Module CW 1 (Contemporary World)

Learning Module for Flexible Learning System
Module 1 to 4
CW 1(Contemporary World)
Prepared by:
MALYN I. VILLANUEVA, Ph. D, MPA, Ll. M, Ll. B,

AB Political Science
Flexible Learning System
Learning Module
in
CW 1 (The Contemporary World)
Module 1 of 4
Course Title: CW 1 (The Contemporary World)
No. of Units: 3 units
Course Description:
This course introduces students to the contemporary world by examining the multifaceted
phenomenon of globalization. Using the variousdisciplines of the social sciences, it examines the
economic, social, political, technological, and other transformations that have created
anincreasing awareness of the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this
end, the course provides an overview of thevarious debates in global governance, development,
and sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, itseeks to
inculcate a sense of global citizenship and global ethical responsibility.
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the course the students should be able to:
A. Competencies
1. Distinguish different interpretations of and approaches to globalization
2. Describe the emergence of global economic, political, social, and cultural systems
3. Analyze the various contemporary drivers of globalization
4. Understand the issues confronting the nation-state
5. Assess the effects of globalization on different social units and their responses
B. Skills
1. Analyze contemporary news events in the context of globalization
2. Analyze global issues in relation to Filipinos and the Philippines
3. Write a research paper with proper citations on a topic related to globalization
C. Values
1. Articulate personal positions on various global issues
2. Identify the ethical implications of global citizenship
Introduction to the Module
This is Module 1 of 4 of the course- CW 1 (The Cotemporary World). This learning

module is developed for the flexible learning program of Garcia College of Technology and
programmed to run for 4 weeks. This module tackles to find the 5 outcomes on competencies of
the course
This module is primarily used at home and it takes advantaged of task-based approach to
education and self-paced learning. Success of learning would essentially depend on the
collaboration between the instructor and the learner and the communication of the learner to self-
directed learning.
It contains the (a) essential notes, (b) suggestions and links to further readings and media,
(c) quizzes, (d) activities, (e) reflection pages, (f) written test and (g) task.
How to use this module
Below is a program or sample learning cycle created by the module developer in using
this module. You are highly encouraged to follow the program to increase the success rate in
using the module. As this module comes with reading materials and dual flash drive containing
learning media, you should study all the required readings and other media cited in the essential
notes. You are also encouraged to study supplementary materials provided in the dual flash drive
or provided for in the links. It is wise that you review first the outline of the module and the
guide questions in each lesson to get an overview of the module. Study thoroughly all relevant
readings and media. This will help you create a focus to facilitate answering the quizzes and
written test and performing the activities and the task.
It is recommended that you complete the lessons so that you can have ample time to
prepare for the written test and task performance.
Learning Cycle for every Module
Friday Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Friday

Saturday Tuesday
to
Monday
Receive Lesson Continuation Lesson 2 Continuation Collection Teacher Read
Learning 1 of Lesson 1 of Lesson 2 of output checks Module 1
Packets of outputs feedbacks
Module 1
-Study -Study all -Study --Study all Teacher Send
all materials all materials writes Module 1
materials - Answer materials - Answer feedback feedbacks
- Answer quizzes -Answer quizzes for
quizzes -Perform quizzes -Perform Module
-Perform activities -Perform activities
activities 1
-Work with activities -Work with
-Work
with peer peer -Work peer
-Write -Write with -Write
reflection reflection peer reflection
-Write
reflection -Answer
written test
-Perform
task
For activities that requires writing, write legibly as this will help a lot on how you
successfully get ideas across. You can write in extra piece of paper if necessary. Extra sheets of
paper should be inserted between pages where the activity can be found. Don’t forget to label
this extra sheet with your name and the title of the activity.
Make sure to take all quizzes and perform each activity with care and diligence. Some
activities may be performed individually while some activities may require collaboration.
For collaborative activities, called peer work, your instructor will provide the name and
mobile number of the students you will collaborate. The peer work is one of the most essential
features of this module and will mean a lot for learning to succeed as we recognized that you can
learn better if you share insights and perspectives with another. The peer work may be done
through phone calls, video calls or text messaging. If better channels are accessible at the time of
the activity such as chat or forum, make use of better channel. If connecting with your designated
peer through the most basic means is impossible, try your best to solicit ideas from members of
your household on the questions, statements or instructions contained in the peer work.
Once you have completed this module, place this module and all required outputs in the
learning packet to prepare them for collection.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 15%
2. Activities - 15%
3. Peer Work - 10%
4. Reflection - 10%
5. Written Test/Prelim Exam -40%
6. Task Performance -10%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Globalization, Global Economic Crisis, Causes of Global Economic Crisis, Effects of
Globalization, Effects of Globalization to the World Economy, Effects of Globalization, Pros on
Globalization, Cons on Globalization
Intended Learning Outcomes

Instructions
Concept Notes
Links to supplementary materials
Lesson 2- Top Globalization Issues, Global Health Crisis, COVID 19 Pandemic, COVID 19 in
the Philippines, Energy and Environmental Security, Conflict and Poverty, Global Poverty,
Global Imbalances, Rise of New Powers, Economic Exclusion in the Middle East, Global
Corporations, Global Impact, Global Governance Stalemate

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activities (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work (L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activities (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
Globalization
Global Economic Crisis
Causes of Global Economic Crisis
Effects of Globalization
Effects of Globalization to the World Economy
Effects of Globalization
Pros on Globalization
Cons on Globalization
Lesson 1
1. Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, the students should have:
1. written a personal definition of globalization based on a concept map
2. differentiated the competing conceptions of globalization
3. identified the underlying philosophies of the varying definitions of globalization
4. agreed on a working definition of globalization for the course
II. General Instructions
1. Read the guide questions

2. Study the concept notes. Refer to materials cited for further understanding
3. Study supplementary materials for additional information
4. Take the quiz
5. Perform the activity
6. Fill out the reflection page
III. Guide Questions
Use the guide questions to navigate through the notes and additional readings and media.
Keep them in mind while studying. You can use a separate note to pick up answers from the
materials as you move along.
1. Explain the major impact of globalization to the economy of the country.
2. Give one of the main propositions supporting an institution based view of a global
business.
3. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of globalization and its impact on the
economy.
IV. Concept Notes
Globalization
Globalization is the freedom to deliver goods, services and even people all over the world
in an integrated and seamless manner. It is more on the opening of the country’s economy to the
global economy to the effect of strengthening or increasing trade between or among countries.
Globalization also means that countries have to liberalize import protocols and accept
foreign investments into the different sectors that are considered the mainstays of the country’s
economy. This simply means that countries have to attract foreign investors
particularlymultinational corporations.
To have a free flow of the country’s human capital from one country to another, it is
necessary that countries have to liberalize visa rules as well as procedures. With globalization,
unproductive sectors are free for investments and productive sectors are free to export goods or
services which has the result of a win-win situation for the world economy.
To have comparative advantage, countries good in producing goods or services must

export these to countries that are considered less efficient in producing the same. It is a basic
assumption that countries which are not good in producing such goods and services can be
benefited through bilateral or multi-lateral trade agreements. The other factors are the wage
differences and the countries’ resources; trading countries can gain more on trade.
For world trade, it is necessary that the trading countries must subscribe not only to the
rules but also on the procedures set by the World Trade Organization (WHO) especially on the
terms and conditions in their trade agreements. In addition, countries have to abide with the
principles set by the United Nations and other arbitration bodies on non-discriminatory and free
trade policies once they open their economies to the world.
Global economic crisis
Global economic crisis occurs whenever there is business and structural factors that has
conspired to produce perfect production. The best example is the collapse of the housing
business/market in US, the trade deficits which results to trade imbalances in the East and the
West, risky and reckless speculations and the country’s foreign debts. Great Recession is the
exposed global economic crisis which had highlighted dangers due to considerable
interconnectedness and integration. Because of this the Lehmann Brothers collapse due to the
freezing of the credit system and the collapse of the financial system in the world.
The global economic crisis that had occurred in the West has great impact on the world
economy. Europe and United States are the primary victims of this crisis. China and India were
unscathed with this global economic crisis. China’s dependence on their exports of goods to the
United States and India’s dependence on their exports of services have to work hard for them to
be safe.
This global economic crisis had failed to complete gains for the countries’ globalization.
Thus, there are calls for removing barriers in trade in the Eat and the West. There were also calls
to protect trade between the East and the West in order to regain the global economic prosperity.
Causes of Global Economic Crisis

The first cause is the distinct tags on goods “Made in USA” was considered the origin of
the global economic crisis due to the risky and reckless banking and lending practices of the
Wall Street. This started with the high risk housing market in US to the effect that it resulted to
banks losses and inability to lend money.
The second cause is the unsustainable personal, government and corporate debts of the
countries in the world. This resulted to the bankruptcy of the financial institutions. On the part
of the individuals, this would result in the foreclosure of their homes for their inability to pay
their bills. To the governments and corporations, this results in the credit crunch or global
economic crisis.
The third cause is the skyrocketing prices on oil products and foods. This is due to
limited resources.
As a whole, this global economic crisis can be a warning to the country’s policy makers
in order to encourage long term business practices and a warning to individuals to live only
within their means.
Effects of globalization
Globalization has both positive and negative effects. The positive effects are on trade,
education, technology, investments, capital flows, competition, employment, organization
structure and culture. However, according to the anti poverty campaigners, trade unions and
environmentalists, globalization can only work for the interest of the developed countries
because they are the ones that can dominate the world economy at the expense of the developing
and under developed countries.
On the world economy, globalization can only give benefits to the rich countries and their
increase in trading goods and services can result to high growth rates. Besides, in these
globalized countries taxes and government outlays have no substantial increases. In addition,
these globalized countries have low levels of corruption.
Pros on Globalization
Those who argue in favor of globalization contend that globalization can make a better
world where economic problems such as poverty and unemployment can be given solution.
1. Free trade between or among countries can lessen trade barriers such as value added
taxes, tariffs and subsidies.
2. Free trade can promote the country’s economic growth, make companies competitive,
create jobs and lower prices of goods for the consumers.
3. Trade competition can lower prices of goods.
4. Developing and under developed countries due to infusion of technology and foreign
capital can develop easily.
5. In globalization, there is colonialism but instead pure business.
6. Globalization can give countries wide access to companies; thus, giving them more
chance to the different products of the countries worldwide.
7. World power can be created and not compartmentalization of powers from the
different sectors in the economy.
8. More flow of information among the countries in the world.
9. Countries are learning more on the culture of other countries.
10. With the sharing of financial interests of countries, governments and corporations can
sort their ecological problems.
11. Due to the openness of the people in the different countries of the world, no aliens
can be considered.
12. Easy dissemination of information using the internet, mass communication and
speedy travel can be considered as benefits of globalization.
13. Export of human capital can be considered marketing their skills. Therefore, this can
pressure wages.
14. Progress is always a possibility when technologies are shared with the developing
countries provided that IP addresses are not stolen by bigger competitors such as China.
15. Unemployment problem can be solved when transnational companies would make
investments in the installation of plants in the developing or under developed countries in the
world.
16. Countries can freely agree and sign free trade agreements with the NAFTA (North
American Free Trade Agreements), TPP (Trans Pacific Partnership) and the South Korea Korus.
Cons of Globalization
For those who disagree on globalization, following are their contentions:

1. Globalization can make rich countries richer and poor countries poorer. It also follows
that globalization is only good for owners, managers and investors but not to workers or
employees.
2. It is not true that there are no trade barriers. From the countries in the world, 161 of
them have VATs (Value Added Tax) on their imports. Europe has VAT of 21.6% but US doesn’t
impose VAT.
3. Jobs are lost in developed countries and was transferred to low cost countries.
According to Robert Scott from the Economic Policy Institute, China has drained 3.2 million
jobs including manufacturing jobs. Japan has trade deficit of $78.3 billion in the year 2013 with
896,000 jobs drained and Mexico has drained 682,900jobs. From 1994 to 2010, US have
encountered deficits in trade.
4. Workers in developed countries like the United States have faced a pay cut demands
from the employers who have threatened to export jobs.
5. Big multinational corporations can avoid payment of taxes in other countries especially
those where they have exploited tax havens.
6. There are many accusations on multinational corporations such as social injustice,

living and working conditions, slave labor wages, unfair working conditions, mismanagement of
natural resources,as lack of concern for environment, and ecological damage.
7. Multinational corporations are influencing government’s decision. Globalization is a

big threat since giant corporations rule the world.
8. There is a possibility of copying and stealing our technologies especially if products

are built in a foreign country such as China.
9. Globalization does not work for all countries in the world due to inequality in global
investments as well as trade. According to the United Nations Development Program, the rich
consumes 86% of the resources of the world and only 14% are consumed by the poor.
10. Through globalization, there is a possibility of spreading communicable and deadly

diseases such as HIV/AIDS and even COVID. These are spread by the travelers even to the
remotest parts of the world.
11. Globalization can exploit labor. Child workers and even prisoners are required to
work on inhumane conditions. Safety standards are disregarded just to produce goods at low
prices. Human trafficking is also increased.
12. Safety nets or social welfare schemes are great pressures in the developed countries
because of job losses, deficit and economic ramifications brought about by globalization.
Instruction for Supplementary Material
For further readings, see the following references/links:
1. Introduce textbook: Manfred Stegger, PaulBattersby, and Joseph M. Siracusa,

eds.2014.The SAGE Handbook of Globalization.Two vols. Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
2. The Study of Globalization” by Manfred B.StegerSteger, Manfred B. “Ideologies of
Globalization.” 2005. Journal of Political Ideologies 10(1): 11–30.
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BxFe00HtDlI
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUz6Sb1hZXw&t=131s
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WAnfj8v5acM
Top Globalization Issues
Global Health Crisis
COVID 19 Pandemic
COVID 19 in the Philippines
Energy and Environmental Security
Conflict and Poverty
Global Poverty
Global Imbalances
Rise of New Powers
Economic Exclusion in the Middle East
Global Corporations, Global Impact
Global Governance Stalemate
Lesson 2
I. Intended Learning Outcomes
1. identified the different global economic problems
2. analyzed the effects of the global economic problems to the state and its people
3. identified the factors that facilitate economic globalization

4. Take the quiz
1. How dangerous is COVID 19?
2. Are multinational corporations powerful? Explain.
3. How does globalization contribute to inequality and poverty?

IV. Concept Notes
Top Globalization Issues
Globalization brings good effects to the developing and under developed countries in the
world. Through globalization, progress is a great possibility. But due to disasters that had
occurred in the different countries, we can consider these as pressing global issues that should
not be taken for granted.
Global Health Crises
Due to the pandemic, health issues are appropriate to the citizens of the world regardless
of their nationality, status or residence. Studies and researches on the existing COVID 19 crisis
had been made by medical experts and practitioners to meet the needs of every state to combat
the virus.
COVID 19 Pandemic
From December 2019 up to the present the deadly Corona Virus has affected many
people all over the world.
December 31, 2019- a group of pneumonia cases were reported by the Wuhan Municipal
Health Commission in Wuhan, China. This happened in Wuhan, in the Province of Hubei. Later,
they identified this pneumonia cases as a novel Corona Virus (nCOV).
January 1, 2020- The World Health Organization set up the Incident Management
Support Team (IMST) on 3 different levels (the national headquarters, the regional headquarters
and the country headquarters) to deal with the outbreak.
January 4, 2020- There is a report in social media by the World Health Organization on
the group of pneumonia cases with no deaths in Wuhan, China.
January 5, 2020- The World Health Organization published the outbreak of the virus in
the global media. This publication includes the risks of the virus, the assessment of the WHO and
its advices. This publication was based on the report to the WHO by China regarding the status
of their patients and how Wuhan responded to these cases of pneumonia.
January 10, 2020- The World Health Organization issued an inclusive package online
regarding the technical guidance and advices to countries on how to detect the virus and how to
test as well as manage COVID 19 cases.
It had been found out that MERS-Cov (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus)
and SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) are the common modes of transmission of
these respiratory viruses. Hence, the prevention and infection guidelines were published by
WHO for the purpose of protecting the front liners especially the health workers. They have also
to consider the droplets and other contact precautions whenever they take care of their patients.
Also they have to consider the airborne precautions for the purpose of generating procedures for
aerosol being conducted by them.
January 12, 2020- There is a public sharing by China of the genetic progression of
COVID 19 virus.
January 13, 2020- Confirmation by Thai Officials of the COVID 19 case in Thailand.
This is considered as the first recorded COVID case outside China.
January 14, 2020- Technical panels of the World Health Organization made a response
on the limited transmission to men of the COVID 19. This may be transmitted from family
members but there can be a possible sweeping outbreak.
January 20-21, 2020- Experts from the regional offices in the Western Pacific and China
conducted a field visit especially to Wuhan, China.
January 22, 2020- World Health Organization issued a statement that there was an
evidence of human transmission of COVID 19 in Wuhan, China. Further investigations were
made to have full understanding of the scope of the virus’ transmission.
January 22-23, 2020- The Director General of the World Health Organization convened
the EC (Emergency Committee) under IHR 2005 (International Health Regulations) to make an
assessment on whether the COVID 19 outbreak can be considered an international concern and
therefore can be considered as a public health emergency.
January 28, 2020- The Director General and the WHO delegates travelled to China
particularly in Beijing to meet with the leaders of China. The purpose is to learn more about how
China responded to COVID 19 transmission and WHO offered technical assistance.
January 30, 2020- The Director General of the World Health Organization re-convened
the EC (Emergency Committee) and the committee had decided that the outbreak of the virus is
considered a public health emergency of international concern.
February 3, 2020- A Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan were released by the
World Health Organization in order to protect countries with a weaker health system.
February 11-12, 2020- The Research and Innovation Forum were convened by the World
Health Organization on COVID 19.
February 16-24, 2020- The joint mission of the World Health Organization and China
together with the experts from Germany, Canada, Japan, Republic of Korea, Nigeria, Singapore,
Russia and the United States travel to Beijing, China and also to Wuhan, China to talk to the
health officials, health workers and scientists particularly in the health facilities and they observe
physical distancing.
March 11, 2020- World Health Organization had made an assessment that COVID 19 is a
pandemic.
March 13, 2020- The COVID 19 Solidarity Response Fund was launched in order to
receive donations especially from private corporations, institutions and individuals.
March 18, 2020-The World Health Organization conducted international clinical trials for
the purpose of generating data on the effective and successful treatment for COVID 19.
COVID 19 in the Philippines
As reported by our DOH (Department of Health) last January 30, 2020, the first case of
COVID 19 in the Philippines attacked a 38 year old female who is Chinese national. On March
7, 2020, the World Health Organization and the Philippine Department of Health confirmed the
first local transmission in the country.
March 17, 2020, the entire Philippines was placed in a lockdown due to the COVID 19
outbreak.
Energy and Environmental Security
This is the main issue in the global agenda. Forging national security, economic and
societal damage brought about by uncertain environmental catastrophe, energy supplies and the
need for technological advances can produce secure but low polluting energy sources. So it is
necessary to have agreements reducing fuel dependency and even greenhouse gas emissions.
Shaking these challenges can result to oil price hike and global warming covering immediate
concern for some countries and compelling others for rapid changes.
Conflict and Poverty
A resistance on global poverty is considered a struggle for global security. This is the
main struggle preferably of developing and under developed countries in the world. The
declaration made by the United States’ military brings a humanitarian role in reducing suffering
as well as preventing disorder from increasing into bigger crisis or conflicts.
Global Poverty
Poverty is a worldwide problem because of the inability of the poor people to survive.
Government must give priority to this problem. Fortunately, there are different perspectives and
approaches by the governments to solve this global problem.
Global Imbalances
The interconnection of the United States, China and the oil exporting countries are now
in unknown and new territory. This can be a great problem especially to developing and under
developed countries for this might result to gross imbalances.
Rise of New Powers
The rise of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICs) and Mexico can reshape global
economy and international politics. The mentioned countries have a changing structure on trade,
international production, capital flows and their consumption of their natural resources.
Moreover, these countries began shifting to distribution of global powers to the effect of forcing
great and powerful countries to arrive to terms of sharing management of international systems
and rules in the next decades.
Economic Exclusion in the Middle East
The Middle East has economic windfall due to its young workforce. Twenty two percent
(22%) of its total population are from ages 15 to 24 years old and this is considered the highest
average worldwide. This demographic opportunity in the Middle East has prompted the region’s
economic growth and stability.
Global Corporations, Global Impact
The primary player in the global economy is the private sector. This is where
multinational corporations would come in. Their presence in the global economy is significant in
helping countries solving their unemployment problems and mitigates risk of globalization.
Global Governance Stalemate
There are several global challenges that remain unsolved even up to now. These
challenges include nuclear proliferation, threat of the pandemic, deadlock in the trade
negotiations of the countries and global poverty. It is necessary that the affected countries must
take a vital role in giving solutions to these challenges.

3.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4zYZ6TlQUk
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5D7Bm8Y3P2M
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfyNqt1OqWQ
Peer Work (L1)
For this section, you have to communicate with your assigned peer through a text
message, a call or using other platforms of communication. You are given guide questions to
keep in mind while you read. With these questions, discuss with your peers your responses.
When done, fill the file below with the responses of your peer.
Name of peer ________________________________________________________________
1. Explain the major impact of globalization to the economy of the country.

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2. Give one of the main propositions supporting an institution based view of a global
business.
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3. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of globalization and its impact on the economy.
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Quiz (L1)
Direction: Understand the statement in each number. If the statement is correct, write
TRUE and if the statement is erroneous, explain/justify in not more than three (3) sentences the
reason/s why the statement is FALSE. (10 points each)
1. Protesters for anti-globalization are claiming that the corporations’ motive is profit and
therefore these shall be strictly regulated.
2. It is possible to produce a logical argument against globalization that is within the

framework of the natural vision of the society.
3. The protests and arguments on globalization have no point because no government can
slow down globalization even though they have tried it.
4. Developing countries in the world need international support in order to avoid inequality.
5. The global economic problems which include unequal economic development and
global inequality, global poverty, depletion of the environment and global warming, the
exhaustion of non-renewable resources, and systemic problems are all associated with inadequate
regulation of the businesses in the country.
6. Great Depression which was triggered by the Wall Street crash of 1929 is aggravated by
the poor policy decisions of the government of the United States.
7. Spending of the consumers will drop, when people stay at home or ordered to do so, and
evade public activities like shopping, travel and eating out.
8. Globalization is not impossible for the country’s regulators to predict the implications of
their actions.
9. Whenever there is recession, unemployment increases moderating wage increases.
10. With the falling demand, business organizations usually do not answer by cutting prices.
Activity (L1)
Click these links and watch the videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BxFe00HtDlI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUz6Sb1hZXw&t=131s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WAnfj8v5acM
Then in not less than 400 words, write your reaction on these 3 videos.
Position Paper Rubric
The answers to the questions are rated as follows:

1. Clear and Complete
2. Clarity of Thought
3. Accurate, brief and concise
4. Style and Grammar
Criteria Performance Level Score

100 Total
Points Exemplary Competent Unsatisfactory
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an Fails to address the
Complete and complete adequate understanding question or
25 points understanding of the of the question demonstrates an
question inadequate or partial
25 Points 20 Points grasp of the question
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity,
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused,
25 points depth of reflection, omit significant facts
and insight 20Points or is otherwise
25 Points incomplete
15 Points
Accurate, Presents answer Presents information Significant problems
brief and accurately, briefly fairly accurately and with concision, and
concise and concisely, in an concisely, may have organization,
25 points organized manner minor organization making the
25 Points problems information
20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of Uses acceptable style May contain enough
Grammar style and grammar and grammar (contains distracting grammar,
25 points well one or a few errors) spelling, etc. errors
25 Points 20Points to make it
substantially
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
Write legibly your reflections in the space provided. You can use extra sheet if you wish
to write more.
Here are the questions:
1. What top 3 things you have learned from this lesson?
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2. How will you personally rate yourself in performing the activity (very good, good,
needs improvement)? Why?
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3. What are the things you enjoyed most about this lesson?
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4. What are your difficulties in this lesson?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________________
1. How dangerous is COVID 19?
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2. Are multinational corporations powerful? Explain.
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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3. How does globalization contribute to inequality and poverty?

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Quiz (L2)
TRUE and if the statement is erroneous, explain/justify in not more than three (3) sentences the
1. Can Corona-virus disease (COVID-19) be a chance to increase people’s sensitivity to

the global crises like climate change?
2. In the wake of COVID-19, should we allow remote research data entry?
3. Can urban agriculture be the right solution to the challenges on poverty facing the food
supply chain in the urban areas despite of the COVID-19?
4. Can the transformation of the country’s economy from agriculture to industries

alleviate poverty especially in the agricultural sector?
5. Can a corona virus pandemic provoke the 2020 global economic crisis, including
economic recession?
6. Global imbalances are not considered crisis in the international financial market.
7. The primary cause of trade deficit is an imbalance between a country's investment rates
and savings.
8. The COVID 19 pandemic released the increasing economic down turn from the time of
the Great Depression.
9. Material gains from global opportunities are not properly distributed among the entire
population.
10. A multinational corporation (MNC) must obey the laws of the host country rather
than the laws of its home country.
Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4zYZ6TlQUk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5D7Bm8Y3P2M
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfyNqt1OqWQ
Then in not less than 400 words, write your reaction on these 3 videos.


100 Total
Complete and complete adequate understanding question or
25 points understanding of the of the question demonstrates an
15 Points
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused,
25 points depth of reflection, omit significant facts
and insight 20Points or is otherwise
25 Points incomplete
15 Points
brief and accurately, briefly fairly accurately and with concision, and
concise and concisely, in an concisely, may have organization,
25 points organized manner minor organization making the
25 Points problems information
20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of Uses acceptable style May contain enough
Grammar style and grammar and grammar (contains distracting grammar,
25 points well one or a few errors) spelling, etc. errors
25 Points 20Points to make it
substantially
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
Write legibly your reflections in the space provided. You can use extra sheet if you wish
to write more.
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2. How will you personally rate yourself in performing the activity (very good, good,
needs improvement)? Why?
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Performance Task
This performance task measures how well you can put together the skills you have
learned from Lessons 1 to 2 of this Module.
Name _______________________________________ Course and Year _____________

Date_____________________________ Score ___________ Remarks_______________
Here are the components of effective learning environment according to Bates (2019) but
excluding assessment.
 the characteristics of the learners and their means of inter-communication
 the goals for teaching and learning
 the activities that support learning
 the resources that are available such as textbooks, technology or learning spaces
Perform the following tasks
A. Create a learner profile with this mini form

Year Level ________________________________________________
Number of students in class __________________________________
Economic status (monthly family income) _______________________
B. Goals for teaching and learning

Write down set of general learning goals you need to cover in a semester. Write 3 to 5
goals.
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C. What are the activities that support learning in your class? Write a brief but clear
description of the activities. Include activities that parents, teachers and other school staff can do
to support learning. Include frequency of the activities if necessary.
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C. 1. List down technology resources in the class. Be specific with the software and hardware.
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2. Draw the layout of your learning space. Position the elements (furniture, technology hardware,
doors, windows etc) in a way that learning is maximize in your learning space. Label the
elements properly. If you think you need to create differently shaped spaces, you can draw the
shape. Work on a draft in a different paper before drawing your final output on this sheet.
Rating scale for written goals
4- Excellent 3- Very good 2-Adequate 1-Poor

The objectives… 4 3 2 1
are developmentally appropriate for the learner
are expressed in clear statements
are relevant and practical
are attainable
Rating scale for activities that support learning

The activities… 4 3 2 1
are aligned with the goals set by the professor
define clearly the role of persons involved in creating a supportive
learning environment
are time bound and attainable
target the different areas that need support
Rating scale for technology and resources that support learning environment

The technology… 4 3 2 1
are developmentally appropriate for the learner
are easy to use
adequately meets the needs of the learner
Rating scale for the learning space layout

The learning environment’s … 4 3 2 1
space is adequate for the different learning activities
availability of technology learning tools/equipment
appropriateness of the technology learning tools/equipment
ventilation, lighting and consideration of the learner’s safety
flow of traffic (The fixtures are arranged in a way that the learner can
easily navigate through different working/activity space)
Learning Module
in
Module 2 of 4
Course Description:
phenomenon of globalization. Using the various disciplines of the social sciences, it examines
the economic, social, political, technological, and other transformations that have created an
increasing awareness of the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this
end, the course provides an overview of the various debates in global governance, development,
and sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to
Learning Outcomes:
A. Competencies
B. Skills
C. Values

programmed to run for 4 weeks. This module tackles to find the 3 outcomes on skills of the
course
education and self-paced learning. Success of learning would essentially depend on the collaboration
between the instructor and the learner and the communication of the learner to self-directed learning.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 10%
2. Activities - 10%
3. Peer Work - 10%
4. Reflection - 10%
5. Written Test/Midterm Exam -30%
6. Task Performance -10%
7. Prelim Grade -20%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Effects of globalization in the Philippines, Benefits of Globalization to Filipinos, The

Influence of Cultural Globalization in the Philippines, Build Build Build Program of Pres.
Duterte, Global Warming, Greenhouse Effect

Instructions
Concept Notes
Lesson 2- Free Trade Agreement and how it works, Advantages of Free Trade Agreements,
Disadvantages of Free Trade Agreements, Solutions to the Problems, Trade – Multi-national
Corporations and Trans-national Corporations

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activity (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work ( L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activity (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
\
Effects of globalization in the Philippines
Benefits of Globalization to Filipinos
The Influence of Cultural Globalization in the Philippines
Build Build Build Program of Pres. Duterte
Global Warming
Greenhouse Effect
Lesson 1
1. identified the actors that facilitate economic globalization in the Philippines
2. defined the modern world system
3. articulated a stance on global economic integration

4. Take the quiz
1. Can globalization minimize inequality?
2. Give reasons in making global warming a world phenomenon.
3. Cite the reasons on the occurrence of the greenhouse effect.

IV. Concept Notes
Effects of globalization in the Philippines
Philippines had been a friendly state and had opened trade relations with its foreign
neighbors. It is country to different foreign investor such as Japanese, Chinese, Americans and
whoever is willing to make investments in our country. Philippine laws are very friendly as far as
foreign investments are concerned for the reason that these foreign investors not only give
employment opportunities to Filipinos but also progress and industrialization in our country.
One of the major effects of globalization to the Philippines was job openings for our
OFWs (Overseas Filipino Workers). There are different OFW Filipino professionals working in
the different countries of the world. These are:
1. Filipino doctors, nurses and other health workers now working in USA, THE Middle
East and Europe.
2. English speaking educators and teachers working in the USA, Latin American
countries and Africa.
3. Domestic helpers and nannies in Singapore, Hongkong, the Middle East and Europe
4. Engineers, technicians and construction workers to the Middle East and the different
parts of the world
5. Seafarers in the merchant ships and sailors to the US Navy
6. Chefs and other hotel staff on hotels, cruise ships and understaffed resorts
7. Computer programmers and IT professionals helping companies solving the Y2K
problems
8. Security professionals who are now employed by the different private military
contractors and who were deployed to the troubled countries I the world
9. Highly trained managers, administrative staff and finance officers to the different
companies abroad.
Although this situation had led the spread of OFWs and the Filipino culture to the
different parts of the world yet it has increased the problems of these OFWs or those oppressed
in the foreign countries far from the support of the government. These OFWs left their children
here under the care of their grandparents, uncles, aunties or cousins.
The remittances of these OFWs had helped the stagnant Philippine economy. This is the
reason why these OFWs are considered as the modern heroes of our country.
Globalization in the Philippines brought more foreign visitors and residents to our
country. It is the quality, strength and the Philippine education’s lower cost that convinced
foreign students to enroll in the different levels in our local schools, colleges and universities.
English speaking teachers and tutors got increased income due to the arrival of foreign students
in our county.
Our successful campaigns and advertisements of WoW (World of Wonders) Philippines

and It’s More Fun in the Philippines had brought more tourists from the different countries of
the world. This gives rise to tourism in the Philippines.
The Philippine Retirement Authority was established to update not only the flow but the
settlement of the retired foreigners in the Philippines. With this, it brought increased income for
dormitories and residences, domestic drivers, janitorial services, domestic helpers, security etc.
The influx of these foreigners to our country is preferred by Filipinos because this can
help alleviate wealth imbalances and poverty between the rich and the impoverished poor. Due
to cultural interactions, there is a speedy change in the lifestyle, behaviors and language of the
Filipinos. Inter marriages between Filipinos and foreigners also are the results.
Globalization had change a lot to the Philippine economy. It is not just the remittances of
our OFWs that have increased the country’s source of income but also the rise of the BPOs
(Business Process Outsourcing).
Through globalization, industry is growing and more Filipinos are benefited from it and
had even contributed to the growth of the middle class Filipinos.
Benefits of Globalization to Filipinos
It has been proven that is beneficial not only to the Philippines but to the Filipinos as
well. As a result of globalization, the following occurred in our country.
1. Western mentality and practices are more common; thus, decreasing the older
traditions in our country.
2. BPOs increases. They have helped the Gross Domestic Product of our country.
Besides, Philippines is considered as the Call Center capital of the world.
3. Colonial mentality on the choice of products is present to Filipinos. Foreign brands of
products are the first choice of the Filipinos.
The Influence of Cultural Globalization in the Philippines
If we go back to the study of Philippine history, our country had been colonized by Spain
for 377 years and 9 months and by the United States of America for 47 years and 7 months.
These years we have been exposed to the cultures of the West and the USA; thus, bringing great
effects to the Filipino people by erasing the Filipino culture, values and traits of the past.
Filipinos have been known to have colonial mentality especially to the youth of today.
This colonial mentality had reflected our country’s media, pop culture and lifestyle. The
Filipinos instead to be deeply rooted to their sense of identity, patriotic pride and traditionalism,
they are ashamed of their inability and flaws to manage themselves with the people of the
developed countries.
This colonial mentality can be first found in our language; the so-called Tag-lish or the
Tagalog and the English language. Instead of promoting our very own culture, we are fascinated
with the culture of the foreign countries. In other words, Filipinos can easily change the Filipino
culture and even traditions like changing it the same as changing clothes. We are certainly
Through this colonial mentality, Filipinos are forces to be OFWs or get for their children
to get education abroad for the reason that the salary or wage abroad is not so comparable with
the salary or wage in our country.
The culture of the Americans has a strong impact on the Filipino ideas of individualism
and independence. Filipinos viewed this American culture as superior and that is the reason why
many Filipinos are adopting it. Even though American culture advocates the pleasure of the
hedonists and overindulgence and excess, Filipinos follow it. Filipinos idolized American
celebrities, liked American foods and often listened to American music to the effect that we lose
our original Filipino cultural identity.
Our Filipino traditions are considered as the important part of the Filipinos’ cultural
identity. Because Filipino cultural values are divided between morality and tradition, these
values give culture a sense of pride and belonging as Filipinos. So, when these cultural principles
and values are erased, then the Filipino culture is also erased. Many Filipinos opted to wear coat
and tie during gatherings and special occasions instead of wearing barong Tagalog because this
is the culture of the foreign land. In such a case, the identity of the Filipinos is now erased.
Furthermore, Filipino brown skin is being changed by many to a creamy and white skin
for them to be like Europeans and Americans by using glutathione and other whitening soap and
changing the black colors of hairs to a blonde in order for them to be looked attractive. There is
nothing wrong changing the Filipino look but being happy with a Filipino look with a Filipino
heritage and identity is what counts most.
There is a dropped of human capital in our country especially in the areas of science,
medicine, engineering, education and management and this can cause a major barrier to our
social and economic development. The reason for this is that the professionals that we lose are in
their active and productive ages. If we compare with the other ASEAN member countries, the
Philippines the number 1 in exporting nurses and number 2 in exporting doctors abroad. Even
though Philippines is getting benefits from their remittances here still the productive gains go to
the developed and industrialized countries where these Filipino professionals are working.
Brain drain can cause the loss of human capital. When many Filipinos desire to work
abroad, our country has been deprived of greatest talents of these Filipino professionals abroad.
Our country lost exceptionally qualified professionals who are seeking and continue to seek
greener pastures in a foreign country.
The Build Build Build program of President Rodrigo Duterte can create more jobs to the
unemployed. In order to solve this problem on brain drain, our government has to make a
concrete plan especially on the improvement of the working conditions providing the
workers/professionals with great incentives with their expertise and competence for them to stay
in our country.
Build Build Build Program of Pres. Duterte
The BBB Program of President Rodrigo Duterte is a program to expand infrastructure

spending for the country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product). This is an unequated allocation of the
government’s budget for infrastructure in the history of the Philippines. The goal of this program
is to open its door to the flow of capital, people and goods nationwide and in every region and
province in the country. In this way, the 3 major islands in the Philippines- Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao can receive equal support from the budget of the government.
These infrastructure projects under the BBB Program of the present government include
the Luzon Spine Expressway Network connecting the northern to the southernmost parts of the
island of Luzon. Travel time from L Union to Bicol using this expressway can be 8 hours and 15
minute only instead of 19 hours 40 minutes. Another infrastructure is the improvement of NLEX
Harbor Link which connects Mc Arthur Highway in Valenzuela City and C-3 in Caloocan City
and this shortens the travel time from Manila to Quezon City in only 11 minutes.
Bridges are included in this BBB program. The existing 26 bridges crossing Marikina
River, Pasig River and the Manggahan Roadway with the addition of 12 new bridges known as
Metro Manila Logistics Improvement Network aims to ease traffic in Epifanio Delos Santos
Avenue and the other major roads in Metro Manila. Part of the network is the 961-meter
Bonifacio Global City-Ortigas Center Link Road Project which can shorten the time of travel
from Taguig to Pasig in just 12 minutes.
Mindanao Growth Corridors project is part of the BBB Program. This includes the
construction of 8 roads in Zamboanga Peninsula and 3 bridges in Tawi Tawi Province.
Mindanao Road Development Network which covers infrastructures in Davao, Northern

Mindanao, Caraga and Soccksargen, the objective of this network is to direct to the limitations
which give rise to high transportation fare and insufficient logistics infrastructure. In the
Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao and the other regions in Mindanao, there is the
Bangsamoro Road Network Development Project for the construction and development of road
network which covers 11 access roads and bridges.
The other infrastructures within the BBB Program are the following:
1. Davao City Bypass. This can reduce the travel time from 1 hour 44 minutes passing Pan
Philippine Highway to only 49 minutes travel time passing Davao City Bypass.
2. New Bacolod Economic Highway. Through this travel time will be reduced from 45
minutes to only 15 minutes.
3. Panguil Bay Bridge. This is bridge which connects Misamis Occidental, Tangub City
and Tubod, Lanao Del Norte. Travel time from one province to the other is only for 10
minutes from the 2 hours and 30 minutes.
4. Metro Cebu Expressway. Travel time Danao City to Naga City is less by more than 50%
5. Leyte Tide Embankment Project. This is a project from Brgy. Diit in Tacloban City to
Brgy. Ambao in Tanauan, Leyte where the aim is to protect houses from the destructive
storm surges.
Global Warming
In global warming, there is an increase in the temperature of the earth’s surface because
of greenhouse gases like the emission of carbon dioxide from the fuels of burning fossil or from
the deforestation which prevent the heat supposed to get out from the earth. This is the so-called
greenhouse effect.
The climate of the earth is determined by the first 6 miles of the atmosphere. This is a
thin layer. This is as thin as the skin of an onion.
Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse effect is the procedure by which emission from the atmosphere of the planet
can warm its surface to a normal temperature of the earth. If there are radioactive gasses, they
will discharge the heat to all directions. Part of it is the earth’s surface warming it.
The natural effect of the greenhouse gases is vital to the supporting life. The activities of
men like burning fossil fuels and deforestation can cause global warming and the greenhouse
effect.
Simply, this greenhouse effect arises when sunlight passes through the glass where the
airflow is reduced and the warm is kept inside.

3.Studies by Bryan S. Turner (Editor); Robert J. Holton (Editor) ISBN: 9780415458085
Publication Date: 2019-12-21
4. Globalization by Manfred B. Steger ISBN: 019280359X Publication Date: 2013-
06-19
5. The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy by Pietra Rivoli ISBN: 0470287160
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJAbATJCugs
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPJJM_hCFj0
Free Trade Agreement and how it works
Advantages of Free Trade Agreements
Disadvantages of Free Trade Agreements
Solutions to the Problems
Trade – Multi-national Corporations and Trans-national Corporations
Lesson 2
1. produced an overview on terms such as tariff, free trade agreement (FTA), and free
trade area.
2. discussed the establishment of the Free Trade Agreements
3. explained the purpose of the export and import of goods and services

4. Take the quiz
1. Give the benefits of the free trade agreements.
2. What is the action of the government in addressing non-tariff barriers?
3. In your opinion, is free trade agreement free to provide terms and conditions on trade?
IV. Concept Notes
Free Trade Agreement and how it works
Free trade agreement is an agreement between two countries (bilateral trade) or among
two or more countries (multilateral trade) regarding exportation and importation of goods or
services. This agreement can even hash out the contract especially if politicians of both signatory
countries have set some goals and some understanding. For example: Canada is the producer of
steel and USA is a consumer of steel. Politicians of both countries can agree on the easy
movement of steel across the boarders in order that both countries can gain from it. Both
signatory states can agree and in some cases understanding is hashed out
Bureaucrats can impose their own tariff schedules but they can come up with what
their politicians had set out. The updated schedules of tariff are made available to
businessmen who in turn send it to their accountants. It is here that the accountants can
make an update of their expected costs. This is the reason why businesses pay different rates
of export and import taxes on a particular day that it is made effective.
Advantages of Free Trade Agreements
The primary purpose of free trade is to increase the trade of the signatory states. This
increase has brought 6 advantages:
1. Increased economic growth. The country can make a rough estimate on whether
free trade is beneficial or not beneficial to their growing economy.
2. Business climate can be more dynamic. With the trade agreement, businesses can
be protected. Removal of barriers in trade can make businesses motivated to their competitors.
3. Lower government spending. With the subsidy of the government to local
industries, funds can be better used.
4. Direct foreign investments. There is an influx of foreign investors in the country
to the effect that local and domestic industries can expand
5. Expertise. The expertise here would refer to the expertise of the global companies
for the purpose of developing their resources. In turn, local industries are given access to the new
methods adopted. This is true to oil drilling, mining and manufacturing companies. Another is
when the multi-national corporations partner with the domestic corporations on the development
of their resources, MNCs (multi-national corporations) then the employees of the local industries
with their best practices in such a way that the local industries can have access to the new
methods.
6. Transfer of technology. The local industries can have access to the latest
technological developments adopted by their multinational partners. MNCs can provide
trainings to the local employees. In addition, local economies continue to grow and these MNCs
can give more job opportunities to the locals.
Disadvantages of Free Trade Agreements
If there are advantages on free trade, there are also disadvantages. Most criticize the so-
called job outsourcing. The disadvantages are:
1. Job outsourcing increased. Due to reduction of tariff especially on imports, it

makes some companies to compete. The effect is reduction of their workforce.
2. Intellectual properties are unlawfully taken. Many of the poor countries do not
have laws that give protection to inventions, patents and even new processes.
Even if they have such laws, these laws are not strictly enforced. So, this gives
idea to foreign or multi-national corporations to steal these intellectual properties.
3. Domestic industries are crowded out. Poor countries rely on their agriculture and
its production. But, the small companies cannot compete with those agri-
businesses that were given subsidy in developed countries. The result, these
agriculturists lose their farms and instead look for a job in the city. Therefore, this
increases crime, poverty and unemployment.
4. Working conditions are very poor. Many multi-national companies outsourced
jobs to the new market countries without sufficient protection to labor. As a
result, children and women are subjected to factory jobs with sub-standard
working conditions.
5. Degradation of natural resources. New market economies normally, do not have
environmental protections. Free trade can lead to depletion of minerals, timber
and other natural resources. Deforestation can also affect our environment.
6. Native cultures can be destroyed. Indigenous or native cultures can be destroyed
when development goes to the isolated places. With pollution, people suffer from
sickness and the worst is death.
7. Tax revenues can be reduced. Poor countries hardly struggle for the replacement
of their lost revenues from their import fees and tariff fees.
Solutions to the Problems
Trade protectionism is a rare answer on whether it is a solution to the free trade issues.
High tariff rates protect local industries. But the global or multi-national corporations wherever
they are located hire the cheapest workers for the purpose of making high profits.
The best solutions would be the passing of government regulations within the agreement
itself for the purpose of protecting its disadvantages. Environmental standards are important to
prevent destructions of our natural resources and cultures. The Labor Laws of the country can
also prevent the poor working conditions. The WTO or the World Trade Organization
implements the regulations on free trade agreements.
Developing countries or the Third world countries can reduce their subsidies in their
agribusiness in order to keep new farmers in the market. In such a way, local farmers are given
the chance to develop best practices so that they can market their products to their valued
consumers.
Countries can also assert that multi-national companies or foreign companies can form
local factories being part and parcel of their agreements. They can even involve these multi-
national companies in the training of their local workers as well as in sharing their technologies.
Trade – Multi-national Corporations and Trans-national Corporations
Trade can be beneficial to countries because it can increase the country’s choice, there is
greater chance for the country’s growing or developing economy, there is an increase in the
international scale of economies, greater opportunities for employment and it can guide in the
massive wealth increases of the countries.
On the other hand, trade can be non-beneficial to the countries because it can result to the
wide gap of the rich countries and the poor countries, rich countries and other countries in the
northern hemisphere can dominate the global trade, poor counties have lesser opportunities to
have access to the markets and workers are being exploited.
It is a fact that MNCs or multi-national corporations and TNCs or trans-national

corporations have their own main business in one country but they operate and do business in
other countries. Examples for these are McDonalds Corporations, Coca Cola Bottling Company,
Unilever, San Miguel Corporation and many more.
These MNCs or TNCs can expand their revenues, lower production cost, source raw
materials control key supplies, control processing and scale of global economies. However, these
MNCs or TNCs can damage the country’s environment, exploit labor, monopolize power,
degrade other country’s economy, can make resources non-renewable and can damage other
country’s culture.
Take note that Shell and Nike’s activities have been criticize in some countries.

2. The Study of Globalization” by Manfred B.Steger, Manfred B. “Ideologies of
3.Studies by Bryan S. Turner (Editor); Robert J. Holton (Editor) ISBN: 9780415458085
4.Globalization by Manfred B. Steger ISBN: 019280359X Publication Date: 2013-06-19
5.The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy by Pietra Rivoli ISBN: 0470287160
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4Sz1NNvepk
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnW9ZQtI1_E
Peer Work (L1)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Can globalization minimize inequality?

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2. Give the reasons in making global warming a world phenomenon.
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3. Cite the reasons on the occurrence of the greenhouse effect.

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Quiz (L1)
TRUE and if the statement is erroneous, explain/justify in not more than two (2) sentences the
1. Corporations only care for their profits.
2. Multi-national corporations have their national headquarters in the host country.
3. In the Philippines, multi-national corporations are taxed in the same manner as domestic
corporations.
4. Multi-national corporations are owned by Filipino investors.
5. According to the utilitarian analysis, income inequality is greater in US than elsewhere

because the overall social utility per person is lower in the US than in other countries of
the world.
6. Free trade helps domestic corporations increase their export business.
7. Globalization can reduce poverty, provide better health care, protect the environment and
protect workers who are laid off by technology.
8. Governments that allow free trade are less prone to bribery and to corruption compared to
those with trade rules and barriers.
9. It is mandatory to pay medical expenses because this will set marginal costs equal to
marginal benefits.
10. Globalized countries have undermined democratic institutions and market forces.
Activity (L1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJAbATJCugs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPJJM_hCFj0
Then in not more than 400 words, write your reaction on these 2 videos.


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an adequate Fails to address the
Complete and complete understanding of the question or
25 points understanding of the question demonstrates an
15 Points
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused, omit
25 points depth of reflection, and significant facts or is
insight 20Points otherwise incomplete
25 Points 15 Points
Accurate, Presents answer Presents information fairly Significant problems
brief and accurately, briefly and accurately and concisely, with concision, and
concise concisely, in an may have minor organization, making
25 points organized manner organization problems the information
25 Points 20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of style Uses acceptable style and May contain enough
Grammar and grammar well grammar (contains one or distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points a few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
20Points make it substantially
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
Write legibly your reflections in the space provided. You can use extra sheet if you wish to write
more.
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2. How will you personally rate yourself in performing the activity (very good, good, needs
improvement)? Why?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Give the benefits of the free trade agreements.

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2. What is the action of the government in addressing non-tariff barriers?

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3. In your opinion, is free trade agreement free to provide terms and conditions on trade?
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Quiz (L2)
TRUE and if the statement is erroneous, explain/justify in not more than two (2) sentences the
reason/s why the statement is FALSE. (10 points each).
1. Trade balances are the value of the country’s importations in relation to its
exportations.
2. Oppositions to free trade believe that it has negative impact.
3. In an economy which has central planning, the government set prices and decide on
production quotas as well as consumption of each product according to its long term
plan.
4. A monopoly is a threshold on the number of products that can be the subject of

importation.
5. Industrial policies require a government actively working with industries in order to

promote its economic growth and plan trade policies to meet its needs.
6. Absolute advantage takes place when countries specialize in the production of best
goods and trading these goods with other countries.
7. State owned industries are present in mixed economies.
8. An autarkic state is one that produces everything it needs.
9. Protectionism is the intervention by the government in free trade in order to restrict

the overall movements of the production.
10. There is comparative advantage when a country’s opportunity cost in production is

lower in the production of one good than another.
Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4Sz1NNvepk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnW9ZQtI1_E


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an adequate Fails to address the
Complete and complete understanding of the question or
25 points understanding of the question demonstrates an
15 Points
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused, omit
25 points depth of reflection, and significant facts or is
insight 20Points otherwise incomplete
25 Points 15 Points
Accurate, Presents answer Presents information fairly Significant problems
brief and accurately, briefly and accurately and concisely, with concision, and
concise concisely, in an may have minor organization, making
25 points organized manner organization problems the information
25 Points 20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Grammar and grammar well grammar (contains one or distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points a few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Written Test
This written test covers the underpinning knowledge, concepts and principles learned from
Lesson 1 to Lesson 2 of this module
Name _____________________________________________ Program and

Year___________________
Date ____________________________ Score ______________________ Remarks
_________________
Write an essay on the topic state below. Make sure that the essay contains a title, an
introduction, a discussion or body and a conclusion. Cite the sources you have used properly
using APA 6th edition. For this written exam, use a separate sheet of bond paper (long substance
20). You may also process your work in using a word processor (Microsoft Word, Google Docs,
WPS etc.) and store the file in your flash drive. Label the paper properly with your name, your
program and year and a “Written Test M1” on the top left corner of the paper. If it is a digital
file, the name the file “Written Test M1.” Be guided by the rubric below.
Essay Topic:
Will globalization affect the economies of the Third World or poor countries? Support
your discussion with at least 3 related literatures. Document your reference properly. Use APA
6th ed. In formatting your essay and writing the reference list.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear and Demonstrates an adequate Fails to address the
Complete complete understanding understanding of the question question or
25 points of the question demonstrates an
25 Points 20 Points inadequate or partial
grasp of the question
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity of Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity, may
Thought thought, depth of knowledge of the issue be confused, omit
25 points reflection, and insight significant facts or is
25 Points 20Points otherwise incomplete
15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information fairly Significant problems with
and concise accurately, briefly and accurately and concisely, concision, and
25 points concisely, in an may have minor organization organization, making the
organized manner problems information presented
25 Points 20 Points difficult to comprehend
15 Points
Grammar and grammar well grammar (contains one or a distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Performance Task
This performance task measures how well you can put together the skills you have learned from
Lessons 1 to 2 of this Module.

Search for one trade policy of the Philippines and analyze the contents.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear and Demonstrates an adequate Fails to address the
Complete complete understanding understanding of the question question or
25 points of the question demonstrates an
25 Points 20 Points inadequate or partial
grasp of the question
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity of Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity, may
Thought thought, depth of knowledge of the issue be confused, omit
15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information fairly Significant problems with
and concise accurately, briefly and accurately and concisely, concision, and
25 points concisely, in an may have minor organization organization, making the
organized manner problems information presented
25 Points 20 Points difficult to comprehend
15 Points
Grammar and grammar well grammar (contains one or a distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Learning Module
in
Module 3 of 4
Course Description:
phenomenon of globalization. Using the various disciplines of the social sciences, it examines
the economic, social, political, technological, and other transformations that have created an
increasing awareness of the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this
end, the course provides an overview of the various debates in global governance, development,
and sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to
Learning Outcomes:
A. Competencies
B. Skills
C. Values

programmed to run for 4 weeks. This module tackles to find the 5 outcomes on competencies of
the course
education and self-paced learning. Success of learning would essentially depend on the
collaboration between the instructor and the learner and the communication of the learner to self-
directed learning.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 10%
2. Activities - 10%
3. Peer Work - 10%
4. Reflection - 10%
5. Written Test/PreFinal Exam - 30%
6. Task Performance - 10%
7. Midterm Grade - 20%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Global Population and Mobility, The Global City, Global Demography, Global
Migration

Instructions
Concept Notes
Lesson 2- Sustainable Development, Sustainable Economic Growth, Growing a Sustainable

Economy

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activity (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work ( L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activity (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
Global Population and Mobility
The Global City
Global Demography
Global Migration
Lesson 1
1. identified the attributes of a global city
2. analyzed how cities serve as engines of globalization
3. explained the theory of demographic transition as it affects global population
4. analyzed the political, economic, cultural, and social factors underlying the global
movements of people
5. displayed first-hand knowledge of the experiences of OFWs

4. Take the quiz
1. What are the causes of the rapid population growth in the developing countries?
2. How can the government minimize if not end population growth?
3. What can the government do to end human trafficking?

IV. Concept Notes
Global Population and Mobility
Global population refers to the complete number of individuals presently living in the
world. As of March 2020, the global population reached 7.8 billion. By 2050, the global
population is projected to 9.9 billion. This projection will have an increase of over 25% from the
present population. This projection is the change of population due to the fertility and mortality
rates because the birth rate is high and the death rate is low which caused the total population to
increase. To consider also is the population considering their ages and their life expectancy. As
of July 1, 2020, China is considered the most populated country with a total of more or less 1.3
billion. The other is the top 10 populated countries are India, United States, Indonesia, Pakistan,
Nigeria, Brazil, Bangladesh, Russia and Mexico.
Mobility refers to the data that estimated the migration of the people from within a
country (internal migration) or from one country to another (international migration).
Global City
A global city is an urban center that has a notable competitive advantage and is the center
within the world’s economic system. Examples of these global cities are the “Big Four” global
cities such as New York City, London, Tokyo and Paris. Manila is also considered a global city.
In 2017, it is the 10th as stated by the World Bank because of its residents travelling and working
all over the globe as doctors, nurses, caregivers, nannies, sailors and construction workers. These
Filipinos give labor empowering the world service economy.
A city is a global city because it has national and international connectivity with a
different international population center, international cuisine, culture, and infrastructure and
business presence. A global city can face environmental threats due to rapid population and
climate change. Other problems and issues faced by a global city are fiscal difficulties, housing,
crowding, pollution, traffic, crime and public education. These problems and issues directly
came from the reality that a great number of individuals live in a small community.
Global Demography
By demography, it means the study of the attributes of the population and its changes
overtime which can be identified as birth, death, migration and the change of status of its
population. These changes would refer to the spread of population in the different levels be it
local, national or global and within the varying types of economic, political and geographic
boundaries.
Demography has a positive and strong effect on the country’s economic growth where
the working age of the population is growing faster compare to those who are still dependent. It
is also essential in determining the public health as well as the health care requirements of the
people by having knowledge characteristics and the size of the populace.
The demographic process would involve the understanding of the dynamics of the
population through investigation of the aging (both the birth and the death) and the migration of
the people. This has contributed a lot to population changes as well as how the people live in a
community to a state and then to a developed culture.
Global Migration
Global migration refers to a circumstance on how people go, work and live in a foreign
country. This is true to people of the developing and underdeveloped because of lack of job
opportunities or these individuals are seeking greener pasture in a foreign land. People’s
migration to a foreign land is good for the country’s economic development.
Migration can boost the working age populace; thus, contributing to the development of
human capital in the receiving states. These migrants can also provide technological progress in
the receiving countries. To resolve the problems on global migration, international coordination
or agreement between the sending and the receiving countries is needed in order that it could
bring positive impact to both countries.
Through migration, the quality of life of the people can be improved. Their social life can
also b improved because they can learn new customs, culture and language of a foreign land and
this can help improve the fellowship among the people. Skilled workers’ migration can also
bring economic growth not only in the receiving country but to the sending country. The sending
country can gain from this scenario because if there are lots of overseas workers the sending state
can be benefited through its remittances to their families. The receiving country can address to
the skill shortage.
The reasons why people migrate can be due to economic, socio-political and ecological
factors. The increase of communal violence due to religious or ethnic intolerance can increase
the level of migration.
People do migrate from their country of origin to other countries because of higher
employment, better services, and more wealth, inadequate economic and human development,
safer with less crimes, urbanization and demographic increase, political stability, dictatorships
and wars, environmental changes and low risks from natural dangers.
People’s journey to a foreign country especially to unfamiliar ones can expose them to
dangers such as sexual or physical violence, abduction, exploitation, and even extortion.
1. Chapter 26 of textbook: “Mobility, Diversity and Community in the Global City” by Val
Colic-Peisker
2. Sassen, Saskia. 2005. “The Global City: Introducing a Concept.” Brown Journal of World
Affairs XI(2): 27-43.
3. Lee, Ronald. 2003. “The Demographic Transition: Three Centuries of Fundamental
Change.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 17(4): 167–190.
4. Lesthaeghe, Ron. 2010. “The Unfolding Story of the Second Demographic Transition.”
Population and Development Review 36(2): 211–251.
5. Castles, Stephen. 2000. “International Migration at the Beginning of the TwentyFirst
Century: Global Trends and Issues.” International Social Science Journal 52 (165): 269–
281.
6. Aguilar, Filomeno V. 2012. “Differentiating Sedimented from Modular
Transnationalism: The View from East Asia.” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 21(2):
149–171.
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A6XgfLCyss
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kkh5hGTJsaQ
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Economic Growth
Growing a Sustainable Economy
Lesson 2
1. differentiated stability from sustainability
2. articulated models of global sustainable development

4. Take the quiz
1. Which is a strong sustainability- environment protection or environment

preservation?
2. Discuss the challenges t achieve sustainable development.
3. Discuss the possible trade offs in the adoption of sustainable development strategies
in the developing countries.
IV. Concept Notes
Sustainable Development
Sustainable development means the organization of principles for the purpose of meeting
the goals for human development in order to sustain the natural system’s ability of providing
good ecosystem services and natural resources upon which the country, its economy and its
people depend. Sustainable development has the following goals: no hunger, no poverty, good
health for the people, gender equality, quality education, clean water, sanitation, renewable
energy, economic growth, good jobs for the people, innovation, industry and infrastructures,
sustainable local government units, reduced inequalities, responsible consumption, life below
water, climate action, life on land, partnerships with entities with goals for sustainable
development and peace and justice.
Sustainable Economic Growth
Sustainable economic growth means economic development of the country which

satisfies the needs of the individuals as well as sustains the environment and the natural
resources of the country for the future generations. The country’s economy can function in the
country’s ecosystem.
A country with a sustainable growth in its economy can indefinitely survive. The level of
its consumption is reflective on the balances of its natural resources and its environment. There is
an assurance to its citizens’ freedom, equality and a healthy and better standard of living. The
government should develop standards for measuring the social, personal and environment health.
Growing a Sustainable Economy
The primary goal of the country’s sustainability is to make the country’s economy viable,
socially responsible and environmentally sound. To this end, there is a need of participation from
the different sectors of the country in order to identify and determine the needs of the country
and its people and to implement appropriate and innovative solutions. These are the various
techniques and approaches that can be used in order to develop the main and primary aspects of
the local economies on whether it is on a sustainable stage or not. The country should consider
its agriculture, fisheries and the food systems, forestry and its wood products, manufacturing
industries, small business, technology, finance and economics and urban and rural economic ties.
Through the efforts of the community, there is great possibility for preserving agricultural
lands, encouraging sustainable practices when it comes to agriculture, supporting producers of
local food products, facilitating production as well as distribution of these locally food products
either through the markets directly from the farmers or through existing cooperatives.
Fisheries are important in sustaining freshwater and healthy marine ecosystems.

Community participation is also required in order to support a sound management practice and
other remedial programs and also for industries and individuals which are engaged in either
recreational or commercial fishing.
 Trees are very vital not only in the rural ecosystem but also in the urban ecosystem. Matured
trees are needed to maintain shelter wildlife and desirable microclimates. Trees are valuable because
they are raw materials needed in the production of paper products, furniture, buildings and similar
wood products.

Manufacturing industries which are considered as economically healthy industries should be
encouraged. The community should work hard to support such businesses and to eliminate or reduce
negative impacts brought about by existing industries.
The existence of small businesses is very important since they are the ones which could
provide employment to the people and at the same provide goods and services which are necessary
to sustain the people in the community. Their existence can give support to the local ecology;
minimize waste and energy use and utilized materials and products which are recycled.
Advances in technology preferably in education, health, business and environment can give
more opportunities to the community. Information about the products/services is made available and
some of them have implications on our environment. In this way, country’s economy can be guided
accordingly.
People and entities from the different sectors of the economy play an important role in the
growth of the country’s economy. They can work together with the government and business leaders
and even with citizen’s groups and non-profit organizations in analyzing the resources and the needs
of the country. Local finance companies can make necessary investments in order to sustain
initiatives for a sustainable economy.
The rural and the urban sectors must work together to support each other preferably by
entering into economic agreements between them. They must cooperate in the preservation of lands,
making agriculture sustainable, managing a sustainable economy, developing rural resources,
improving tourism and trade and developing transportation systems.
1. Chapter 48 of textbook: “Sustainable Economic Systems” by Sebastian Plóciennik
2. E Miller, K Van Megen, L. Buys - Rural Society, 2012 - Taylor & Francis.
Diversification for sustainable development in rural and regional Australia: How local
community leaders conceptualize the impacts and opportunities from agriculture.
3. F Aref, SS Gill, A Aref - Journal of Sustainable Development, 2010. Assessing the level of
community capacity building in tourism development in local communities.
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkwGqHfVb_c
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgNLonYOc9s
Peer Work (L1)
For this section, you have to communicate with your assigned peer through a text message, a
call or using other platforms of communication. You are given guide questions to keep in mind
while you read. With these questions, discuss with your peers your responses. When done, fill the
file below with the responses of your peer.
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. What are the causes of the rapid population growth in the developing countries?
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2. How can the government minimize if not end population growth?
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3. What can the government do to end human trafficking?
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Quiz (L1)
Direction: Understand the statement in each number. If the statement is correct, write TRUE
and if the statement is erroneous, explain/justify in not more than two (2) sentences the reason/s why
the statement is FALSE. (10 points each)
1. Africa is the developing region in the world with the highest percentage of the elderly.
2. Germany has the largest population in the world.
3. The number of the oldest people in the world (aged 80 and over) is growing more quickly
than the older population (65 and over) as a whole.
4. Japan has the highest life expectancy in the world.
5. In developed countries, the recent increases in the rate of participation of the labor force of
older workers are primarily due to the changing patterns of work of men.
6. Global migration has no effect on the overall age structure of the population.
7. In every country, it is impossible to have an ageing population and a decrease in the total size
of the population at the same time.
8. Higher wage is the primary reason for people migrating from one country to another.
9. More common is the migration between developed countries.
10. Less common is the migration from developing countries to developed countries.
Activity (L1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A6XgfLCyss
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kkh5hGTJsaQ


100 Total
Complete and complete adequate question or
25 points understanding of the understanding of the demonstrates an
question question inadequate or partial
25 Points grasp of the question
20 Points 15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity,
Thought of thought, depth of knowledge of the issue may be confused, omit
15 Points
brief and accurately, briefly and fairly accurately and with concision, and
concise concisely, in an concisely, may have organization, making
25 points organized manner minor organization the information
25 Points problems presented difficult to
20 Points comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of style Uses acceptable style May contain enough
Grammar and grammar well and grammar (contains distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points one or a few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Which is a strong sustainability- environment protection or environment preservation?

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2. Discuss the challenges t achieve sustainable development.

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3. Discuss the possible trade offs in the adoption of sustainable development strategies in
the developing countries.
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Quiz (L2)
the statement is FALSE. (10 points each).
1. If the government follows a 'weak sustainability' condition, it gives the governments less
scope to follow the growth oriented policies which can damage the environment.
2. The World Trade Organization (WTO) seeks to pursue in the reduction of barriers to the
development of world trade.
3. Globalization is an integrated system of finance, production, management and marketing of

goods.
4. Sustainable development refers to the economic development that adjoins the present needs
without jeopardizing the external environment of the future generations.
5. Micro or small businesses have little impact on our economy.
6. Companies should not be primarily concerned with the environment considering that their
objectives are to earn profits.
7. In a changing economy, it requires advance education for the managers and the employees.
8. In business planning and its activities, demography is the most significant factor.
9. Global warming is one of the issues on sustainability.
10. For the sustainability of small businesses in the rural areas, the part of businessmen is
determined by their capacities and knowledge in terms of supply, the cost of products as well
as services, and the mobilization of their financial resources especially in the expansion of
the existing businesses and the innovation and development of new businesses.
Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkwGqHfVb_c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgNLonYOc9s


100 Total
20 Points 15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Written Test
This written test covers the underpinning knowledge, concepts and principles learned from Lesson 1
to Lesson 2 of this module
Name _____________________________________________ Program and

Year___________________
_________________
introduction, a discussion or body and a conclusion. Cite the sources you have used properly using
APA 6th edition. For this written exam, use a separate sheet of bond paper (long substance 20). You
may also process your work in using a word processor (Microsoft Word, Google Docs, WPS etc.)
and store the file in your flash drive. Label the paper properly with your name, your program and
year and a “Written Test M1” on the top left corner of the paper. If it is a digital file, the name the
file “Written Test M1.” Be guided by the rubric below.
Essay Topic:
Economic development/growth is resulting in rapid urbanization. What are the top three
issues facing the Philippines today? Given the many challenges and impact of globalization, how can
this growth be sustained? How can sustainable development be addressed in terms of globalization?
Support your discussion with at least 3 related literatures. Document your reference properly. Use
APA 6th ed. In formatting your essay and writing the reference list.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear and Demonstrates an Fails to address the
Complete complete understanding adequate understanding question or
25 points of the question of the question demonstrates an
25 Points inadequate or partial
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity of Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity,
Thought thought, depth of knowledge of the issue may be confused, omit
15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information Significant problems
and concise accurately, briefly and fairly accurately and with concision, and
25 points concisely, in an concisely, may have organization, making
organized manner minor organization the information
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Performance Task

Search one of the sustainable development strategies of the Philippines on ecosystem and analyze
the contents.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an Fails to address the question or
Complete and complete adequate demonstrates an inadequate or
25 points understanding of the understanding of the partial grasp of the question
question question 15 Points
25 Points
20 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity, may be
Thought of thought, depth of knowledge of the issue confused, omit significant facts
25 points reflection, and insight or is otherwise incomplete
25 Points 20Points 15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information Significant problems with
and concise accurately, briefly and fairly accurately and concision, and organization,
25 points concisely, in an concisely, may have making the information
organized manner minor organization presented difficult to
25 Points problems comprehend
20 Points 15 Points
Style and Uses elements of style Uses acceptable style May contain enough distracting
Grammar and grammar well and grammar (contains grammar, spelling, etc. errors to
25 points 25 Points one or a few errors) make it substantially
20Points incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Learning Module
in
Module 4 of 4
Course Description:
phenomenon of globalization. Using the various disciplines of the social sciences, it examines the
economic, social, political, technological, and other transformations that have created an increasing
awareness of the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this end, the course
provides an overview of the various debates in global governance, development, and sustainability.
Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to inculcate a sense of
global citizenship and global ethical responsibility.
Learning Outcomes:
A. Competencies
B. Skills
C. Values
This is Module 4 of 4 of the course- CW 1 (The Cotemporary World). This learning module
is developed for the flexible learning program of Garcia College of Technology and programmed to
run for 4 weeks. This module tackles to find the 2 outcomes on values of the course.
1.Articulate personal positions on various global issues
education and self-paced learning. Success of learning would essentially depend on the collaboration
between the instructor and the learner and the communication of the learner to self-directed learning.
It contains the (a) essential notes, (b) suggestions and links to further readings and media, (c)
quizzes, (d) activities, (e) reflection pages, (f) written test and (g) task.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 10%
2. Activities - 10%
3. Peer Work - 5%
4. Reflection - 5%
5. Written Test/ FinalExam - 20%
6. Task Performance - 10%
7. Pre-Final Grade - 10%
7. Recitation - 10%
8. Pre-Final Grade - 20%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Global Food Security, Drought and the intense weather events/ Climate change, Livestock
diseases, pests and agricultural problems, Military conflicts, Absence of emergency plans, Political
and government instability, Dependence of Marketable Crops and HIV/AIDS

Instructions
Concept Notes
Lesson 2- Social Impact of Food Security, Malnutrition in India, Famine in South Sudan and
Somalia, Drought in Guatemala, Climate Change and its Impact on Food Supply in Bangladesh,
Global citizenship

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activity (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work ( L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activity (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
Global Food Security
Drought and the intense weather events/ Climate change
Livestock diseases, pests and agricultural problems
Military conflicts
Absence of emergency plans
Political and government instability
Dependence of Marketable Crops
HIV/AIDS
Lesson 1
3. defined global food security
4. critiqued existing models of global food security

4. Take the quiz
1. Is climate change one of the causes in the food security crisis today?
2. Is food price increase connected with the rise of poverty? Explain.
3. Explain the impact of the food price increases on the producers, fishermen and farmers.
IV. Concept Notes
Global Food Security
Global food security means that food is available and every individual in the world has easy
access safe, sufficient and nutritious foods in order to maintain an active and healthy life on earth.
This means that when food is not accessible to everybody, then there is food insecurity such as the
places where there is high poverty rate and the country or countries have no or there is little ability to
develop their economies or agricultural and horticultural markets.
There are several causes of food insecurity particularly in the underdeveloped and developing
countries in the world. These are:
1. Drought and the intense weather events / Climate change

2. Livestock diseases, pests and agricultural problems
3. Military conflicts
4. Absence of emergency plans
5. Political and government instability
6.Dependence on marketable crops
7. HIV/AIDS
There are ways on how enhance global food security. These are conversion of lands to
farming especially in developing and underdeveloped countries, using fertilizers efficiently, raising
the productivity of low water, targeting the right food for local consumption and reducing food
waste.
Drought and the intense weather events/ Climate Change
Climate change worsens hunger and malnutrition in the country. Due to intense weather
events, there is a possibility of natural disasters such as storms, floods and droughts to the effect that
it has great impact on the food security and the livelihood of the individuals. These natural disasters
can destroy crops, communal assets and critical infrastructure in the country.
There is a possibility of rising sea level whenever there is climate change; thus, affecting the
people’s lives especially those living in the coastal areas and near the rivers. It can even affect the
availability of water and changes in the course of the river beds due to drought and flooding.
Livestock diseases, pests and agricultural problems
Plant pests can greatly affect the food production. In the end, there can be a remarkable loss
to the farmers and this can result to food insecurity. Among the destructive plant pests are locusts,
fruit flies, armyworm, cassava disease, banana disease and wheat rust.
Insects can also directly injure the plants and crops. This is the reason why farmers apply
pesticides or insecticides in their farm production so as not to damage the crops.
Military conflicts
Military conflicts can affect the residents in the sense that the communities can be in despair
due to deaths, lost of livelihood, lost of livestock, use of land mines, deforestation, and even
destruction of the infrastructures in the affected places. Rehabilitating these communities can be
costly to the government more especially to the local government units of the affected places.
Military conflicts can trigger the movement of great number of people to another peaceful
place; thus, cutting their livelihoods and food supply.
Food can be a weapon of the military conflict. The government must adopt survival strategies
for this like producing variety of crops, subsistence farming and divestment strategy in order to
satisfy social, political and financial goals. The recovery in the agricultural sector would depend on
the soldiers’ demobilization, de –mining of lands and reconstruction of the infrastructures in the
affected places.
Absence of emergency plans
There is food insecurity when the government has no emergency plans in order to 1.)
eliminate food hunger, malnutrition and food security 2.) prepare agriculture, fisheries and forestry
to be more sustainable and productive 3.) reduce poverty in the rural areas 4.) make efficient food
systems and agriculture and increase the flexibility of livelihood in order to be free from crisis and
threats.
Take the case of the present situation that there is the COVID 19 pandemic, proper measures
should be taken by the government. Pandemics had negative impact on nutrition and food security
especially to those vulnerable individuals such as the children, the elderly, the pregnant women and
the poor people in the country.
We cannot specifically conclude that the COVID 19 pandemic can be contained in the
earliest possible time. Hence, urgent measures should be taken not only in the country level but also
in the global level.
The government will have to monitor the prices of foods in the market. Proper
dissemination of the correct information prevents the people from getting panic and can also guide
the farmers in making rational decisions on their production. The government must also regulate the
prices of the needs of the individuals such as food and the like.
Delivery companies and e-commerce play a significant role especially on a lockdown

situation. There must be home deliveries of foodstuff which allows customers for easy pick up and
thus rules out interaction of people.
Political and Government Instability
There is political and government instability when the change in the leadership, condition
and policies of a country is notable and sudden. This may guide to continuing change in the policies
which could affect macroeconomic performance.
Effective and stable agricultural systems with food security support the goals of governance
with the people’s participation and effectual rule of law. In business, this would include laws and
decisions that the government makes such as imposing lower or higher taxes on corporations or
higher value added tax on goods or services.
Political and government instability can even affect marketing of goods especially imported
goods because this can be subject restrictions, expropriations and control of the new government.
This can lead the way to lower level of economic growth of the country. This kind of instability can
raise risks, undetermined political- economic environment and can reduce investments of both local
and foreign businessmen.
The government has important role on food security since it is the one in charge of the
management of the economy of the country. As such, the government can take different activities
such as storage and delivery of food products. With the programs and policies of the government,
supplies and prices of products can be properly determined.
Dependence of Marketable Crops
Marketable crops are rice, corn, cocoa, coffee, sugarcane, tea, spices and similar products.
These are produced for sale in order to gain profits. These are products normally purchased by
consumers. Farmers who produced these marketable crops create capital for innovation and
improvement.
These marketable crops are exported for profits rather than for consumption. It increases the
worldwide interdependence since lands are used for the production of these marketable crops and
countries can end as self sufficient countries especially if there is the presence of vital industries.
Dependence on these marketable crops can make households helpless especially in the drop
of its prices. Selling these marketable crops can give agricultural households profits and can improve
their access to foods. Through selling, strategies can be adopted in order to improve their access to
these foods.
The cropping in one country can be different from the other country considering the needs
of the farmers, the climate and the international demands. Most of the farmers apply mono cropping
which is the production of only one crop in a certain piece of land. The primary goal is monetary
unlike in subsistence farming where the goal is supporting the farmers and their families.
The focus of this mono cropping has negative effect on the farmer’s family. If there is an
isolated weather condition and these crops are damaged, then the livelihood of the farmers can be
affected.
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS strikes the family’s most active members. So, when these individuals are ill,
there is a pressure on the ability of the family member to work, provide care and feed their families.
So, if the disease progressed, the family has difficulty in coping their family’s needs. To the end, the
poverty problem in the country increases.
Searching for work in another foreign country can increase the chance for an individual to
be contracted with HIV/AIDS. But for others, engaging in prostitution can be their option to support
and feed their families.
This food insecurity can also result to malnutrition which can result to the development or
acceleration of AIDS. With malnutrition, the affected persons can have loss of appetite and their
body needs more nutrition.
1. Chapter 50 of textbook: “Global Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding the World” by
Monika Barthwal-Datta
2. McMichael, Philip. 2009. “A Food Regime Analysis of the „World Food Crisis. Agriculture
and Human Values 26(4): 281-95.
3. Film: “The Price of Sugar” directed by Bill Haney
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bye-XjYGOzM
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9aNI5ZCbhk
Social Impact of Food Security
Malnutrition in India
Famine in South Sudan and Somalia
Drought in Guatemala
Climate Change and its Impact on Food Supply in Bangladesh
Global citizenship
Lesson 2
1. articulated a personal definition of global citizenship
2. appreciated the ethical obligations of global citizenship

4. Take the quiz
1. Discuss the effects of the COVID 19 pandemic on agriculture and the farmers’ income.
2. Discuss the importance of future food security.
3. How can you demonstrate that you are a global citizen?
IV. Concept Notes
Social Impact of Food Security
Food security has great effect on the mental, physical and social/emotional development of a
person. So, if there is food insecurity it can pose a great risk for unhealthy condition of a person,
maternal depression, birth weight is low, anxiety, depression and misconduct. The government and
the international community must give priority on how to reduce food insecurity in order to lessen
the poverty level in the country.
Malnutrition and food insecurity must be attended to by the government. The ones greatly
affected by these are the women and the children. The government must prioritize this problem since
it has great impact to the human lives. The government must coordinate and cooperate with the civil
society, the private sectors and the farmers/ fisher folks to give solutions to this food insecurity. By
solving this problem on food insecurity, the individuals in the state can have free from food scarcity
and chronic deprivation.
Malnutrition in India
Malnutrition is a problem in India. Many children died due to lack of food, vitamins,
nutrients and minerals. Children starve, they got sick and the worst is they die. Most likely, poor
families are the ones that suffer because they cannot afford to by nutritious foods. If there is
malnutrition, the development especially of the children can affect their physical and cognitive
capabilities due to health issues. In addition, whenever there is malnutrition children’s growth can
be affected and other sickness may occur such as diabetes, eye problems and even heart diseases.
Like children, mothers also suffer; thus, increasing the risk for their babies.
Famine in South Sudan and Somalia
In South Sudan and Somalia, the causes of famine are due to drought, war and displacement.
To help these countries, UNICEF established nutrition centers especially in the displacement camps.
The local governments have coordinated efforts with other organizations for the delivery of
malnutrition services.
In December 2013 in South Sudan, due to conflict famine results to the effect that there is
scarcity of agricultural products as well as continuous displacement of the people. As a result, The
WFP or the World Food Program delivered supplies of food to help this crisis. The government of
South Sudan passed resolutions to the conflict that there is shortage food and so this problem must
be dealt with accordingly. There is failure to stabilize the situation even if ceasefire had been signed
because violence still continues in the country. There is a need to have a peace agreement so that the
entire population in South Sudan would not be affected.
In addition, the continuous increase of violence and armed conflict caused the people starve,
get sick and die of hunger. A firm political effort is necessary in order to establish security, peace
and the rule of law in order to allow the displaced individuals to return to the country and restart a
living.
Drought in Guatemala
The country of Guatemala is under the state of emergency due to drought caused by heat
waves after the El Nino in the country. In the rural areas, there was food shortage since cattle
perished and the farm production had dried up; thus, giving problems to many families. Because of
this problem, the government of Guatemala struggled to contain this problem despite of huge budget
deficits, unemployment and prices of food in the market.
This crisis brought problems to many families because of their inability to feed their
families. Children and the indigenous women are most vulnerable to malnutrition. This situation had
the effect of increasing the poverty problem in the country.
Concerns for survival are increasing because not all had been given by the government any
social protection for them to survive. The so-called humanitarian emergencies require a quick
response in order to make certain that the people have access to food so that they can treat the
malnourished children. Financial assistance is also necessary in order to back up agricultural crops
destroyed by this calamity and also to help families recover their livelihood
Climate Change and its Impact on Food Supply in Bangladesh
Nearly two decades, Bangladesh suffered from severe drought, flooding and cyclones; thus,
causing substantial economic damage and reducing livelihood of the people. Climate change had
destroyed crops and the ability of the residents to produce it had been affected.
With the climate change, agricultural industries are affected particularly decrease in rice
production. It is necessary that investments should be focused on farm production but consider also
the protective infrastructure to be developed and climate risk must be properly managed. The
government must take an urgent action to deal with the results of this climate change.
Poor countries in the world experienced a limited action to solve hunger in particular and
poverty in general. The government with the help of the international community must prioritize the
reduction of food insecurity. The World Food Day is very important since it is one of the
approaches on how to deal with malnutrition, food insecurity and establishing great resilience for
those vulnerable communities in the world.
Global citizenship
Global citizenship means that people have responsibilities and rights as an individual who is
part of the world with the world sensibilities and philosophy rather than being citizen of the country.
Every individual is considered as a global citizen sharing the goals of equality, liberty and
happiness. He is part of the world community and his actions can be major contributions to build the
practices and values of the community.
A global citizen has his own role to play in the world. He is the person who values and
respects diversity. He has the understanding on how the earth works. He has a great participation in
the community both locally and globally by making the community a sustainable and equitable place
where there is the presence of social justice. A global citizen must also be responsible for his actions.
An effective global citizen must be flexible, proactive and creative. He must a person
who can think critically, solve problems and make correct decisions. He must be able to
communicate his ideas to others effectively and work with a group or a team. He must possess
skills which he can use in the future in his workplace.
The world offers lots of opportunities and challenges for every individual. He is
offered education to provide him or her with knowledge, values and skills for him or her to be
ready with the different challenges encountered and also to build the kind of the community he
wants to live in.
The participatory and active method of education for a global citizen helps him or her
to learn and understand the decisions made by people in other parts of the globe and how it
affects their lives. A better global citizen must know the things he/she buys, volunteer locally,
travel sustainably, donate smart, aware of what is happening in his/her locality, in his country
and that in the world and he must be politically involved.
1. Elia M, editor. Guidelines for detection and management of malnutrition. Malnutrition

Advisory Group, Standing Committee of BAPEN. Maidenhead: BAPEN, 2000.
2. Stratton R, Green CJ, Elia M. Disease-related malnutrition: an evidence-based approach to

treatment. Oxon: Cabi Publishing, 2003.
3. Elia M, Stratton RJ. How much under nutrition is there in hospitals? Br J

Nutr 2000;84:257–9.10.1017/S0007114500001525
4. Jackson AA. Severe malnutrition. In: Warrell DA, Cox TM, Firth JD, Benz EJ, Oxford
textbook of medicine 2003. 4th ed vol 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1054–
61.10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.1103
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sgae8SA-rcI
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVSgbU6WVSk
Peer Work (L1)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Is climate change one of the causes in the food security crisis today?
_________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Is food price increase connected with the rise of poverty? Explain.
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3. Explain the impact of the food price increases on the producers, fishermen and farmers.
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Quiz (L1)
the statement is FALSE. (10 points each)
1. Climate change usually from the increased levels of greenhouse gases chiefly oxygen
produced by burning of fossil fuels for industry, electricity and transportation.
2. The climate crisis refers to extreme weather condition such as floods, hurricanes and
wildfires where there are damaged infrastructure and more livelihoods and lives were lost.
3. Greenhouse gases contribute to higher levels of ozone which caused long-term and acute
respiratory problems.
4. Only jobless and homeless people need emergency food.
5. Hunger subsists when food is available in markets and shops.
6. Only natural disasters such as droughts are to be blamed for hunger.
7. Hunger is a problem particularly for the senior citizens.
8. Resolving hunger is a way of assurance that people have enough food to eat.
9. The COVID-19 crisis has already left too many children hungry.
10. Policymakers must act for the protection of the well being and health of the people,
particularly the children.
Activity (L1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bye-XjYGOzM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9aNI5ZCbhk


100 Total
20 Points 15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Discuss the effects of the COVID 19 pandemic on agriculture and the farmers’ income.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Discuss the importance of future food security.

_________________________________________________________________________________
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3. How can you demonstrate that you are a global citizen?

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Quiz (L2)
the statement is FALSE. (10 points each).
1. A good citizen of the world has the ability of critical thinking about his or her traditions.
2. Global citizenship is a concept that everyone is part of a worldwide community.
3. Global citizenship is something that a person earns by taking a test.
4. Global citizenship is the concept that every country exists by itself and does not have
anything to do with other countries.
5. Global citizenship is only available to people who has the capacity to speak different
languages.
6. Refusing to run for an elected position in the government is a civic responsibility.
7. Food security meets the cultural preferences of food secured persons.
8. Poverty is the only cause of food insecurity.
9. Poor health is both the cause and effect of food insecurity.
10. Child survival rates in developing economies increase if the mother controlled the
budget of the household.
Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sgae8SA-rcI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVSgbU6WVSk


100 Total
20 Points 15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Written Test
This written test covers the underpinning knowledge, concepts and principles learned from Lesson 1
to Lesson 2 of this module
Name _____________________________________________ Program and

Year___________________
_________________
introduction, a discussion or body and a conclusion. Cite the sources you have used properly using
APA 6th edition. For this written exam, use a separate sheet of bond paper (long substance 20). You
may also process your work in using a word processor (Microsoft Word, Google Docs, WPS etc.)
and store the file in your flash drive. Label the paper properly with your name, your program and
year and a “Written Test M1” on the top left corner of the paper. If it is a digital file, the name the
file “Written Test M1.” Be guided by the rubric below.
Essay Topic:
Our contemporary world with the presence of the COVID 19 pandemic is moving towards an
uncertain food insecure period and an invisible famine is approaching to grasp our lives. So, how can
this problem of food insecurity be solved? Is organic farming the only solution? Support your
discussion with at least 3 related literatures. Document your reference properly. Use APA 6 th ed. In
formatting your essay and writing the reference list.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear and Demonstrates an Fails to address the
Complete complete understanding adequate understanding question or
25 points of the question of the question demonstrates an
25 Points inadequate or partial
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity of Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity,
Thought thought, depth of knowledge of the issue may be confused, omit
15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information Significant problems
and concise accurately, briefly and fairly accurately and with concision, and
25 points concisely, in an concisely, may have organization, making
organized manner minor organization the information
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Performance Task

What is your analysis on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on food security, hunger in the country
and agricultural value chain?
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an Fails to address the question or
Complete and complete adequate demonstrates an inadequate or
25 points understanding of the understanding of the partial grasp of the question
question question 15 Points
25 Points
20 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity, may be
Thought of thought, depth of knowledge of the issue confused, omit significant facts
25 points reflection, and insight or is otherwise incomplete
25 Points 20Points 15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information Significant problems with
and concise accurately, briefly and fairly accurately and concision, and organization,
25 points concisely, in an concisely, may have making the information
organized manner minor organization presented difficult to
25 Points problems comprehend
20 Points 15 Points
Style and Uses elements of style Uses acceptable style May contain enough distracting
Grammar and grammar well and grammar (contains grammar, spelling, etc. errors to
25 points 25 Points one or a few errors) make it substantially
20Points incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL

Module CW 1 (Contemporary World)

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Module CW 1 (Contemporary World)

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Learning Module for Flexible Learning System

MALYN I. VILLANUEVA, Ph. D, MPA, Ll. M, Ll. B,

Course Title: CW 1 (The Contemporary World)

No. of Units: 3 units

At the end of the course the students should be able to:

Introduction to the Module

This is Module 1 of 4 of the course- CW 1 (The Cotemporary World). This learning

1. Distinguish different interpretations of and approaches to globalization

3. Analyze the various contemporary drivers of globalization

4. Understand the issues confronting the nation-state

How to use this module

Friday Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Friday

Intended Learning Outcomes

Intended Learning Outcomes

Peer Work (L1)

Peer Work (L2)

1. Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, the students should have:

1. written a personal definition of globalization based on a concept map

2. differentiated the competing conceptions of globalization

3. identified the underlying philosophies of the varying definitions of globalization

4. agreed on a working definition of globalization for the course

II. General Instructions

1. Read the guide questions

III. Guide Questions

1. Explain the major impact of globalization to the economy of the country.

To have comparative advantage, countries good in producing goods or services must

Global economic crisis

Causes of Global Economic Crisis

3. Trade competition can lower prices of goods.

5. In globalization, there is colonialism but instead pure business.

8. More flow of information among the countries in the world.

9. Countries are learning more on the culture of other countries.

For those who disagree on globalization, following are their contentions:

6. There are many accusations on multinational corporations such as social injustice,

7. Multinational corporations are influencing government’s decision. Globalization is a

8. There is a possibility of copying and stealing our technologies especially if products

10. Through globalization, there is a possibility of spreading communicable and deadly

For further readings, see the following references/links:

1. Introduce textbook: Manfred Stegger, PaulBattersby, and Joseph M. Siracusa,

I. Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, the students should have:

1. identified the different global economic problems

3. identified the factors that facilitate economic globalization

II. General Instructions

1. Read the guide questions

III. Guide Questions

1. How dangerous is COVID 19?

2. Are multinational corporations powerful? Explain.

3. How does globalization contribute to inequality and poverty?

Top Globalization Issues

Global Health Crises

COVID 19 in the Philippines

Energy and Environmental Security

Conflict and Poverty

Economic Exclusion in the Middle East

Global Corporations, Global Impact

Global Governance Stalemate

For further readings, see the following references/links:

1. Introduce textbook: Manfred Stegger, PaulBattersby, and Joseph M. Siracusa,

Name of peer ________________________________________________________________

1. Explain the major impact of globalization to the economy of the country.

2. It is possible to produce a logical argument against globalization that is within the

9. Whenever there is recession, unemployment increases moderating wage increases.

Name ___________________________ Course and Year _