermal conductivity k does not affect the fin effectiveness
d. cannot say
ANSWER: fin is effective for larger value of thermal conductivity k
10 What is effectiveness of fin?
a. the ratio of actual heat transferred from fin area to the heat which would be
transferred if entire fin area was at base temperature
b. the heat which would be transferred if entire fin area was at base temperature to the
ratio of actual heat transferred from fin area
c. the heat which would be transferred if entire fin area was at minimum temperature to
the ratio of actual heat transferred from fin area
d. the ratio of actual heat transferred from fin area to the heat which would be
transferred if entire fin area was at minimum temperature
ANSWER: the ratio of actual heat transferred from fin area to the heat which would be
transferred if entire fin area was at base temperature
11 How is the effective surface area of finned tube surface calculated?
Where,
Afin = the area of tube surface on which fines are provided
Aunfinned = the area of tube surface on which fines are not provided
ηfin = fin efficiency
a. A = Aunfinned + Afin
b. A = ηfin (Aunfinned + Afin)
c. A = Aunfinned + (ηfin x Afin)
d. A = (ηfin x Afin)
ANSWER: A = Aunfinned + (ηfin x Afin)
12 Which side is suitable to provide fins on to enhance heat transfer, when heat exchanges
between gas and liquid?
a. Gas side
b. Liquid side
c. None of the sides
ANSWER: Gas side
13 Consider that heat transfer is taking place through a fin
having circular cross-sectional area, one dimensionally as shown in
figure.
The rate of heat transfer by conduction into a section at x is equal to
a. sum of rate of heat transfer by convection out of the element (x+dx) and heat transfer
by convection from the surface between x to (x+dx)
b. sum of rate of heat transfer by conduction out of the element (x+dx) and heat
transfer by conduction from the surface between x to (x+dx)
c. sum of rate of heat transfer by conduction out of the element (x+dx) and heat transfer
by convection from the surface between x to (x+dx)
ANSWER: sum of rate of heat transfer by conduction out of the element (x+dx) and heat tra
from the surface between x to (x+dx)
14 Temperature at the end tip of the fin having uniform cross-sectional area is
a. maximum
b. minimum
c. similar to the heat generation temperature
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: minimum
15 What is the purpose of using fins in a particular heat transfer system?
a. to decrease rate of heat transfer
b. to increase rate of heat transfer
c. to maintain rate of heat transfer at a constant rate
d. cannot say
ANSWER: to increase rate of heat transfer
16 What is the formula for maximum temperature (Tmax) at the center of a long and solid
cylindrical electric wire of radius r?
Where,
q̇ is rate of heat generation into the electric wire
k is thermal conductivity of the electric wire
and To is the surface temperature of the wire
a. (Tmax)=(To) +(q̇r2/2k)
b. (Tmax) =(To) +(q̇r2/4k)
c. (Tmax) =(q̇r2/2k)
d. Tmax) =(To) +(4q̇r2/k)
ANSWER: (Tmax) =(To) +(q̇r2/4k)
17 What is the ratio of the buoyancy force to the viscous force acting on a fluid called?
a. Prandtl number (Pr)

b. Reynolds number (Re)
c. Nusselt number (Nu)
d. Grashof number (Gr)
ANSWER: Grashof number (Gr)
18 In the process of heat transfer through extended surfaces or fins, the entire surface area
is at
a. the same constant temperature

b. different temperatures
c. maximum base temperature
d. minimum temperature
ANSWER: b. different temperature

19 An engine is fitted with pin fins having thermal conductivity k = 200 W/mK. The
diameter and length of the fin is 2 cm and 50 cm respectively. Calculate the
temperature at 10 cm from the fin base if fine base temperature is 500 °C and fin is in
contact with air at 50 °C. Take h = 12 W/m2K
Consider that the fin is infinitely long
a. 80.67 °C
b. 100 °C
c. 85.67 °C
d. 185.67° C
ANSWER: d. 185.67 °C
20 Efficiency of the fin is given by
(a) q.with fin / q.without fin
(b) q.without fin/ q.with fin
(c) q.without fin/ q.max
(d) None,
Ans-c
21 Parameter ‘m’ of a fin is given by the relation
(a) (kAc/hP)0.5
(b) (PAc/hk)0.5
(c) (hP/kAc)0.5
(d) None,
Ans- (c)
22 Temperature distribution in case of a fin of infinite length is
(a) linear
(b) Parabolic,
(c) Exponential,
(d) None,
Ans-c
23 Which one of the following configurations has the highest fin effectiveness?
(A) Thin, closely spaced fins
(B) Thin, widely spaced fins
(C) Thick, widely spaced fins
(D) Thick, closely spaced fins

Ans-A
24 A fin has 5mm diameter and 100mm length. The thermal conductivity of fin
material is 400W/mk. One end of the fin is maintained at 130ºC and its
remaining surface is exposed to ambient air at 30ºC. if the convective heat
transfer coefficient is 40Wm-2K-1, the heat loss (in W) from the fin is
(A) 0.08
(B) 5.0
(C) 7.0
(D) 7.8
Ans-B
25 The heat loss from a fin is 6 W. The effectiveness and efficiency of the fin are 3
and 0.75, respectively. The heat loss (in W) from the fin, keeping the entire fin
surface at base temperature, is__________
A)8W
B)10W
C)12W
D)14W
Ans-A
26 A fin has 5mm diameter and 100mm length. The thermal conductivity of fin
material is 400Wm-1k-1 . One end of the fin is maintained at 130ºC and its
remaining surface is exposed to ambient air at 30ºC. if the convective heat
transfer coefficient is 40Wm-2K-1, the heat loss (in W) from the fin is
(A) 0.08
(B) 5.0
(C) 7.0
(D) 7.8
Ans-B
27 What is the purpose of using fins in heat transfer?
Increase the rate of heat transfer
Decrease the rate of heat transfer
To maintain constant rate of heat transfer
None
Ans: (a)
28 Temperature at the fin tip of uniform cross section will be
Minimum
Maximum
Temperature of the base
None
Ans: (a)
29 Which analysis is the easiest among the three cases of the fins
Infinite length fin
Finite length fin with tip insulated
A fin of finite length
None
Ans: (a)
30 In which case the efficiency of the fin will be maximum
Infinite length fin
Fin of finite length with tip insulated
Finite length fin
None
Ans: (c)
31 Efficiency for a fin of finite length with tip insulated is
(a) Cosh(mL)/mL,
(b) Sinh(mL)/mL,
(c) Cosh(mL)/Sinh(mL),
(d) None,
Ans- (d)
32 Effectiveness of a fin be
(a) <1,
(b) =1,
(c) >1 ,
(d) None,
Ans-C
UNIT 3 – Thermal insulation & Transient heat conduction
When the thickness of insulation on a pipe exceeds the critical value the heat flow rate
a) Remains constant.
b) Decreases.
c) Increases.
d) None of these.
ANSWER: c) Decreases.
Transient conduction mean

a) Conduction when the temperature at a point varies with time.
b) Heat transfer for a short time.
c) Heat transfer with a very small temperature difference.
d) Very little heat transfer.
ANSWER: a) Conduction when the temperature at a point varies with time.
Two insulating materials are used to insulate a steam pipe. The best result would be obtained when
a) Both maybe put in any order.
b) Better insulation is put over pipe and inferior one over it.
c) Inferior insulation is put over pipe and better one over it.
d) None of these.
ANSWER: b) Better insulation is put over pipe and inferior one over it.
The characteristic length, in the non-dimensional Biot-number, is the ratio of

a) Surface area to perimeter of solid.
b) Volume of solid to its surface area.
c) Perimeter to surface area of solid.
d) None of these.
ANSWER: b) Volume of solid to its surface area.
Suppose that a hot metal ball is immersed in cold water, then temperature distribution in the body
depends upon
a. thermal conductivity of the body
b. convective heat transfer from the body surface to water
c. both a. and b.
ANSWER: both a. and b.
Suppose that a hot metal ball is suddenly immersed in cold water. What is the condition for the ball to
maintain it at a uniform temperature?
a. the conduction resistance in a ball should be very large compared to the convection resistance for heat
transfer from surface of ball to water
b. the conduction resistance in a ball should be very small compared to the convection resistance for heat
transfer from surface of ball to water
c. the conduction resistance in a ball should be equal to the convection resistance for heat transfer from
surface of ball to water
d. cannot say
ANSWER: the conduction resistance in a ball should be very small compared to the
convection
resistance for heat transfer from surface of ball to water
What is lumped heat capacity analysis?
a. the analysis of a system in which it is assumed to be at no uniform temperature

b. the analysis of a system in which it is assumed to be at uniform temperature
c. the analysis of a system in which it is assumed to be at either uniform or no uniform
temperature
ANSWER: the analysis of a system in which it is assumed to be at uniform temperature
The Biot number or Biot modulus is given by
a. the ratio of external convection resistance to the internal conduction resistance

b. the ratio of internal conduction resistance to the external convection resistance
c. multiplying internal conduction resistance and external convection resistance
Answer Explanation Related Ques
ANSWER: the ratio of internal conduction resistance to the external convection resistance
What is the correct formula for The Biot number?
a. hl/k
b. k/hl
c. l/hk
d. hk/l
ANSWER: hl/k
What should be the Biot number to assume the body at uniform temperature?
a. the Biot number should be less than 0.1

b. the Biot number should be more than 0.1
c. the Biot number should be equal to 0.1
ANSWER: the Biot number should be less than 0.1
UNIT-4
1 Assume fluid flowing in a tube forcefully. The velocity boundary layer develops along
the tube. Thickness of this boundary layer increases in the flow direction until the
boundary layer reaches the tube centre. This region from the tube inlet to the point at
which the boundary layers merge at the centreline is called as
a. laminar entry region

b. hydraulic entry region
c. hydrostatic entry region
d. hydrodynamic entry region
ANSWER: d. hydrodynamic entry region

2 What is hydrodynamically developed region in fluid flowing inside a pipe?
a. a region where velocity profile of the fluid is partially developed

b. a region where velocity profile of the fluid is fully developed
c. a region where velocity profile of the fluid changes according to the distance
ANSWER: b. a region where velocity profile of the fluid is fully developed

3 What is the ratio of the buoyancy force to the viscous force acting on a fluid called?

c. Nusselt number (Nu)
d. Grashof number (Gr)
ANSWER: d. Grashof number (Gr)

4 In natural convection, the Nusselt number (Nu) depends on
a. Pr and Re
b. Gr and Re
c. Gr and Pr
ANSWER: c. Gr and Pr
5 Which of the following condition is correct for natural convection?
a. (Gr / Re2) = 1
b. (Gr / Re2) << 1
c. (Gr / Re2) >> 1
ANSWER: c. (Gr / Re2) >> 1

6 If there are no externally induced flow velocities, then the Nusselt number (Nu) does
not depend upon

c. Grashof number (Gr)
ANSWER: b. Reynolds number (Re)
7 The Grashof number in natural convection plays same role as
a. Prandtl number (Pr) in forced convection

b. Reynolds number (Re) in forced convection
c. Nusselt number (Nu) in forced convection
ANSWER: b. Reynolds number (Re) in forced convection

8 In convection heat transfer energy transfer takes place between
a. two solid surfaces connected physically

b. solid surface and fluid system in motion
c. both a. and b.
ANSWER: b. solid surface and fluid system in motion
9 What is the correct formula for the rate of heat transfer (q) from a surface of body of
the area A to the surrounding fluid, when surface of the body is at temperature Ts and
the surrounding fluid is at temperature T∞?
a. q = k A (Ts – T∞)
b. q = h A (Ts – T∞)
c. q = (h/k) A (Ts – T∞)
d. q = (1/h) A (Ts – T∞)
Where,
k = conductivity of the body
h = coefficient of convection
ANSWER: b. q = h A (Ts – T∞)

10 The convection heat transfer coefficient depends upon
a. the thermal properties of fluid

b. geometry of the system
c. characteristics of the fluid flow
d. all of the above
ANSWER: d. all of the above
11 When the surface of a body is at higher temperature than the surrounding fluid, then the
heat flows firstly from surface of the body to the adjacent layer of fluid by
a. convection
b. conduction
c. radiation
ANSWER: b. conduction
12 The fluid flow in which the fluid particles in one layer do not mix with the fluid
particles in the other layer is called as
a. laminar flow
b. turbulent flow
c. layer flow
ANSWER: a. laminar flow

13 . Generally, all the fluid particles in flowing fluid
a. flow at a constant velocity

b. flow at various velocities
c. flow at a velocity as high as possible
ANSWER: b. flow at various velocities

14 What is the relation between the rate of convection heat transfer and the rate of mixing
in turbulent fluid flow?
a. the rate of convection heat transfer decreases with increase in the rate of mixing in
turbulent fluid flow
b. the rate of convection heat transfer increases with increase in the rate of mixing in
turbulent fluid flow
c. the rate of convection heat transfer does not affected by the change in the rate of
mixing in turbulent fluid flow
ANSWER: b. the rate of convection heat transfer increases with increase in the rate of
mixing in turbulent fluid flow
15 Viscosity of a fluid can be defined as
a. change in density of the fluid per unit temperature

b. flow resistance offered by the fluid
c. flow velocity change
ANSWER: b. flow resistance offered by the fluid

16
Which of the following fluid can be considered as an ideal fluid?
a. viscous fluid
b. non-viscous fluid
c. compressible fluid
d. all of the above
ANSWER: b. non-viscous fluid

17 Consider a fluid of height H, flowing on a stationary plate as shown in figure. The
top most layer of the fluid is moving with velocity U0. Which of the following
condition is correct for the given condition?
a. The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (H x U 0)

b. The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (H / U 0)
c. The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (U0 / H)
ANSWER: C. The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (U 0 / H)
18 What is the correct formula for the shear stress (τ) in a flowing fluid according to the
Newton's law of viscosity?
a. (τ) = (1 / μ) (du / dy)

b. (τ) = μ (du / dy)
c. (τ) = μ A (du / dy)
Where,
μ = absolute viscosity of the flowing fluid
(du / dy) = change in velocity of a layer per unit change in distance of that layer from
the surface
A = area of the surface on which the fluid is flowing
ANSWER: b. (τ) = μ (du / dy)

19 What is the SI unit for absolute or dynamic viscosity (μ)?
a. Ns/m2
b. Nm2/s
c. N/m2s
d. N/m2
ANSWER: a. Ns/m2
20 What is the relation between the absolute viscosities of liquid and gas?
a. (μliquid) ≈ (μgas)
b. (μliquid) << (μgas)
c. (μliquid) >> (μgas)
ANSWER: c. (μliquid) >> (μgas)

21 The viscosity of a liquid
a. increases with increase in liquid temperature

b. decreases with increase in liquid temperature
c. is not affected by the change in liquid temperature
d. is unpredictable
ANSWER: b. decreases with increase in liquid temperature

22 How is the viscosity of gas affected by change in its temperature?
a. viscosity of a gas decreases with increase in temperature of gas

b. viscosity of a gas increases with increase in temperature of gas
c. viscosity of a gas is not affected by change in temperature of gas
d. viscosity of a gas is unpredictable
ANSWER: b. viscosity of a gas increases with increase in temperature of gas
23 What is kinematics viscosity of a fluid?
a. dynamic viscosity per unit volume of the fluid

b. dynamic viscosity per unit weight of the fluid
c. dynamic viscosity per unit density of the fluid
ANSWER: c. dynamic viscosity per unit density of the fluid

24 The heat transfer is largely governed by conduction from the surface of the fluid, when
a. the velocity of the fluid is high

b. the velocity of the fluid is small
c. the velocity of the fluid is small as well as high
ANSWER: b. the velocity of the fluid is small

25 In turbulent flow of the fluid,
a. conduction becomes more important

b. conduction becomes less important
c. doesn't matter
ANSWER: b. conduction becomes less important

26 Mixing of fluid from regions of high temperature with the fluid from region of low
temperature
a. increases the rate of heat transfer

b. decreases the rate of heat transfer
c. rate of heat transfer is not affected
ANSWER: a. increases the rate of heat transfer

27 The Nusselt modulus or Nusselt number is a convenient measure of
a. rate of heat transfer

b. convective heat transfer coefficient
c. both a. and b.
ANSWER: b. convective heat transfer coefficient

28 What is the correct formula for the Nusselt modulus or Nusselt number (Nu)?
a. Nu = h k l
b. Nu = (h k) / l
c. Nu = (k l) / h
d. Nu = (h l) / k
ANSWER: d. Nu = (h l) / k
29 Generally, natural convection occurs due to
a. change in velocity of a fluid

b. change in density of a fluid
c. change in molecular structure of a fluid
ANSWER: b. change in density of a fluid

30 The buoyancy forces which give rise to the natural convection are called as
a. convection forces
b. fluid forces
c. body forces
ANSWER: c. body forces

31 The intensity of mixing of fluid in natural convection is
a. more than the intensity of mixing of fluid in forced convection

b. less than the intensity of mixing of fluid in forced convection
c. equal to the intensity of mixing of fluid in forced convection
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: b. less than the intensity of mixing of fluid in forced convection

32 What is the relation between convection heat transfer coefficients of natural convection
and forced convection?
a. convection heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is lower than the

convection heat transfer coefficient of forced convection
b. convection heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is more than the
convection heat transfer coefficient of forced convection
c. convection heat transfer coefficients in both natural and forced convection are the
same for same system
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: a. convection heat transfer coefficient of natural convection is lower than

the convection heat transfer coefficient of forced convection
33 What is the relation between the upward velocity of the fluid and the distance from the
bottom of the plate, when plate is hotter that fluid?
a. as the distance from the bottom of the plate increases, the upward velocity of the
fluid near the plate surface decreases
b. as the distance from the bottom of the plate increases, the upward velocity of the
fluid near the plate surface increases
c. the upward velocity of the fluid near the plate surface is same all over the plate
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: b. as the distance from the bottom of the plate increases, the upward
velocity of the fluid near the plate surface increases
34 Assume a natural convection heat transfer on a vertical flat plate surrounded by a fluid.
Where will be the fully developed turbulent layer of fluid established, if the plate is
hotter than the fluid?
a. At the bottom of the plate

b. At the middle of the plate
c. At the top of the plate
d. Nowhere
ANSWER: c. At the top of the plate

35 Below figure shows a natural convection heat transfer on a horizontal flat plate and fluid
is above it. Which condition satisfies the figure below?
a. Plate temperature is lower than the fluid temperature

b. Plate temperature is higher than the fluid temperature
c. Plate temperature is equal to the fluid temperature
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: b. Plate temperature is higher than the fluid temperature
36 The ratio of kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity is called the __________

number.
A. Peclet
B. Prandtl
C. Stanton
D. Nusselt
Answer: Option B
HEAT TRANSFER [Multiple Choice Question] UNIT No-05
Name of UNIT: RADIATION
01 Question: The emissive power of a blackbody is P.P. If its absolute temperature

is doubled, the emissive power becomes
Option A 2P
Option B 4P
Option C 8P
Option D 16P
Correct Answer 16P
02 Question: A diffuse radiation surface has
Option A Radiation intensity independent of angle
Option B Emissive angle independent of angle
Option C Emissive power independent of wavelength
Option D Radiation intensity independent of angle and wavelenth
Correct Answer Radiation intensity independent of angle

03 Question: The radiation heat exchange between two bodies depends upon
Option A the views of two surfaces with each other
Option B the medium between the two bodies
Option C emitting and absorbing characteristics of the bodies
Option D all of the above
Correct Answer all of the above

04 Question: Shape factor is also called as
Option A view factor
Option B geometry factor
Option C configuration factor
Correct Answer all of the above

05 Question: When F12 is the shape factor of A1with respect to A2 and F21 is the shape factor
of A2 with respect to A1and A1= A2, then what is the relation between F12 and F21?
Option A F12 > F21

Option B F12 < F21
Option C F12 = F21
Option D none of the above
Correct Answer F12 = F21
06 Question: Which parameter in the radiant heat exchange between two black bodies is
analogous to the voltage in electrical system?
Option A Difference in areas of the two black bodies (A 1– A2)
Option B Difference in two shape factors (F12 – F21)
Option C Difference in emissive powers of the two black bodies (E b1 – Eb2)
Correct Answer Difference in emissive powers of the two black bodies (Eb1 – Eb2)
07 Question: What is the formula for the analogous resistance for radiant heat exchange
between two black bodies?
Option A 1 / (A1F21)
Option B 1 / (A1F12)
Option C both a. and b.
Correct Answer both a. and b.

08 Question: The rate of radiant flux between two black bodies is analogous to
Option A resistance in electrical system
Option B voltage in electrical system
Option C current in electrical system
Correct Answer current in electrical system

09 Question: What is irradiation (G)?
Option A the total radiation incident upon a surface per unit time per unit surface area
Option B the total radiation leaving a surface per unit time per unit surface area
Option C the net radiation exchanging between two surfaces per unit time per unit
surface area
Correct Answer the total radiation incident upon a surface per unit time per unit
surface area
10 Question: The total radiation leaving a surface per unit time per unit surface area is called
as
Option A radiosity
Option B irradiosity
Option C irradiation
Correct Answer radiosity

11 Question: Gases absorb and emit radiant energy
Option A in all wavelengths over the entire spectrum (λ = 0 to ∞)
Option B only between narrow ranges of wavelengths
Option C only at single constant wavelength
Option D unpredictable
Correct Answer only between narrow ranges of wavelengths

12 Question: For a glass plate transitivity and reflectivity are specified as 0.86
and 0.08 respectively, the absorptivity of the glass plate is
Option A 0.86
Option B 0.08
Option C 1.00
Option D 0.06
Correct Answer 0.06
13 Question: The Stefan-Boltzmann law of thermal radiation is applicable for
Option A white body

Option B gray body
Option C black body
Option D all the bodies
Correct Answer black body
14 Question: In the equation for the rate radiant heat energy from a perfect radiator
q = σ A T4
the constant σ is called as
Option A Black body constant
Option B Radiation constant
Option C Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Correct Answer Stefan-Boltzmann constant

15 Question: Consider two black bodies at temperatures T1 and T2 (T1 > T2) having same
surface area A, are placed in vacuum. What will be the correct formula for net rate of
radiant heat transfer between these surfaces?
Where σ is a Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Option A q = σ A (T1 – T2)4
Option B q = σ A (T14 – T24)

Option C q = σ A (T1 – T2)
Correct Answer q = σ A (T1 – T2 )

4 4
16 Question: Gray body can emits radiation
Option A at higher rate than the black body
Option B at lower rate than the black body
Option C at equal rate than the black body
Option D cannot predict
Correct Answer b. at lower rate than the black body

17 Question: What is the correct formula for the rate of heat transfer by convection form a
surface of area A at temperature T to the surrounding fluid at temperature T0?
Where h is convection heat transfer coefficient
Option A qc = h A (T – T0)4
Option B qc = h A (T4 – T04)
Option C qc = h A (T – T0)
Correct Answer c. qc = h A (T – T0)
18 Question: Two long parallel surfaces each of emissivity 0.7 are maintained at different
temperatures and accordingly have radiation heat exchange between them. It is desired to
reduce 75% of the radiant heat transfer by inserting thin parallel shields of emissivity 1 on
both sides. The number of shields should be
Option A 1
Option B 2
Option C 3
Option D 4
Correct Answer 3
19 Question: Which of the following is the case of heat transfer by radiation
Option A blast furnace

Option B heating of building
Option C cooling of parts in furnace
Option D All of the above
Correct Answer All of the above
20 Question: Heat is transferred by all three modes of transfer, viz, conduction,
convection and radiation in
Option A electric heater

Option B steam condenser
Option C melting of ice
Option D boiler.
Correct Answer boiler.
21 Question: The rate of energy emission from unit surface area through unit solid
angle, along a normal to the surface, is known as
Option A emissivity
Option B transmissivity
Option C reflectivity
Option D intensity of radiation
Correct Answer intensity of radiation
22 Question: A grey body is one whose absorptivity
Option A varies with temperature

Option B varies with wavelength of the incident ray
Option C is equal to its emissivity
Option D does not vary with temperature and. wavelength of the incident
ray
Correct Answer is equal to its emissivity
23 Question: Two balls of same material and finish have their diameters in the ratio
of 2 : 1 and both are heated to same temperature and allowed to cool by
radiation. Rate of cooling by big ball as compared to smaller one will be in the
ratio of
Option A 1 :1
Option B 2: 1
Option C 1:2
Option D 4:1
Correct Answer 1 : 2
24 Question: According of Kirchhoff’s law
Option A radiant heat is proportional to fourth power of absolute

temperature
Option B ratio of emissive power to absorptive power for all bodies is
same and is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black
body.
Option C emissive power depends on temperature

Option D emissive power and absorptivity are constant for all bodies
Correct Answer ratio of emissive power to absorptive power for all bodies is
same and is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black
body.
25 Question: All radiations in a black body are
Option A reflected
Option B refracted
Option C transmitted
Option D absorbed
Correct Answer absorbed
26 Question: According to Kirchoff’s law, the ratio of emissive power to
absorptivity for all bodies is equal to the emissive power of a
Option A grey body

Option B brilliant white polished body
Option C red hot body
Option D black body
Correct Answer black body
27 Question: According to Stefan-Boltzmann law, ideal radiators emit radiant
energy at a rate proportional to
Option A absolute temperature

Option B square of temperature
Option C fourth power of absolute temperature
Option D fourth power of temperature
Correct Answer fourth power of absolute temperature
28 Question: The unit of Stefan Boltzmann constant is
Option A watt/cm2 °K
Option B watt/cm4 °K
Option C watt2/cm °K4
Option D watt/cm2 °K4
Correct Answer watt/cm2 °K4
29 Question: Stefan Boltzmann law is applicable for heat transfer by
Option A conduction
Option B convection
Option C radiation
Option D conduction and radiation combined
Correct Answer radiation
30 Question: According to Wien’s law, the wavelength corresponding to maximum
energy is proportion to
Option A absolute temperature (T)

Option B I2
Option C f
Option D t
Correct Answer absolute temperature (T)

31 Question: Depending on the radiating properties, a body will be white when
where a = absorptivity, p = reflectivity, x = transmissivity
Option A p = 0, x = 0 and a = 1
Option B p=l,T = 0anda = 0
Option C p = 0, x = 1 and a = 0
Option D x = 0, a + p = 1
Correct Answer p=l,T = 0anda = 0
32 Question: The ratio of the energy absorbed by the body to total energy falling on
it is called
Option A absorptive power

Option B emissive power
Option C absorptivity
Option D emissivity
Correct Answer absorptive power
33 Question: 40% of incident radiant energy on the surface of a thermally
transparent body is reflected back. If the transmissivity of the body be 0.15, then
the emissivity of surface is
Option A 0.45
Option B 0.55
Option C 0.70
Option D 0.40
Correct Answer 0.45
34 Question: Two plates spaced 150 mm apart are maintained at 1000°C and 70°C.
The heat transfer will take place mainly by
Option A convection
Option B free convection
Option C forced convection
Option D radiation
Correct Answer radiation
35 Question: Planck’s law holds good for
Option A black bodies

Option B polished bodies
Option C all coloured bodies
Correct Answer black bodies
36 Question: If the temperature of a solid surface changes form 27°C to 627°C,
then its emissive power changes in the ratio of
Option A 3
Option B 6
Option C 9
Option D 81
Correct Answer 81
UNIT 6
HEAT EXCHANGER & CONDENSATION & BOILING
In heat exchangers, the degree of approach is defined as the difference between temperatures
of
a) Cold water inlet and outlet.
b) Hot medium inlet and outlet.
c) Hot medium outlet and cold water inlet.
d) Hot medium outlet and cold water outlet.
ANSWER: d) Hot medium outlet and cold water outlet.
Which among the following is the reason for providing floating heads in heat exchanger?
a) To increase pressure drop
b) To decrease pressure drop
c) To regulate the flow
d) To avoid the deformation of tubes due to thermal expansion
ANSWER: d) To avoid the deformation of tubes due to thermal expansion
In regenerative type heat exchanger, heat transfer takes place by

a) indirect transfer
b) flow of hot and cold fluids alternatively over a surface
c) direct mixing of hot and cold fluids
d) generation of heat again and again
ANSWER: b) flow of hot and cold fluids alternatively over a surface
When is the arithmetic mean temperature difference of heat exchanger used instead of LMTD?
a. when the temperature profiles of two fluids of heat exchanger are sloping downward with curve
b. when the temperature profiles of two fluids of heat exchanger are sloping upward with curve
c. when the temperature profiles of two fluids of heat exchanger are straight
ANSWER: when the temperature profiles of two fluids of heat exchanger are straight
How can the arithmetic mean temperature difference and LMTD of a same heat exchanger be
compared?
a. the arithmetic mean temperature difference is less than LMTD of a same heat exchanger
b. the arithmetic mean temperature difference is more than LMTD of a same heat exchanger
c. the arithmetic mean temperature difference and LMTD of a same heat exchanger are equal
ANSWER: the arithmetic mean temperature difference is more than LMTD of a same heat exchanger
Which of the following temperature difference is safer than other to consider in designing of heat
exchangers?
a. Arithmetic Mean Temperature Difference (ΔTam)

b. Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD)
c. Both have nothing to do with safety
d. Other
ANSWER: Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD)
For the same inlet and exit temperatures of two fluids, the LMTD for counterflow is always
a. smaller than LMTD for parallel flow

b. greater than LMTD for parallel flow
c. same as LMTD for parallel flow
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: greater than LMTD for parallel flow
For the same heat transfer Q and same overall heat transfer coefficient U o, surface area required for
parallel flow operation is always
a. less than LMTD for counter flow

b. more than LMTD for counter flow
c. same as LMTD for counter flow
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: more than LMTD for counter flow
In parallel flow heat exchangers,
a. the exit temperature of hot fluid is always equal to the exit temperature of cold fluid
b. the exit temperature of hot fluid is always less than the exit temperature of cold fluid
c. the exit temperature of hot fluid is always more than the exit temperature of cold fluid
d. we cannot predict comparison between exit temperatures of hot fluid and cold fluid
ANSWER: the exit temperature of hot fluid is always more than the exit temperature of cold fluid
For the same heat transfer Q and same overall heat transfer coefficient U o, surface area required for
cross flow operation is always
a. less than LMTD for parallel flow

b. more than LMTD for parallel flow
c. same as LMTD for parallel flow
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: less than LMTD for parallel flow
What is the purpose of using baffles in shell-and-tube heat exchangers?
a. to maintain uniform spacing between tubes

b. to enhance heat transfer
c. both a. and b.
Large sized and heavy shell-and-tube heat exchangers are suitable for
a. automotive applications
b. aircraft applications
c. marine applications
ANSWER: none of the above
How can the total thermal resistance of a heat exchanger, in which two fluids are separated by
a plane wall of surface area A, thickness t and thermal conductivity k, be calculated?

h1 and h2 are the convection heat transfer coefficients on each side of wall.
a. (t / h1 A) + (t / h2 A)
b. (1 / h1 A) + (1 / h2 A)
c. (1 / h1 A) + (1 / h2 A) + (1 / k A)
d. (1 / h1 A) + (1 / h2 A) + (t / k A)
ANSWER:
Which side is suitable to provide fins on to enhance heat transfer, when heat exchanges between gas
and liquid?
a. Gas side
b. Liquid side
c. None of the sides
ANSWER: Gas side
24) How is the effective surface area of finned tube surface calculated?
Where,
Afin = the area of tube surface on which fines are provided
Aunfinned = the area of tube surface on which fines are not provided
ηfin = fin efficiency
a. A = Aunfinned + Afin
b. A = ηfin (Aunfinned + Afin)
c. A = Aunfinned + (ηfin x Afin)
d. A = (ηfin x Afin)
ANSWER: A = Aunfinned + (ηfin x Afin)
The scales form in heat exchangers after a period of operation and provide additional resistance to
heat transfer with some heat transfer coefficient. The reciprocal of this scale heat transfer coefficient
is called as
a. scaling factor
b. fouling factor
c. forming factor
d. resisting factor
ANSWER: fouling factor
Fouling factor of a heat exchanger can be calculated by
a. [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger without scaling] – [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger with scaling]
b. [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger with scaling] – [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger without scaling]
c. [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger without scaling] x [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger with scaling]
ANSWER: [Thermal resistance of heat exchanger with scaling] – [Thermal resistance of heat
exchanger without scaling]
How is the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) calculated for heat exchangers?Where,
ΔTi= temperature difference between hot and cold fluid at inlet of heat exchanger
ΔTe = temperature difference between hot and cold fluid at exit of heat exchanger
a. ln (ΔTi– ΔTe)
b. ln (ΔTe – ΔTi)
c. (ΔTi– ΔTe) / ( ln (ΔTe / Δti))
d. (ΔTi– ΔTe) / ( ln (ΔTi / Δte))
ANSWER: (ΔTi– ΔTe) / ( ln (ΔTi / Δte))
Which type of flow in heat exchanger is represented in below diagram?
a. Parallel flow heat exchanger

b. Counter flow heat exchanger
c. Cross flow heat exchanger
ANSWER: Parallel flow heat exchanger
The arithmetic mean temperature difference for parallel flow heat exchanger is given as
a. ΔTam = (ΔTi– ΔTe)

b. ΔTam = (ΔTi+ ΔTe)
c. ΔTam = (ΔTi– ΔTe) / 2
d. ΔTam = (ΔTi+ ΔTe) / 2
ANSWER: ΔTam = (ΔTi+ ΔTe) / 2
What are the compact heat exchangers?
a. the heat exchangers having small surface area per unit volume
b. the heat exchangers having large surface area per unit volume
c. the heat exchangers having small surface area per unit weight
d. the heat exchangers having large surface area per unit weight
ANSWER: the heat exchangers having large surface area per unit volume
The heat exchanger is said to be compact when its area density is
a. equal to 700 m2/ m3

b. less than 700 m2/ m3
c. more than 700 m2/ m3
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: more than 700 m2/ m3
Which of the following can be considered as more compact efficient heat exchanger?
a. Car radiators
b. Stirling engine regenerator
c. Ceramic regenerator in gas turbine
ANSWER: Stirling engine regenerator
The compact heat exchangers are commonly used in
a. gas to gas heat transfer

b. gas to liquid heat transfer
c. both a. and b.
ANSWER:
Usually, the flow arrangement of two fluids in compact heat exchangers is
a. parallel flow
b. counter flow
c. cross flow
ANSWER: cross flow
Which of the following is/are example/s of pool boiling?
a. completely submerged electrically heated coil in pool of liquid

b. boiling of liquid in a kettle placed on stove
c. both a. and b.
In pool boiling, as soon as the temperature of heating surface reaches the boiling point of the
liquid, heat transfer takes place
a. by conduction
b. by natural convection
c. by forced convection
d. cannot say
ANSWER: by natural convection
In pool boiling process, the region after the natural convection in which the vapour bubbles form
with increase in heat flux, is called as
a. impure boiling regime

b. pure boiling regime
c. nucleate boiling regime
d. non-nucleate boiling regime
ANSWER: nucleate boiling regime
When the formation of bubbles becomes very high in pool boiling, then the heat flux
a. rises
b. reduces
c. remains constant
d. becomes unpredictable
ANSWER: reduces
What is critical heat flux in boiling heat transfer process?
a. the heat flux which reaches at a certain constant value at a particular excess temperature
b. the heat flux which reaches at the minimum value at a particular excess temperature
c. the heat flux which reaches at the maximum value at a particular excess temperature
ANSWER: the heat flux which reaches at the maximum value at a particular excess temperature
Which of the following is NOT a type of condensation heat transfer process?
a. drop-wise condensation
b. bulk-wise condensation
c. film-wise condensation
ANSWER:
Which surface does the drop-wise condensation occur on?
a. wettable surface
b. non-wettable surface
c. both a. and b.
ANSWER: non-wettable surface
How can the rates of heat transfer from drop-wise condensation and film condensation be
compared?
a. the rate of heat transfer from drop-wise condensation is lower than that of film condensation
b. the rate of heat transfer from drop-wise condensation is higher than that of film condensation
c. the rate of heat transfer from drop-wise condensation is equal to that of film condensation
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: the rate of heat transfer from drop-wise condensation is higher than that of film
condensation
Film condensation occurs on a surface when
a. condensate can wet all the surface

b. condensate cannot wet the surface
c. both a. and b.
Answer
The thermal resistance for heat transfer is low in
a. drop-wise condensation
b. film condensation
c. both drop-wise and film condensation
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: drop-wise condensation
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UNIT-1

(A) Function of temperature

2 Which of the following is the case of heat transfer by radiation?

3 The heat transfer takes place according to

(A) Zeroth law of thermodynamics

1. Large number of closely spaced fins

2. Small number of thick fins

a. fin is effective if the value of convective heat transfer coefficient h is small

a. fin is effective for smaller value of thermal conductivity k

a. Prandtl number (Pr)

a. the same constant temperature

ANSWER: b. different temperature

(A) Thin, closely spaced fins

(B) Thin, widely spaced fins

(C) Thick, widely spaced fins

(D) Thick, closely spaced fins

Transient conduction mean

The characteristic length, in the non-dimensional Biot-number, is the ratio of

resistance for heat transfer from surface of ball to water

What is lumped heat capacity analysis?

a. the analysis of a system in which it is assumed to be at no uniform temperature

a. the ratio of external convection resistance to the internal conduction resistance

a. the Biot number should be less than 0.1

a. laminar entry region

ANSWER: d. hydrodynamic entry region

a. a region where velocity profile of the fluid is partially developed

ANSWER: b. a region where velocity profile of the fluid is fully developed

a. Prandtl number (Pr)

ANSWER: d. Grashof number (Gr)

ANSWER: c. (Gr / Re2) >> 1

a. Prandtl number (Pr)

ANSWER: b. Reynolds number (Re)

7 The Grashof number in natural convection plays same role as

a. Prandtl number (Pr) in forced convection

ANSWER: b. Reynolds number (Re) in forced convection

a. two solid surfaces connected physically

ANSWER: b. solid surface and fluid system in motion

ANSWER: b. q = h A (Ts – T∞)

a. the thermal properties of fluid

ANSWER: a. laminar flow

a. flow at a constant velocity

ANSWER: b. flow at various velocities

a. change in density of the fluid per unit temperature

ANSWER: b. flow resistance offered by the fluid

ANSWER: b. non-viscous fluid

a. The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (H x U 0)

ANSWER: C. The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (U 0 / H)

a. (τ) = (1 / μ) (du / dy)

ANSWER: b. (τ) = μ (du / dy)

ANSWER: c. (μliquid) >> (μgas)

a. increases with increase in liquid temperature

ANSWER: b. decreases with increase in liquid temperature

a. viscosity of a gas decreases with increase in temperature of gas

ANSWER: b. viscosity of a gas increases with increase in temperature of gas

23 What is kinematics viscosity of a fluid?

a. dynamic viscosity per unit volume of the fluid

ANSWER: c. dynamic viscosity per unit density of the fluid

a. the velocity of the fluid is high

ANSWER: b. the velocity of the fluid is small

a. conduction becomes more important

ANSWER: b. conduction becomes less important

a. increases the rate of heat transfer

ANSWER: a. increases the rate of heat transfer