ACTIVITY

Krati Chordia
18BCE10142
Slot: B11

1. Draw the diagram of memory segmentation of 8086 and mention the

memory location of each register. and also give the starting address and
end address in memory segmentation.

2. segment and offset address register combination of memory

segmentation.

3. define segment address, offset address. equation or formula of physical

address and logical address.
We know 8086 provides segmentation. There are 4 segments CS,DS,SS,ES. We work on 8086
using virtual address. Each segments has 2 type of address

1. Segment Address (16bit) - it always points at starting address of segment block.

2. Offset Address(16 bit) - use to points random position in segment
Advantage of using offset is that we need not to give 20 bit address. By just providing offset we
can easily work on microprocessor.

Physical Address = Segment Address X 16 + Offset Address

The offset address in an 8086 is the logical address that the program "thinks about"
when it addresses a location in memory. The Execution Unit (EU or CPU) is
responsible for generating the offset address.

An address space logically divided into sections, called segments. To access a

particular memory location, a program must specify both the segment number and
the offset within that segment. In contrast, a flat address space consists of simple
memory addresses that start at 0 and increment to the maximum address.
The offset is the second part of a logical address that permits to locate an Address
inside a memory segment. A offset is not an address but the (distance|id) of this
Address from the start of a memory segment starting at 0 . An offset is also known
as: an effective address.

4. what is the formula of physical address of each segment address with

register combination?

8086 microprocessors physical address formula is:

Physical Address = Segment Register Value * 16 + Pointer Register Value.

5. the content of the following register are;

a. cs=1111h,

b. ds=1678h,

c. es=1298h,

d. ss=6789h,

e. ip=6721h,
 f. bx=7865h,

g. bp=7821h,

h. di= 1235h.

calculate the corresponding physical address and logical address byte in cs,
ds, ss, es?

1. CS=1111h
The base address of code segment is 11110h.
Effective address of Memory is given by 11110h + 6721h =17831H.

2. DS=1678h
The base address of code of code segment is 16780h
Effective address of Memory is given by 16780h + 1235h = 179B5H.

3.SS=6789h
The base address of code of code segment is 67890h
Effective address of Memory is given by 67890h + 7821h = 6F0B1H.

4.ES=1298h
The base address of code of code segment is 12980h
Effective address of Memory is given by 12980h + 7865h = 1A1E5H.