Module STS 1 (Science Technology and Society)

Learning Module for Flexible Learning System
Module 1 to 4
STS 1 (Science, Technology and Society)
Prepared by:
MALYN I. VILLANUEVA, Ph. D, MPA, Ll. M, Ll. B,

AB Political Science
Flexible Learning System
Learning Module
in
Module 1 of 4
Course Title: Science, Technology, and Society
No. of Units: 3 units
Course Description:
The course deals with interactions between science and technology and social, cultural,
political, and economic contexts that shape and are shaped by them. (CMO No. 20, series of
2013)
This interdisciplinary course engages students to confront the realities brought about by
science and technology in society. Such realities pervade the personal, the public, and the global
aspects of our living and are integral to human development. Scientific knowledge and
technological development happen in the context of society with all its socio-political, cultural,
economic, and philosophical underpinnings at play. This course seeks to instill reflective
knowledge in the students that they are able to live the good life and display ethical decision
making in the face of scientific and technological advancement.
This course includes mandatory topics on climate change and environmental awareness.
Outcomes
At the end of the course, the learners should be able to:
Knowledge
1. Articulate the impacts of science and technology on society, specifically Philippine society
2. Explain how science and technology affect society and the environment and its role in nation-
building
3. Analyze the human condition in order to deeply reflect and express philosophical
ramifications that are meaningful to the student as a part of society
4. Define and demonstrate the impact of social media on the students’ life and Philippine society
in general
Values
1. Imbibe the importance of science and technology in the preservation of the environment and
the development of the Filipino nation
2. Critique human flourishing vis-à-vis the progress of science and technology such that the
student may be able to define for himself/herself the meaning of the good life
3. Foster the value of a healthy lifestyle toward the holistic and sustainable development of
society and the environment
Skills
1. Creatively present the importance and contributions of science and technology to society
2. Examine shared concerns that make up the good life in order to come up with innovative and
creative solutions to contemporary issues guided by ethical standards
3. Illustrate how the social media and information age impact their lives and their understanding
of climate change
Introduction to the Module
This is Module 1 of 4 of the course- Science, Technology and Society. This learning
module is developed for the flexible learning program of Garcia College of Technology and
programmed to run for 4 weeks. This module tackles to find the 4 outcomes on knowledge of the
course
1. Articulate the impacts of science and technology on society, specifically Philippine
society
2. Explain how science and technology affect society and the environment and its role in
nation-building
4. Define and demonstrate the impact of social media on the students’ life and Philippine
society in general
This module is primarily used at home and it takes advantaged of task-based approach to
education and self-paced learning. Success of learning would essentially depend on the
collaboration between the instructor and the learner and the communication of the learner to self-
directed learning.
It contains the (a) essential notes, (b) suggestions and links to further readings and media,
(c) quizzes, (d) activities, (e) reflection pages, (f) written test and (g) task.
How to use this module
Below is a program or sample learning cycle created by the module developer in using
this module. You are highly encouraged to follow the program to increase the success rate in
using the module. As this module comes with reading materials and dual flash drive containing
learning media, you should study all the required readings and other media cited in the essential
notes. You are also encouraged to study supplementary materials provided in the dual flash drive
or provided for in the links. It is wise that you review first the outline of the module and the
guide questions in each lesson to get an overview of the module. Study thoroughly all relevant
readings and media. This will help you create a focus to facilitate answering the quizzes and
written test and performing the activities and the task.
It is recommended that you complete the lessons so that you can have ample time to
prepare for the written test and task performance.
Learning Cycle for every module
Friday Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Friday

Saturday Tuesday
to
Monday
Receive Lesson Continuation Lesson 2 Continuation Collection Teacher Read
Learning 1 of Lesson 1 of Lesson 2 of output checks Module 1
Packets of outputs feedbacks
Module 1
-Study -Study all -Study --Study all Teacher Send
all materials all materials writes Module 1
materials - Answer materials - Answer feedback feedbacks
- Answer quizzes -Answer quizzes for
quizzes -Perform quizzes -Perform Module
-Perform activities -Perform activities
activities 1
-Work with activities -Work with
-Work
with peer peer -Work peer
-Write -Write with -Write
reflection reflection peer reflection
-Write
reflection -Answer
written test
-Perform
task
For activities that requires writing, write legibly as this will help a lot on how you
successfully get ideas across. You can write in extra piece of paper if necessary. Extra sheets of
paper should be inserted between pages where the activity can be found. Don’t forget to label
this extra sheet with your name and the title of the activity.
Make sure to take all quizzes and perform each activity with care and diligence. Some
activities may be performed individually while some activities may require collaboration.
For collaborative activities, called peer work, your instructor will provide the name and
mobile number of the students you will collaborate. The peer work is one of the most essential
features of this module and will mean a lot for learning to succeed as we recognized that you can
learn better if you share insights and perspectives with another. The peer work may be done
through phone calls, video calls or text messaging. If better channels are accessible at the time of
the activity such as chat or forum, make use of better channel. If connecting with your designated
peer through the most basic means is impossible, try your best to solicit ideas from members of
your household on the questions, statements or instructions contained in the peer work.
Once you have completed this module, place this module and all required outputs in the
learning packet to prepare them for collection.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 15%
2. Activities - 15%
3. Peer Work - 10%
4. Reflection - 10%
5. Written Test/Prelim Exam -40%
6. Task Performance -10%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Historical Background and General Concepts, Historical Background, Historical

Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in Medieval and Modern Society, Historical Analysis
of the Interdependence of Science in the Philippines, Inside ( STS) Science, Technology and
Society, The Relationship of Science with Technology, The Effect of Science and Technology to
Society, Gadgets that can Cause Radiation, Healthy Compromise on Cell phones, Radiation
Brought About by Cell phones, Protect Ourselves from Cell phone Radiation, Bad Effects of
these Mobile Phones
Intended Learning Outcomes

Instructions
Concept Notes
Links to supplementary materials
Lesson 2- Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society, Intellectual Revolution, Copernican

Intellectual Revolution, Darwinian Intellectual Revolution, Freudian Intellectual Revolution
Information Theory as part of Intellectual Revolution, MesoAmerican Intellectual Revolution
Asian Intellectual Revolution, Technological Development in Africa

Instructions
Concept Notes
Quiz (L1)
Activities (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Quiz (L2)
Activities (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task Instructions
Historical Background and General Concepts
Historical Background
Historical Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in Medieval and Modern Society
Historical Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in the Philippines
Inside ( STS) Science, Technology and Society
The Relationship of Science with Technology
The Effect of Science and Technology to Society
Gadgets that can Cause Radiation
Healthy Compromise on Cell phones
Radiation Brought About by Cell phones
Protect Ourselves from Cell phone Radiation
Bad Effects of these Mobile Phones
Lesson 1
1. Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, the students should have:
 defined science and technology;

 appreciated the importance of science and technology in your life;
 distinguished between beliefs that are based on superstitions and those that
have scientific bases and
 discussed the steps of the scientific method
II. General Instructions
1. Read the guide questions

2. Study the concept notes. Refer to materials cited for further understanding
3. Study supplementary materials for additional information
4. Take the quiz
5. Perform the activity
6. Fill out the reflection page
III. Guide Questions
Use the guide questions to navigate through the notes and additional readings and media.
Keep them in mind while studying. You can use a separate note to pick up answers from the
materials as you move along.
1. Is science and technology important for the development of a country? Why or why
not?
2. Explain the usefulness of technologies to human life.
3. Are there bad effects of technology to us? Explain.
IV. Concept Notes
Historical Background
In the early age, tools made by humans were made of stones, antlers, wood and bones.
Fire was also discovered by humans by rubbing two stones or woods. 25,000 to 50,000 before
Christ, clothes were worn by humans.
The modern era is the so-called Information Age, Digital Age, computer Age or New
Media Age. This era is characterized by the shifting of the traditional industry to an economy
which is based on information technology.
Although the Information age started in the 1970s where personal computers were
introduced, it was not really a boom the fact that it can transfer information quickly and freely. In
1977, home computers which are classes of microcomputers entered the market but became
common in the 1980’s. Consumers can get these home computers at affordable prices and these
are intended for a single non-technical use.
Then, on August 6, 1991, the World Wide Web or www was introduced by Tim Berners-
Lee. Berners- Lee is dubbed as the father of the Web. There were other inventors in the tech
world such as Vint Cerf and Bob Metcalfe who are dubbed as the father of the Internet and
Ethernet, respectively.
It was on August 9, 1995 that Netscape initially offered this technology to the public.
After this, stocks of Netscape surge which give the company more than $2 billion on the first day
of its trading. It is the IPO or the so called ―Input Process Output‖ that became the rite of
passage for these technology startups.
Comparable to the industrial revolution and agricultural revolution, this digital revolution
marks the start of the Information Age. It is in this age that there is widespread use of digital
logic circuits together with its technologies such as computers, digital mobile phones and the
internet. These innovations of technology have revolutionized the traditional productions and
even business techniques.
Historical Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in Medieval and Modern

Society
The degree of influence of astronomy, medicine and natural history from the different
sources such as scientific and non scientific texts, archives or even technical literatures have
relations to scientific activities. In the field of medicine, Galenism was widespread and popular.
This is the reason why medicine has indispensable and invaluable benefit to the society. This is
also true to other scientific disciplines such as medical history and astronomy which disciplines
are directly related to medicine. Various researches have been done and the focus is on:
1. The political and socio economic context of modern medicine. In the Kingdom of
Valencia during the Spanish Catholic Monarch, health care and medical practices have its
presence in the 16th and 17thcenturies.
2. Scientific and public activities. The Baroque presentation of medicine and even natural
history has popularized scientific ideas during the Spanish Catholic Monarchy. In addition,
Baroque representations and images especially of the disease and the sick during the Spanish
Catholic Monarchy are made basis for knowing social attitudes.
3. Scientific ideas of doctors, cosmographers and astronomers in the Modern Age. Their
roles and spread of knowledge in the 16th and 17thcenturies have made changes in the field of
science.
4. The roles of the doctors being experts in different fields especially during the
medieval and modern eras.
5. Development of complete studies of a medical historian and doctor Jose Rodrigo

Pertegas which are now found in the Catalan and Valencian archives and libraries.
6. The spread of scientific knowledge of the American land and nature and how
American plants are introduced in Europe especially on herbaria, the chronicles and medical
texts of the Indies have are part of scientific development.
Historical Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in the Philippines
In the Philippines, the acceptance of STI or Science, Technology and Innovation are the
most important elements in the Philippine development. Progressive countries in the world make
this STI as the center of the strategy for development.
According to survey, our country, positive advancement and developments in STI remain
in a low level of innovation. This is due to the weakness of human capital, low expenditures in
RD or Research and Development and its weal linkage to STI ecosystem.
According to the GII or Global Innovation Index, our country ranked 74th out of 128
economies as far as innovation is concerned. Philippines garnered a score or 31.8 out of 100.
This is slight development due to our score of 31.1 in 2015 where the Philippines ranked 83 rd out
of the 141 economies.
Our country ranked fifth from the seven members of the ASEAN or Association of
Southeast Asian Nations. The Philippines was ahead of Indonesia (88th) and Cambodia (95th)
but behind Singapore which ranked 6th, Malaysia ranked 35th, Thailand ranked 52nd and
Vietnam ranked 59th.
The weak performance of the STI sector in our country is due to the weak STI culture.
This is because of limited public awareness as well as interest in science, technology and
innovation. Many sectors in our country do not appreciate, recognize and understand the use of
science based information and technology based information in their activities every day.
Furthermore, there are also weaknesses in the professional and social culture especially
on research culture in various universities and its commercialization from its results. There is
also lack of awareness in the research communities, the general public and even on intellectual
property rights. There is low level of adoption and application of these technologies among
MSMEs or micro, small and medium enterprises and even in other sectors such as fisheries and
agriculture.
STI are key components to challenges. But our country is not prepared for this because
we are investing enough resources in science and technology, research and development, human
resource development and even physical infrastructure. Our country even lack technologists and
scientists needed for our development. The result is our country suffers from low agricultural and
industrial productivity, inefficiency, scientific publications, innovations and patents. Although
we have high trained technologists and scientists, our government lacks local investments to hold
them. Although these professionals are trained abroad, they are denied in our country due to lack
of science and technology innovation.
Inside ( STS) Science, Technology and Society
The study of STS (Science, Technology and Society) is an integrative investigation of the
strong collaboration between scientific advancement with societal forces, and their part in the
technological innovations.
Science and technology have a growing impact on society because it can make people’s
life easy. With this, science had given people the chance to go after their concerns in the society
such as education, aesthetics, ethics and justice, creating cultures and improving human
conditions.
Relationship of Science with Technology
Although the purposes and perspective of science and technology are not similar, their
relationship is complex and tense. Their impact on the society is obvious and visible. Society
can also influence science and technology especially on scientific and technological
developments.
Effect of Science and Technology to Society
Society can be influenced by science through its knowledge and views. The scientific
knowledge and the different procedures used by different scientists have great influence on the
ways individuals anticipate themselves and other people in the society as well as in the place
they live and its environment. Sciences effect on the society is not entirely detrimental or entirely
beneficial.
Science tests ideas with evidences it gets from the world of nature. Science can guide to
the advancement of technology. For individuals, science can help us learn more about health and
natural hazards to our environment.
On the other hand, technology can affect our environment, the society and its people.
This can either have positive or negative impact. The positive impact can be making people’s
way of living easy and convenient but there can be negative impact can be addiction to the effect
that it can hurt people’s communication skills or the worst is health ramifications like eyestrain,
insomnia, hearing loss, neck strain and even increase anxiety as well as depression. Technology
can also affect our brain especially the sleep cycles of those persons who use gadgets just for
gaming.
Gadgets can Cause Radiation
There are different gadgets which are out in the market right now. Over use and wrong
use of these gadgets can cause radiation. It can result to long term effects on health such as
cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
a. Cell phone
Cell phone is a portable cordless device for creating contact list, making calls, setting up
voicemail box and texting or calling contacts. This gadget became available in the market in the
1980s. This gadget can have good and bad effect to the users. The different good effects can be
through its applications or apps. It can be your global positioning device (GPS), game consoles
and even music players. But always remember the bad effects for over use. Cell phone can also
be our hand held health coach since there are many apps for improving our health. How?
First, our can help us eat better. There are different websites or apps for healthy recipes.
This is more convenient in making our cell phones as our food journal. This is more convenient
and easy using paper and pen to record diet plans.
Second, cell phones can keep us moving by tracking our physical activities. Research
shows that apps step counts and distance measurement accurate. They can motivate us with
feedback and setting goals. Another thing is that we use cell phones to listen to music and even
doing this while having physical exercises. Cell phones can also lower stress especially by
downloading and listening to soothing music or even nature sounds. Trying yoga is better
because the breathing techniques and the physical movements can help us relax.
However, there are bad effects for cell phones. The bad effects are:
First, it can cause distraction especially using cell phones while walking outdoors or
driving. The result is we pay less attention to our surroundings and we don’t have quick reaction
time. So, the result is accident.
Second, cell phones can make us anxious especially heavy cell phone users. Students
who are heavy cell phone users tend to have lower grades.
Third, cell phones can disrupt our sleep especially attending to call alerts, answering calls
and text messages at night. These constant alerts can interrupt your sleep.
Healthy Compromises of Cellphones
This handy gadget is very difficult to disconnect. But too much time using this gadget can
cause users physical problems. The following are the healthy compromises of cellphones:
1. Turn off cell phones at night or turn it mute. It is necessary to limit screen time before
going to bed. Playing games (like Mobile Legends) or texting or using facebook makes users
difficult to relax.
2. Take continuing breaks. Too much use of this gadget can cause users pain especially in
fingers or wrists. Eyes became tired from the constant look at the gadgets’ screen.
3. Turn off the sound. Using earphones for listening to music from the gadget especially
if the volume is high can cause damage to our sense of hearing.
4. Make a plan for the use of cell phones. Do it only on important matters.
Radiation brought about by Cellphones
There is a possibility of causing health problems especially certain types of cancer. Cell
phones release radio waves or radiofrequency energy. This is a kind of non ionizing radiation
derived from cell phones’ antennas. Hence, body tissues near the cp’s antennas can frequently
absorb this kind of energy.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), radiations coming cell phones have
a great possibility of human carcinogens which can greatly damage our DNA and cells and thus
can cause burns, cancer or sickness. The primary effect is on the brain where our brain blood
vessels die and can lead to seizures. The eyes are greatly affected too because there can be
possibility of cataracts due to non ionizing radiation which can be the source of heating.
Protecting Ourselves from Cell phone Radiation
According to experts, keeping distance from cell phones is very important. It is not
necessary that we have to place it in the pockets of our blouses, polos or pants. When calling or
accepting calls, we should not hold the cell phones to our ears because it can uncover our
salivary glands to Electromagnetic Frequencies (EMFs). It is advisable that we have to use the
speaker or headsets. Another thing to remember, we have to turn off our cell phones more often
because in this cause no radiation is discharged when the gadget is off.
It is recommended by experts that when we sleep, we have to place our cell phones 3
meters away from our body or we can leave the gadget in our chair or couch. It is also important
not place the gadget under the pillow while sleeping or charging it overnight under the pillow.
Bad Effects of Mobile Phones
Although cell phones have good effects; its overuse can give bad effects to the users. The
bad effects are:
1. Cell phones can damage our eyes. According to opticians, users who are addicted to
these gadgets have increased risks of eye damages. Other gadgets such as tablets, computers and
flat screen televisions screens can lead to long term damage.
2. Cell phones can affect user’s health. Too much exposure to these gadgets can damage
our DNA and cells to the effect that it can cause sickness, burns or even cancer at the most. This
is due to the fact that these gadgets have ionizing radiation which can cause heating—the same
with how microwave oven works.
3. Cell phones can affect our brain. According to the World Health Organization (WHO),
radiations coming cell phones have a great possibility of human carcinogens which can greatly
damage our DNA and cells and thus can cause burns, cancer or sickness. The primary effect is
on the brain where our brain blood vessels die and can lead to seizures. The eyes are greatly
affected too because there can be possibility of cataracts due to non ionizing radiation which can
be the source of heating.
4. Cell phones can cause temporary blindness especially if users check these gadgets at
night especially checking these in the dark.
b.) Laptops
Laptops are compact and portable personal computers with similar capabilities as desktop
computers. Laptops discharge heat while in use; and this heat has disastrous effects on our
health. Wrong placement of laptops such as placing them on legs while in use can harm our skin.
According to experts, it can cause sterility. This is due to electromagnetic radiation discharged
by these gadgets. Recent studies of the Fertility and Sterility show that the heat discharged by
these gadgets can cause Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA) damage.
c.) Tablets
If cell phones, laptops or tables are connected to the internet thru WiFi, its connectivity
can discharged electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation. This simply means that the users are hit
by two radiating sources—one from the gadget and the other one from WiFi.
d.) Earphones
Earphones are electrical devices which are used on the ear in order to receive telephone
or radio communications or for the purpose of listening to music etc. or answering to phone calls
without other people hearing it. These earphones can also damage our ears especially when we
used it with high volumes or using them for so long. The worst result is hearing loss.
Therefore, it is a rule that we have to use these MP3 devicesat a maximum level of 60%
for 60 minutes in just one day. According to Dr. Froy, using these earphones at a louder volume
the shorter would be its duration of use. If you do it in a maximum volume, it is necessary that
we have to listen from it for only five minutes in a day.
Instruction for supplementary material
For further readings, see the following references/link
1. Philosophy of Science (Encyclopedia) Scientific Progress, Scientific Revolutions

Floridi, Luciano. 2014. The Fourth Revolution, Oxford University Press
2. Video: Stephen Colbert’s interview with Neil Tyson
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch
v=YXh9RQCvxmg&noredirect=1
4. Youtube: World’s Greatest Inventions (3 minutes)
5. https://explorable.com/scientific-reductionism
6. http://www.history.com/topics/enlightenment/videos/mankind-the-story-of -all-of-us-
scientific-revolution
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8-sT-spd2U
8.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbmZrPWaPKM
9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwyDCHf5iCY
Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society
Intellectual Revolution
Copernican Intellectual Revolution
Darwinian Intellectual Revolution
Freudian Intellectual Revolution
Information Theory as part of Intellectual Revolution
MesoAmerican Intellectual Revolution
Asian Intellectual Revolution
Technological Development in Africa
Lesson 2
1. articulated ways by which society is transformed by science and technology.

4. Take the quiz
1. Is there a possibility that science and technology can transform the community?
2. Give the effects of science to the society.
3. Explain how the intellectual revolution can change the society.
IV. Concept Notes
Intellectual Revolution
Intellectual revolution is time where there is a paradigm shift. It is in this period where
scientific beliefs and studies embraced in the early and medieval times were opposed and
challenged.
This intellectual revolution can transform society by way of critical thinking, creating
rules and policies for equal opportunities and for purposes of evaluation. It is considered as a
continuing process for the development of the country to the end that society’s needs are later
achieved. The joint efforts of great minds and intellectuals can make the world progressive and
peaceful.
Some of the examples of this intellectual revolution are the study of the orbit of the earth
around the sun and the introduction of automobile and other creations/inventions in the society.
But since we are in the Digital Age, digital information revolution can become powerful.
With the use of technologies, these can make our lives convenient and easy. How? Consumers
are already allowed to buy and sell online, order products online and even allow citizens to
interact with or complain to the government issues using the internet.
Copernican Intellectual Revolution
The Copernican Revolution was considered the paradigm shift from Ptolemaic model of
heavens to the heliocentric model. The Ptolemaic model describes the universe with a stationary
Earth at the center. The heliocentric model describes the Sun at the middle of the Solar System.
This is articulated by Nicolaus Copernicus who is a Polish astronomer in the year 1543. .
This Copernican Revolution brought dramatic changes that occurred in the universe and
how the earth revolves around the Sun as what we learnt in Science. It is for a long time that our
perception of the objects in the sky is the ones that revolved everywhere on us and that the earth
is the focus of the universe.
Darwinian Intellectual Revolution
The Darwinian Intellectual Revolution was popularized by Charles Darwin in 1859. This
is a revolution centered on scientific and religious spheres. His book has changed the outlook of
the people on biology and the fundamental effects on modern religion, science and the other
characteristics of the society.
The Darwinian revolution is very important in the development of humanist and scientific
ideas. It was Charles Darwin who made people conscious that the place they live has
evolutionary process especially when the most intelligent and powerful structure of life was
discovered on how individuals evolved.
This theory as advocated by Charles Darwin as found in his book allows us to see how
the various species lived and have died for the reason that another species had succeeded them.
Darwin’s theory is important especially in the evolution of men.
Charles Darwin has also advocated Social Darwinism which firmly believed in the
―survival of the fittest.‖ This is a theory where individuals became influential in the society
because of their inherently better nature. This Social Darwinism theory was used to justify
racism, imperialism, social inequality and eugenics at different times in the past one hundred
fifty years.
However, oppositions to this theory of ―survival of the fittest‖ said that this theory means
―natural selection.‖ Further, oppositions said that this theory is avoided especially by modern
biologists because it is misleading. For them, survival is just one of the aspects of selection;
hence, not the most important.
Freudian Intellectual Revolution
Sigmund Freud has important contribution to intellectual revolution being the well
known and popular psychologist of the 20th century. He founded the psychoanalysis theory
which asserts that human behavior is the outcome of the interplay of the 3 components of the
mind which are id, ego and super ego.
Freudian psychoanalysis’ theory has influenced the growth of psychotherapy and its
different methods of treatment through the century. Freud’s influence in this field continues to be
strong even though this theory had been the subject of controversy.
Freud’s theory is mainly based on objective observations. The major problem in this
theory offers only fact explanations but failed to anticipate traits and behaviors.
Information Theory as part of Intellectual Revolution
The information theory examines the storage, quantification and communication of the
information. In 1948, Claude Shannon (an American electrical engineer, mathematician, and
cryptographer) proposed this theory finding the basic limits on the processing of signals and the
operations of communication like data compression.
MesoAmerican Intellectual Revolution
The MesoAmerican intellectual revolution has greatly influenced the civilizations in

North America, Central America and South America. In these places, the 4 ancient civilizations
are the Maya, the Aztecs, the Olmec and the Inca. These 3 have gained incredible
accomplishments in the field of science and engineering for the reason that they have high value
for education.
This intellectual revolution is very important since this is where agricultural revolution
occurred independently. This has gained ground in North America prior to Columbus. The Maya
can be included since they have expanded a distinctive writing system and an advanced calendar.
The Olmec was the most essential in the MesoAmerican culture. This is due to the
governing landowning class that built the significant MesoAmerican civilization.
Asian Intellectual Revolution
According to Needham, a famous historian, China and the entire Asia continued in the
scientific advancement however, they were slower than countries in the west like Europe. First
and foremost, there are lots of scientific revolutions that begin in Asia particularly in China. But
since Asians are too much concerned about culture and religion, this prevented them from
proceeding in the development of science. In addition, Asian countries failed to adopt industrial
civilization. In Europe, the capitalists became richer and advanced in science.
The other reason why Asia is behind other continents is because is because of scare to
face problems. Like for example in the field of shipping industry, China had developed ships but
Timur wanted to topple down the government and the government put an end to the creation of
ships in order to focus on emerging concerns at that time.
Moreover, in the 19th century, China’s economy being the biggest in the world was
divided by the European countries to the effect that there is a slow moving scientific revolution
in China and the countries in Asia.
Scientific Revolution of Middle East
The scientific revolution of Middle East has great contribution for great innovations and
discoveries. Middle East is rich in innovations and culture even in the past; however, its
development faced lag. Education in the Middle East is left behind which makes young people
after graduation jobless. Because of this, the government has made great investments in quality
scientific researches for innovation and development. For example, Mesopotamia is now
advanced in chemistry, algebra, medicine, engineering and astrology.
Technological Development in Africa

Africa is the continent in the world that used stones as their tools. Stones are common in
East Africa as well as in the Sub Saharan Africa. From these stones they were able to make
different kinds of tools.
In the history of science and technology, Africa has made developments in mathematics,
metallurgy, architecture and other arts. In Nairobi, homegrown was developed and there are
many big companies in the world have found out that Africa has fertile lands which are
necessary for scientific and technological developments.
African leaders have promised that their governments have to fund projects on science
and technology since this is very important for the country’s economic development but they
were not able to give concern for this issue for a long time. In Summit of AU (African Union)
leaders in January 2007, they have agreed to allocate 1% of their GNP (Gross National Product)
in 2020 for this purpose.
Since there are skilled, creative and educated young Africans together with the
government’s implementation and investments on science can be of great help to the
transformation of the Africa and the improvement of the Africans’ well being.
Instruction for Supplementary Material
For further readings, see the following references/links:
1. http://www.flowofhistory.com.readings
2. Flowcharts/revival-west/the-age-of-enlightenment
3. http://hti.osu.ed/scientific revolution/lesson plans
4. PowerPoint presentation on the individual scholars and great works
5.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLhNP0qp38Q
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xEenvVNAEBE
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5XD1wn7cdI
Peer Work (L1)
For this section, you have to communicate with your assigned peer through a text
message, a call or using other platforms of communication. You are given guide questions to
keep in mind while you read. With these questions, discuss with your peers your responses.
When done, fill the file below with the responses of your peer.
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Is science and technology important for the development of a country? Why or why not?
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2. Explain the usefulness of technologies to human life.

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3. Are there bad effects of technology to us? Explain.

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Quiz (L1)
Direction: Understand the statement in each number. If the statement is correct, write
TRUE and if the statement is erroneous, explain/justify in not more than two (2) sentences the
reason/s why the statement is FALSE. (10 points each)
1. Due to the difficulties in keeping up with the information, the role of technology
makes it more burdensome for people to be updated with the news.
2. Topics of the news, notwithstanding of its source, hold the same interest levels to all
people in walks of life.
3. The presence of technology can help solve problems by helping individuals finished
their tasks.
4. The impact of technology to the community is better hygiene and health.
5. Imperfect sitting posture is a negative effect of the technology.
6. Ionizing radiation is the radiation that has been released by cell phones.
7. All cell phones deliver the highest end radiation.
8. Sleepy patterns, change in brain activities, reaction times are some of the better health
effects in using cell phones.
9. Radio Frequency (RF) waves can damage DNA.
10. Electromagnetic radiation due to overuse of cell phones decreases the risk of brain
cancer and other health problems.
Activity (L1)
Click these links and watch the videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8-sT-spd2U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbmZrPWaPKM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwyDCHf5iCY
Then in not less than 400 words, write your reaction on these 3 videos.
Position Paper Rubric
The answers to the questions are rated as follows:

1. Clear and Complete
2. Clarity of Thought
3. Accurate, brief and concise
4. Style and Grammar
Criteria Performance Level Score

100 Total
Points Exemplary Competent Unsatisfactory
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an Fails to address the
Complete and complete adequate understanding question or
25 points understanding of the of the question demonstrates an
question inadequate or partial
25 Points 20 Points grasp of the question
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity,
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused,
25 points depth of reflection, omit significant facts
and insight 20Points or is otherwise
25 Points incomplete
15 Points
Accurate, Presents answer Presents information Significant problems
brief and accurately, briefly fairly accurately and with concision, and
concise and concisely, in an concisely, may have organization,
25 points organized manner minor organization making the
25 Points problems information
20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of Uses acceptable style May contain enough
Grammar style and grammar and grammar (contains distracting grammar,
25 points well one or a few errors) spelling, etc. errors
25 Points 20Points to make it
substantially
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
Write legibly your reflections in the space provided. You can use extra sheet if you wish
to write more.
Here are the questions:
1. What top 3 things you have learned from this lesson?
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2. How will you personally rate yourself in performing the activity (very good, good,
needs improvement)? Why?
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3. What are the things you enjoyed most about this lesson?
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4. What are your difficulties in this lesson?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________________
1. Is there a possibility that science and technology can transform the community?
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2. Give the effects of science to the society.

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3. Explain how the intellectual revolution can change the society.

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Quiz (L2)
1. Possession of knowledge by way of observing the nature is the primary basis of scientific
revolution.
2. Enlightenment intellectuals do not believe on the progress of the society.
3. Copernican revolution does not replaced the way on how we anticipate the universe.
4. There are two stages of scientific revolutions according to the Darwinian and the
Copernican Revolutions.
5. According to Charles Darwin the source and adaptation of organisms presents the domain
of science.
6. The serious problem in the intellectual revolution of Sigmund Freud is the clarification of
characteristics in which traits and behaviors can be predicted.
7. Mesoamerica is a development of the varied cultural traits and the sharing of the
indigenous cultures.
8. Architectural accoutrements and features are the cultural traits of the MesoAmericans.
9. Industrial revolution is the landmark of the Asian revolution.
10. Part of the Africans theory is the belief that the impact of life is the highest value.
Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLhNP0qp38Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xEenvVNAEBE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5XD1wn7cdI
Then in not less than 400 words, write your reaction on these 3 videos.
\


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an Fails to address the
Complete and complete adequate understanding question or
25 points understanding of the of the question demonstrates an
15 Points
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused,
25 points depth of reflection, omit significant facts
and insight 20Points or is otherwise
25 Points incomplete
15 Points
Accurate, Presents answer Presents information Significant problems
brief and accurately, briefly fairly accurately and with concision, and
concise and concisely, in an concisely, may have organization,
25 points organized manner minor organization making the
25 Points problems information
20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of Uses acceptable style May contain enough
Grammar style and grammar and grammar (contains distracting grammar,
25 points well one or a few errors) spelling, etc. errors
25 Points 20Points to make it
substantially
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
Write legibly your reflections in the space provided. You can use extra sheet if you wish
to write more.
______________________________________________________________________________
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2. How will you personally rate yourself in performing the activity (very good, good,
needs improvement)? Why?
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Performance Task
This performance task measures how well you can put together the skills you have
learned from Lessons 1 to 2 of this Module.
Name _______________________________________ Course and Year _____________

Date_____________________________ Score ___________ Remarks_______________
Here are the components of effective learning environment according to Bates (2019) but
excluding assessment.
 the characteristics of the learners and their means of inter-communication
 the goals for teaching and learning
 the activities that support learning
 the resources that are available such as textbooks, technology or learning spaces
Perform the following tasks
A. Create a learner profile with this mini form

Year Level ________________________________________________
Number of students in class __________________________________
Economic status (monthly family income) _______________________
B. Goals for teaching and learning

Write down set of general learning goals you need to cover in a semester. Write 3 to 5
goals.
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C. What are the activities that support learning in your class? Write a brief but clear
description of the activities. Include activities that parents, teachers and other school staff can do
to support learning. Include frequency of the activities if necessary.
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C. 1. List down technology resources in the class. Be specific with the software and hardware.
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2. Draw the layout of your learning space. Position the elements (furniture, technology hardware,
doors, windows etc) in a way that learning is maximize in your learning space. Label the
elements properly. If you think you need to create differently shaped spaces, you can draw the
shape. Work on a draft in a different paper before drawing your final output on this sheet.
Rating scale for written goals
4- Excellent 3- Very good 2-Adequate 1-Poor

The objectives… 4 3 2 1
are developmentally appropriate for the learner
are expressed in clear statements
are relevant and practical
are attainable
Rating scale for activities that support learning

The activities… 4 3 2 1
are aligned with the goals set by the professor
define clearly the role of persons involved in creating a supportive
learning environment
are time bound and attainable
target the different areas that need support
Rating scale for technology and resources that support learning environment

The technology… 4 3 2 1
are developmentally appropriate for the learner
are easy to use
adequately meets the needs of the learner
Rating scale for the learning space layout

The learning environment’s … 4 3 2 1
space is adequate for the different learning activities
availability of technology learning tools/equipment
appropriateness of the technology learning tools/equipment
ventilation, lighting and consideration of the learner’s safety
flow of traffic (The fixtures are arranged in a way that the learner can
easily navigate through different working/activity space)
Learning Module
in
Module 2 of 4
Course Description:
2013)
Outcomes
Knowledge
building
in general
Values
Skills
of climate change
programmed to run for 4 weeks. This module tackles to find the 3 outcomes on skills of the
course
1. Creatively present the importance and contributions of science and technology to

society
2. Examine shared concerns that make up the good life in order to come up with
innovative and creative solutions to contemporary issues guided by ethical standards
3. Illustrate how the social media and information age impact their lives and their
understanding of climate change
directed learning.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 10%
2. Activities - 10%
3. Peer Work - 10%
4. Reflection - 10%
5. Written Test/Midterm Exam - 30%
6. Task Performance - 10%
7. Prelim Grade - 20%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Filipino Invention s and Discoveries, Medical Incubator, Erythromycin,

Anticancer Cream, Mole Remover, Diwata 1 and 2

Instructions
Concept Notes
Lesson 2- Science and Technology in National Development, Major contributions of science and
technology to Philippine nation-building, Technological change creating a new global economy,
Contribution of Science to the Society, Initiatives, LiDAR—Light Detection and Ranging,
DOST Research and Development Agenda (2017-2022), Science and Technology as Key
Drivers to Economic Growth,

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activity (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work ( L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activity (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
Filipino Inventions and Discoveries
Medical Incubator
Erythromycin
Anticancer Cream
Mole Remover
Diwata 1 and 2
Lesson 1
1. appreciated the Filipino inventions
2. identified the actual science and technological developments
3. appraised the impact of the Filipino inventions to the Philippine development.

4. Take the quiz
1. Explain the effect of the development of science to the society.
2. Explain the effect of the technological development to the society.
3. Can science and technology offer solutions to the county’s problem?

IV. Concept Notes
Filipino Inventions and Discoveries
There are many who are considered the greatest Filipino inventors in their respective
times. We have our national hero, Dr. Jose P. Rizal, who is considered the greatest patriot in the
Philippines because of his uniqueness and ingenuity.
Even though there is the lack of support by the government of the Philippines, still these
Filipinos pursued with their inventions and they have made great contribution to our society.
These Filipino discoveries faced disputes and controversies as far as the authenticity or
genuineness of their inventions are concerned.
Medical Incubator
Dr. Fe Del Mundo invented the medical incubator and jaundice or icterus relieving
device. This incubator as 2 laundry baskets which are native and these are of different sizes
where one basket is placed over the other. In between the two baskets are bottles containing hot
water for the purpose of providing warmth. Over the overlapping baskets, there is a makeshift
hood in order that oxygen can circulate within. Dr. Del Mundo invented this medical incubator in
order tor3egulate the temperature of new born babies in the rural areas where at that time there is
no electricity yet. Del Mundo is a graduate of Harvard University School of Medicine.
Erythromycin
Erythromycin is an antibiotics used as a substitute to penicillin. This medicine can cure

infections without considering the side effects of many antibiotics. This is acquired from the
bacterium Streptomyces erythreus. It was Dr. AbelardoAguilar, an Ilonggo, who in the year 1949
discovered a strain using the soil from Iloilo. But when he sent this strain to be separated to Eli
Lilli Company, Aguilar’s employer in the US, a drug company owned by an Indian produced it
without even giving credit to Aguilar for this outstanding discovery.
Anticancer Cream
Anti-cancer cream with this brand name ―DeBCC‖ was invented by Rolando delaCruz.
This cream was made of cashew nuts and local herbs. This cream can treat BSC or basal skin
carcinoma which is considered as the widespread skin cancer worldwide. Dela Cruz entered this
invention in an International Inventor’s Forum in November, 2005 and out of the 1,500 entries,
this ―DeBCC‖ was chosen as the most significant invention.
Mole Remover
Mole Remover is another invention of Rolando dela Cruz. He developed this in 2000
from the extract of cashew nuts or Annacardium occidentale. This mole remover can remove
deeply grown warts or moles from the skin without hurting the patient or leaving any marks.
Diwata 1 and 2
The first Philippine micro-satellite is Diwata 1. This was designed and built by Filipino
engineers from the Department of Science and Technology/Advanced Science and Technology
Institute (DOST/ASTI) and the University of the Philippines. These engineers were dubbed as
the Magnificent 9 ( From the Tohoko team-Julian Marvick Oliveros, Ariston N. Gonzales, Brian
Paler (ASTI), John Leur Labrador, Gerwin Guba (ASTI) and Juan Paolo Espiritu and the
Hokkaido Team: Kaye Kristine Vergel, Delburg Mitchao, Benjamin Magallon. They developed
and produced Diwata 1 with the collaboration of the engineers and scientist from Hokkaido
University and Tohoko University both in Japan.
The team coming from Tohoku University was in charge of developing the Diwata 1 bus,
from mechanical to electrical aspects, vibration, thermal, off gas, fit check test and many more.
The team coming from the Hokkaido University was in charge of the payload of this micro-
satellite and this includes the selection as well as the calibration of the optical sensors in order to
conform to the missions of science. This optical sensor can measure the substantial quantity of
the light and its translation to a readable form by the instrument. This team from Hokkaido
University selects the process of raw data coming from the sensor towards the end products
which are considered high level. Teams from both universities have their involvement not only
in the design but also the operational details of the stations in the ground for controlling this
micro- satellite and the receiving of data. These teams are in charge of the continuous test of its
features, sensors and optimization of software of the satellite.
This micro-satellite is with a mass of 50 kg, with a size of 55 cm x 35 cm x55 cm and

solar panels which are face mounted for the purpose of providing power necessary for the
operation of this spacecraft. Therefore, it falls under the category of micro-satellite. As far as its
use is concerned, it is intended and considered as a satellite for observing the earth particularly
the Philippine ground underground, water and underwater.
This was launched on March 23, 2016 to the International Space Station. On April 27,
2016, this micro-satellite was deployed by the ISS (International Space Station) into the orbit.
This microsatellite can get photos of the natural disasters and enables PAGASA
(Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration) of the DOST
in making accurate forecasts and monitoring of the weather conditions which is very crucial to
the Philippine agriculture. The data coming from this micro-satellite are used in the prediction of
the maximum weather system in the Philippines.
One of the goals of this program is to take precedence in the development of the
aerospace industries and the local electronics that would supplement the satellite building
industries. In addition, this micro-satellite can send into space weather forecasting, disaster
management programs, fisheries, agriculture, mining, forest protection as well as protection of
our historical and cultural sites.
The other objectives of this micro-satellite program are to observe the Earth, develop
human resources and monitor the climate conditions.
This micro-satellite can provide the real time, high resolution and multi color infrared
images for different applications and that includes meteorological imaging, measurement of
ocean and crop production and high resolution imaging of the man-made and natural features in
our country. Moreover, this satellite can make an exact estimate of the Philippine agricultural
and fishery production, provides images of floodplains and watersheds to know the availability
of water needed for irrigation and domestic consumption. This satellite can also feed exact
information on the degradation and disturbances both in the upland and forest areas in the
country.
Philippines has 2 satellites before (Agila 1 and Agila 2 which was named later as ABS 3);
however, this was not Filipino owned. This means that our government gets the services of
foreign countries for taking images from the satellite. Due to the after effect of typhoon Yolanda
that hits the Philippines, this PHL-Microsat program was created.
On October 29, 2018, Diwata 2 otherwise known as Diwata 2B was launched in the outer
space. This is the second satellite after Diwata 1. Unlike Diwata 1, this Diwata 2 or 2B has an
advantageous radio communication technology since it carries an amateur radio payload
especially for disaster relief. This Diwata 2 can monitor the following: scope of disaster
damages, cultural and natural heritage and vegetation. It also helps forecast weather, observe
patterns of clouds and other weather disturbances.

7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSe3Oi3ZU4I&t=13s
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qs64bdrHrVw
9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ku_O8iWhH7w
Science and Technology in National Development
Major contributions of science and technology to Philippine nation-building
Technological change creating a new global economy
Contribution of Science to the Society
Initiatives
LiDAR—Light Detection and Ranging
DOST Research and Development Agenda (2017-2022)
Science and Technology as Key Drivers to Economic Growth
Lesson 2
1. articulated ways by which society is transformed by science and technology.
2. explained that the key to future progress for mankind lies in the realization of
―science and technology for society, and in society.‖
3. examined from the viewpoint of science and technology for society.

4. Take the quiz
1. Explain the important role of science and technology to the development of the
country.
2. Can you consider science and technology as engine for the economic growth of the
country? Explain.
3. In what way can science and technology aid in the world’s economy?
IV. Concept Notes

Science and Technology in National Development
There is development when advancement occurs. To have a successful economy in the

country, there must be pursuit for knowing the country’s economy wherein science and
technology as well as engineering are the basic requirements. Without developing science and
technology, development of the country’s economy is slight; therefore, the country can be
classified as under developed country. Modernity and rapid development are always associated
with science and technology.
The flow of different modern gadgets, modern equipments in medicine, aviation,

infrastructure, information technology, electricity among others can be part of modernization.
Hence, these are part of the country’s development.
Countries nowadays are classified into developed, industrialized, developing and

underdeveloped countries and this classification is based on its economy and how science and
technology are applied in these countries.
With development and improvement of science and technology, it gives positive results
such as people’s living is comfortable and easy, diseases can be easily determined and analyzed,
sectors in the economy improve such as education, industry, agriculture and communication etc.
and the improvement of research, development and its implications.
With the proper development of science and technology in the country, the economy also
develops and can be considered at the advanced level as what some countries are classified
today.
Major contributions of science and technology to Philippine nation-building
From the Stone Age to Bronze Age down to the Modern Age, we can trace how science
and technology develop. Also, when there are inventions in science and technology, the
community life can be easily changed. With technological changes and innovations, the work
load of the people has been lessened and this can lead to the study of newly applied technologies.
While in the field of medical science, its development can contribute more to the prevention and
cure of diseases more particularly on promoting cheap medicines and vaccines. Country’s
communication has drastic changes due to information technology and the introduction of
different gadgets where people even at a far distance can communicate and see each other.
Nowadays, several inventions are in the processed of research and study for the purpose of
competition.
Technological change creating a new global economy
The unprecedented and sometimes radical changes brought by the Digital Age have great
impact in the society especially in production and how people earn a living. These changes can
illustrate the growth of the economy, productivity of the manufacturing industries and employment of
the people.
Economic growth is very important since it can measure the quality of life and the standard of
living of the people. Within a growing economy, every person can get sufficient goods and services;
thus, lowering if not eliminating the poverty level in the country.
Productivity is the most essential factor in determining the country’s economic growth. But if
recession occurs in the country, the economy can be greatly affected to the effect that the country has
the inability to give a good standard of living for its citizens.
To sum it up, technological changes can improve the efficiency in the process of production
and as a result there can be more production. With technological changes, manual labor can be
replaced and there is greater possibility of new products introduced and new processed and best
practices to be adopted.
Contribution of Science to the Society
Scientific inventions are brought about by sharp technologies. The best examples are the
invention of the micro-satellite, medicines, vaccines and other laboratory equipments used by
hospitals and clinical laboratories. Through the micro-satellite, there is already accurate
information given on weather forecasting etc. Organic and inorganic/ branded medicines can be
manufactured for treating various diseases. Laboratory equipments can be introduced to help
medical practitioners easily identify the patients’ sickness and the correct prescription of
medicines.
Science actually involves the ideas of the human mind and the validity of these ideas can
be proved not only through the nature’s language but also the language of men. The GPS or the
Global Positioning System is important nowadays. This includes the space based satellites,
receivers and computers which can provide information of locations anywhere whether within
the country or outside. Originally, this GPS was used by the US military for the purpose of
locating their troops especially in the forests and other deserted areas.
GPS has great impact to the society. It can change the way of communication of the
people. It can help parents track their children. It is also installed as a device in cars and even cell
phones to assist people not only in mapping but also directing to their locations.
Initiatives
In the Philippines, the Department of Science and Technology in cooperation with the
Higher Education Institutions and different research institutions had established different
advanced facilities to help Research and Development and provide Micro or Small Enterprises
and Medium Enterprises gain from the testing services which are needed to quality and quantity
production and for them to have competitive advantage. These are:
1. Advanced Device and Materials Testing Laboratories. Its center has advanced
equipments for quality control, identification of materials and research and
development. This is closely associated to the Electronics Products Development
Center which is used for designing, developing and testing software and hardware for
different electronic products.
2. high performance computing facility that tests as well as run computationally an in

depth application for giving numerical predictions of weather, modeling climate, and
analytics and modeling data and archiving.
3. The Genome Center is core facility for the development of therapeutics, health
diagnostics, preventive products, DNA forensics and improvement of crop varieties.
4. The drug discovery facilities direct the demand of high quality production and
medicine which are globally acceptable.
5. The Nano technology center provides technical services and enables environment for
collaborative and interdisciplinary research and development as far as applications of
Nano technology are concerned.
6. Radiation processing facilities which are used to graft, degrade, or crosslink,

monomers, polymers and chemical compounds for medical, agricultural, industrial
and environmental applications.
7. Die and Mold Solutions Center which increases competitiveness of the local die and
tool sector through the location of currently imported molds and dies.
8. Intelligent Operation Center Platform which was established between LGU Davao
City and the IBM Philippines. This center created a dashboard allowing agencies
authorized by the government like fire, police and the anti terrorism task force for
using analytics software to monitor operations and events in real time.
LiDAR—Light Detection and Ranging
Light Detection and Ranging or Li DAR for short is a distant sensing method that is used
for examining the earth’s surface. It is composed of a scanner, laser and a GPS receiver. The
common platforms for acquiring data from the LiDAR even in broad areas are the helicopters
and airplanes.
To collect measurement, the LiDAR uses the pulse from the laser and this can create 3D
models and maps of the environment and objects. This LiDAR works in the same way as the
Sonar and Radar. The only difference is that the LiDAR uses light waves coming from the laser
to scan the environment as compared to sound and radio waves of the Sonar and Radar. The
information from the LiDAR can those places that need more fertilizer or water so that farmers
can save money they spend for their laborers and their time of performing their tasks. This
technology can be used during daytime and even during night time.
LiDAR technology does not penetrate data that are filtered to the ground but does not
penetrate vegetation even though the light is seen from below the shade of a tree.
LiDAR is used by the PNP. This technology is considered as the police laser which is
accurate in monitoring speed of vehicles; thus, used by traffic enforcement officers. LiDAR can
operate by releasing infrared laser light and giving the beam off from the vehicle and back to the
gun.
LiDAR can detect objects with a 10% reflectivity at the range of 230 meters.
DOST Research and Development Agenda (2017-2022)
Department of Science and Technology has the annual conference where researchers
from different fields like health, industry, agriculture and those in the academic sectors attend. In
their 2ndNational Research and Development Conference held in Manila Hotel on February 15,
2017 they have come up with the five year development agenda (from 2017 to 2022).
The DOST S4CP or the Science for Change Program gives emphasis on the necessity of
collaborative research among the different stakeholders from the government, academe and
industry to support the Philippine economic growth. This program or plan includes researches
with outputs solving the problems of employment, inequality, economic competitiveness which
are essential for the country’s economic growth.
Science and Technology as Key Drivers to Economic Growth
Science and technology are important agents for a growing economy. We all know that
the present administration of President Rodrigo Duterte had faced many problems and issues like
drugs, insurgency and criminality, corruption, impact of climate change and the country’s
exposure to natural disasters.
Other critical and emerging issues are the primary concern of this program or plan and
this includes concerns on healthcare, environmental integrity, fisheries, agriculture, food
security, oceanography and marine science, weather forecasting and disaster science, climate
change space technology application and development and communication and information
technology and the internet access for all.
From these different issues and concerns of the science and technology agenda of
President Duterte, five areas were the priority and these are industrialization, renewable energy,
increased in the production of foods, cheaper and faster internet and adaption to climate changes.

7. Government Documents: NEDA. National Development Agenda; Regional Agenda;
Filipino Great Men and Women; Great Filipino Inventions
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EYbhNSUnIdU
9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zREAEdXzOcw
Peer Work (L1)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Explain the effect of the development of science to the society.

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2. Explain the effect of the technological development to the society.

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3. Can science and technology offer solutions to the county’s problem?

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Quiz (L1)
1. All inventions must be patented.
2. Dr. Fe del Mundo’s invention had helped rural communities without electricity
3. The invention of Dr. Abelardo Aguilar can cure bacterial infections.
4. Filipinos have collected knowledge and developed science and technology out of
necessities.
5. Innovations in technology have been solutions to wrong dissemination of information.
6. Technological solutions which are more visible need supplementation of strategic

protection of the pre-existing beliefs.
7. Science and technology have minor contribution to the society.
8. Education can be improved through technological and scientific evolution.
9. Country’s practices can be transformed through the different inventions.
10. With a scientific knowledge there is a possibility that a new technology will come up.
Activity (L1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSe3Oi3ZU4I&t=13s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qs64bdrHrVw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ku_O8iWhH7w
Then in not more than 400 words, write your reaction on these 3 videos.


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear Demonstrates an adequate Fails to address the
Complete and complete understanding of the question or
25 points understanding of the question demonstrates an
15 Points
Thought clarity of thought, knowledge of the issue may be confused, omit
25 points depth of reflection, and significant facts or is
insight 20Points otherwise incomplete
25 Points 15 Points
Accurate, Presents answer Presents information fairly Significant problems
brief and accurately, briefly and accurately and concisely, with concision, and
concise concisely, in an may have minor organization, making
25 points organized manner organization problems the information
25 Points 20 Points presented difficult to
comprehend
15 Points
Style and Uses elements of style Uses acceptable style and May contain enough
Grammar and grammar well grammar (contains one or distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points a few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
20Points make it substantially
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
Write legibly your reflections in the space provided. You can use extra sheet if you wish to write
more.
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2. How will you personally rate yourself in performing the activity (very good, good, needs
improvement)? Why?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Explain the important role of science and technology to the development of the
country.
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2. Can you consider science and technology as engine for the economic growth of the
country? Explain.
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3. In what way can science and technology aid in the world’s economy?
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Quiz (L2)
reason/s why the statement is FALSE. (10 points each).
1. Technological progress permits efficient and better production of goods and

services.
2. The recent shift of open development has evolved in the growth of the business.
3. Technological progress does not affect productivity directly.
4. Scientific and technological developments have primary contributions to the

social-cultural and economic life.
5. Science gives man the opportunity to continue societal concerns.
6. Technological progress gives the country a positive economic growth.
7. Scientific developments can contribute to e serious conditions of health.
8. The utilization of technology has made the individual’s everyday life more
comfortable for everyone.
9. Cultural differences influenced global communications.
10. Technology is appropriate for scientific knowledge for a practical purpose.

Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EYbhNSUnIdU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zREAEdXzOcw


100 Total
15 Points
25 Points 15 Points
comprehend
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Written Test
This written test covers the underpinning knowledge, concepts and principles learned from
Lesson 1 to Lesson 2 of this module
Name _____________________________________________ Program and

Year___________________
Date ____________________________ Score ______________________ Remarks
_________________
Write an essay on the topic state below. Make sure that the essay contains a title, an
introduction, a discussion or body and a conclusion. Cite the sources you have used properly
using APA 6th edition. For this written exam, use a separate sheet of bond paper (long substance
20). You may also process your work in using a word processor (Microsoft Word, Google Docs,
WPS etc.) and store the file in your flash drive. Label the paper properly with your name, your
program and year and a ―Written Test M1‖ on the top left corner of the paper. If it is a digital
file, the name the file ―Written Test M1.‖ Be guided by the rubric below.
Essay Topic:
There are many Filipinos who have made remarkable discoveries and inventions. They
have accumulated knowledge through their further studies. Make an analysis on these Filipino
inventions that you have learned from this module and their contributions to the Philippine
economy. Support your discussion with at least 3 related literatures. Document your reference
properly. Use APA 6th ed. In formatting your essay and writing the reference list.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
Clear and Demonstrates a clear and Demonstrates an adequate Fails to address the
Complete complete understanding understanding of the question question or
25 points of the question demonstrates an
25 Points 20 Points inadequate or partial
grasp of the question
15 Points
Clarity of Answer displays clarity of Answer displays basic Answer lacks clarity, may
Thought thought, depth of knowledge of the issue be confused, omit
25 points reflection, and insight significant facts or is
25 Points 20Points otherwise incomplete
15 Points
Accurate, brief Presents answer Presents information fairly Significant problems with
and concise accurately, briefly and accurately and concisely, concision, and
25 points concisely, in an may have minor organization organization, making the
organized manner problems information presented
25 Points 20 Points difficult to comprehend
15 Points
Grammar and grammar well grammar (contains one or a distracting grammar,
25 points 25 Points few errors) spelling, etc. errors to
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Performance Task
This performance task measures how well you can put together the skills you have learned from
Lessons 1 to 2 of this Module.

Considering the Philippine condition nowadays, what specific invention or scientific

advancement or technological advancement that can you suggest solving the economic and social
problems in the Philippines today.
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\Essay Rubric


100 Total
15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Learning Module
in
Module 3 of 4
Course Description:
2013)
Outcomes
Knowledge
building
in general
Values
Skills
of climate change
course

society
nation-building
society in general
directed learning.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 10%
2. Activities - 10%
3. Peer Work - 10%
4. Reflection - 10%
5. Written Test/PreFinal Exam - 30%
7. Midterm Grade - 20%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Advancing Science, Technology Agenda: Best Option for Philippine Growth,
Investment, Lagundi, Research, Manpower, Capital, Patents, Ecosystem, Importance of Science
and Technology in our Daily Life

Instructions
Concept Notes
Lesson 2- The Information Age (Gutenberg to Social Media), Biodiversity and the Healthy
Society, Genetically Modified Organisms: Science, Health, and Politics

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activity (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work ( L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activity (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
Advancing Science, Technology Agenda: Best Option for Philippine Growth
Investment
Lagundi
Research
Manpower
Capital
Patents
Ecosystem
Importance of Science and Technology in our Daily Life
Lesson 1
4. discussed the role of science and technology in Philippine nation building
5. evaluated government policies on science and technology which pertains to

science and technology especially on their contributions to nation building
6. identified actual policies of the government on science and technology and

appraised their impact to Philippine nation building
7. instilled in their minds and hearts their roles, tasks and responsibilities to nation
building.

4. Take the quiz
1. Is science and technology agenda very vital to the growth of the Philippine
economy?
2. In your opinion, is science and technology necessary for the improvement of
business production?
3. Identify 2 areas in your life where science and technology had played an
important role.
IV. Concept Notes
Advancing Science, Technology Agenda: Best Option for Philippine Growth
Presently, more or less 60% of the companies in the Philippines are offering trainings for
the purpose of improving the skills of their workers/employees. In addition, the Philippine
government is making heavy investments in both science and technology developments. These
advancements are focused on medicine and health because our country is rich in medicinal herb
plantation. Moreover, the government is also concentrating on the developments of education,
disaster resiliency, energy and even climate change adaptation.
Although in the past administration, our government had been growth resistant especially
when it comes to science and technology yet under the administration of Pres. Duterte is pushing
to science and technology development. To cite as examples are his Build Build Build Program
involving infrastructure projects all over the country, the microsatellites (Diwata 1 and 2) and
other related projects.
Investment
According to the study conducted by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies,
there is a weak tie between the past administration and the innovation driven companies and
there are low expenditures on R&D or Research and Development. With this, the present
administration has a drive to extend efforts reaching out the private sector because the innovation
of science and technology has a major role in the country’s social and economic progress and
thus the key drivers for the country’s long term economic growth.
With technological development, citizens and local companies are greatly benefited and
can be updated with the existing technologies. The local companies can improve their
productivity in industries, agriculture and even services. In addition, this can lead give local
companies the edge to be competitive with their rival multinational or transnational companies
doing business in our country. Moreover, new companies and new industries can be possibly
created. On the other hand, in the science sector, potential local medicinal or herbal plants are
being studies and extracts from these to produce organic medicines had been tested and proven
and now out in the different drug stores.
Lagundi
Vitex negundo or lagundi is one of the medicines that had been challenge by various drug
producers or manufacturers prior to its sale in the drug stores. The efficacy of this herbal
medicine had been subjected to stringent clinical trials for 20 long years and as a result it is
proven to be effective. This is the reason why lagundi capsule is prescribed by our medical
practitioners.
The agenda on science needs more funding and prioritization so as private drug
companies can manufacture and make available these medicines in the market.
Research
The factor behind the weak execution of the innovation in science and technology are low
spending by the government and the private sector on this. There is even low budget and support
for research and development.
Researches which are directed to industrial and agricultural production as well as

technology, care and control of the environment and improvement and protection of the human
health are currently studied. Another thing is that studies made by Research and Development
are all concentrated within Central Luzon, Calabarzon and the NCR or the National Capital
Region. Hardly, you can find studies outside of these areas.
There were also studies made on the low college students in bound mobility which refers
to the students from the different countries outside of the Philippines who are studying here in
the Philippines. This inbound mobility program is important to make students gain new
experiences to present interpretations and challenges for students to make them well rounded
individuals. The biggest impact to students is the skills and experiences they have to make them
fully developed individuals.
This inbound mobility program gives personal and long term benefits to the individuals.
These students who study in a foreign country can have the following benefits:
1. enjoy the environments in a foreign country

2. know the culture of another country and sometimes follow them
3. easy to know the language because of practical immersion
4. aware and adopt alternative approaches to learning.
Manpower
Manpower is another indicator to measure the capacity for generating technology. The
manpower includes the people in the workforce. In short, it is the labor force or workers or
employees. Men and women are included in this term.
With manpower, there is productivity for the companies. More manpower means more
productivity. If there many in the workforce then the project/s can be easily completed. So, if the
company has limited workforce, then there is a great possibility of preventing the company from
completing its project/s.
Capital
Capital is one of the factors that drive the country to economic growth. Aside from
capital, the other two factors are the increase in the output of labor and advancement in
technology. Improved or additional capital goods can increase productivity of the workforce. So,
if labor force is more efficient, there can be increased efficiency in the national level; thus,
making the country’s economy growing to the effect that there is also higher Gross National
Product (GNP) nationwide.
Economic growth can be increased:
1. By reducing foreign borrowings and increasing investment and spending of

consumers.
2. By increasing real wages of the employees so that they will have more to spend.
3. By increasing spending on exports of goods and services.
Adopting better technology and increasing productivity of the workforce are very
important for a higher growth in the country’s economy. We must not forget that investment can
help boost the country’s economy.
Patents
Patent is an intellectual property right of the owner not to copy, use or sell his invention
for a certain period of time. Patent is very important for every invention for the purpose of
safeguarding it. With patent, the originality of every product, processor design can be protected.
In the Philippines, patented inventions are protected for 20 years from the time of the actual date
of filing of applications for non Patent Cooperation Treaty or 20 years from the international date
of filing applications for Patent Cooperation Treaty.
With patent, national industries can grow because they can hold their patents for the
purpose of attracting investment overseas and they can develop their products for exportation.
Any profit that can be generated here can be used for research and development on industry
innovations quickens industrial and commercial growth.
With patent, the registered owner has exclusive rights over his inventions, can easily deal
with infringers and can easily commercialize the patented product/s. Patent can also encourage
economic development of the country and promote changes or innovations.
Ecosystem
The weak linkage among the players in the science and technology innovation ecosystem
is also brought by the weak cooperation and partnership among the actors---- the government and
the private sector. There are many higher education institutions through their studies that there is
a need for them to collaborate with the different companies on this. However, companies have
reported their difficulties on how to convince the higher education institutions due to the latter’s
suspicion, resentment or distrust. As a result, these companies ended up with little assistance
both from the research institutions and the government.
The programs and projects of Research and Development are hampered due to restrictive
regulations and can delay the implementations of these programs and projects. Like for example,
the procurement processes adopted by the government on the equipments and materials needed
for research. With this practice, the procurement of consumables and equipments for research is
very slow and complex; thus, decreasing the productivity for research, speed to market of the
changes or innovations and the potentials for publication.
To add, the grants of the government for research do not remunerate the universities for
the faculty members’ salary on their research activities. The last factor that can contribute to the
weak performance on the innovation of science and technology is the inadequate infrastructures
such as testing and laboratory facilities as well as Research and Development centers.
There are many hubs existing today that need to be upgraded so as to make better their
services to their stakeholders. Institutions in the public sector failed in providing the young
Filipino researchers with equipment package especially those returning to the Philippines after
finishing their Ph D studies abroad where they have learned advanced agenda on researches. The
main research institutions in our country are concentrated in the Luzon areas.
Importance of Science & Technology in our Daily Life
Now that we are in the digital age, everything we used is a gift given to us by science and
technology. Regardless of what we used whether it is a Smartphone, vehicles, wheel, fan, air
conditioner, paper, cloth, toothbrush, microwave, electricity, television, radio, laptops and other
gadgets are all the result of the development in science and technology. Hence, these things are
very significant to all of us now. In what ways?
1. It can support us saving our money and time. Science gave us the understanding and
awareness that why we baked cake or steamed foods, technology has introduced to us
the microwave ovens and the steam cookers.
2. In education, there are great contributions of science and technology in the sense that
through science we can have the understanding of important matters to study and
technology here had made our learning easy because it has provided us with online
classes through different platforms, e-libraries, multimedia e-books and many more.
3. Information technology which includes the internet is the best gift technology has
given to us. Aside from getting knowledge about science and technology, information
technology can make us connected continuously with our family, relatives and friends
from different parts of the globe.
4. Through science and technology, life becomes easy because of the different devices
for quick cooking, sleeping and fast and easy commutes.
5. Science and technology can also help us a comfortable and better life. The
contribution of science on health is accessible to everybody especially our medical
practitioners for the prescriptions of the accurate and effective medicines for different
chronic diseases. The X-ray machines, scan machines, ultrasound, pacemaker,
operation devices etc are very helpful in detecting the illness we have. Easy access
online is also helpful such the different health apps, exercises, online doctors and
many more that can help us in maintaining and healthy body and having a healthy
life.
1. Reyes, Francisco (2012). "Historical Background of Science and Technology in the

Philippines". Science & Technology in Philippine Society. Manila: UST Publication.
2. Rodriguez, Socorro M. (2016). "The Early Years of Philippine Science and
Technology". Philippine science and technology: economic, political and social
events shaping their development. Quezon City: Giraffe Books. pp. 9–10. ISBN 978-
9718967287.
3. Cariño, Virginia S. (2013). "Science and Technology in the Philippines - Past to
Present". Philippine science and technology: time for bold moves. Diliman, Quezon
City: UP Center for Integrative and Development Studies in cooperation with the
University of the Philippines Press. ISBN 978-9718797082.
4. Librero, Aida R. (2010). Technology assessment for agriculture in the Philippines.
Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and
Development, Dept. of Science and Technology.
5. Ogena, Ester B.; Brawner, Filma G. (2015). Science Education in the Philippines:
Challenges for Development. Science Education Institute, National Academy of
Science and Technology, Center for Integrative Development Studies, University of
the Philippines. ISBN 978-9718600207.
6. Science, technology, and everyday culture in the Philippines. Institute of Philippine
Culture, Ateneo de Manila University. 2003.
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jICN2IKKJg&t=17s
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9li8S3L5p2Q
The Information Age (Gutenberg to Social Media)
Biodiversity and the Healthy Society
Genetically Modified Organisms: Science, Health, and Politics
Lesson 2
1. linked learned concepts to the development of the information age and its impact on
society
2. illustrated how the social media and the information age have impacted our lives
3. determined the interrelatedness of society, environment, and health
4. discussed the ethics and implications of Genetically Modified Organisms and

potential future impacts

4. Take the quiz
1. Explain the impact of the Information Age to the country.
2. In what way is biodiversity associated to healthy society?
3. Is the assessment on the area of safety of genetically modified foods the same as that
of conventional foods? Explain.
IV. Concept Notes
The Information Age (Gutenberg to Social Media)
In the year 1436, Johannes Gutenberg invented the Gutenberg press. This is a printing
press that has revolutionized China and later Europe. This press spreads literature to the people
in an efficient and durable way. It disseminates knowledge faster and wider that it was before
1436. With this, Gutenberg was given a credit as the ―Father of Printing.‖
This kind of printing press had helped Europe during the Dark Ages by accelerating
human progress for the reason that there is the launching of the global news network. The
literacy rates in the 1490s were very low because people can hardly gather paid readers to read
the latest news--- most of these are from indecent scandals to reports of war. But the press has
radically changed the daily news.
The Renaissance period had leave off with high gear because the printing press has
increased sharing and rediscovery of knowledge. If prior to this, only the wealthiest elites have
access to information, with the Gutenberg press information is made available even in libraries
of medium sized towns and even in the houses of wealthy businessmen.
With the Gutenberg Press, Martin Luther became the bestselling author on his translation
into German language of the New Testament. Luther’s campaign against trading indulgences had
concurred with the boom of the printing press in the European continent.
With the ability of the press to publish as well as share experimental data and scientific
findings to wide audience, this makes science forward especially in the 16 th century as well as in
the 17th century. Nicolaus Copernicus, a Polish astronomer, does not only depend on his
heavenly observations but he also relied on the imprint astronomical tables of the planetary
movements. Hence, printing press empowers scientific revolution.
Books of philosophers like John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau and Voltaire were
commonly read during the Enlightenment period. Their upgrade of the critical reasoning over
customs and traditions had inspired people from questioning religious authorities and personal
liberty. Through printing of books, public opinion had been the dominant power that cannot
withstand in Europe. People hope that these enlightened ideas of the philosophers can bring
greatest good and those tyrants can be trembled due to the people’s cry that can be heard in
public places and had awakened these tyrants from their slumbers.
Gutenberg’s Revolution of the 15th century had disturbed many aspects from the
government and the Church. The effect of the Gutenberg press has created extraordinary
government, cultural and social revolution because books, printed works, posters, tracts; papers
had given a rise to the Renaissance period in Europe.
Presently, social media is transforming the ideas of what is real news or fake news. There
are different platforms used. Most common are Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Instagram and
many more. In the United Kingdom and even globally the most trusted are The Guardian, BBC
and The Independent.
Moving forward, Cyber Revolution has great effects on the press and other traditional
publishers. Apple, Google and the social media can now question the quality journalism and
news. With the increase readiness, new and different sources of information came out and
algorithms are used so that users and visitors can have the latest information. This includes all
kinds of information from newspapers down to blogs. Press freedom is now subject to
restrictions because of the law on defamation, the Cyber crime Law and the copyright law.
Biodiversity and the Healthy Society
Biodiversity is the different life on earth. It measures the different species, genetic and
ecosystem level. It plays a very important role to the nutrition of the individuals through the food
production as it guarantees the long lasting productive capacity of soils and gives livestock,
crops and fisheries to be harvested as foods. By obtaining goods that biodiversity can provide to
us, the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity can give notable benefits to our health.
Hence, if the environment is unhealthy and has no capacity to support life then the human
population cannot exist.
Healthy biodiversity can offer these services:

1. Protect our water resources
2. Protect our soil
3. Recycle nutrients
4. Contribute stable climate
5. Maintain our ecosystems
6. Recover unpredicted events
7. Solve pollution.
Land use and habitat have great effect on the ecosystems’ biodiversity. On the other
hand, pollution and climate change can greatly destroy the different aspects of biodiversity. It is
necessary that we must have a healthy ecosystem because it can purify air, clean water, maintain
soil, recycle nutrients, regulate climate and provide healthy foods. This means that biodiversity is
the answer for a healthy ecosystem.
Protecting our environment can lessen destruction of our ecosystem. Man made activities
can destroy our ecosystem such as pollution in the land, water and air, global warming,
greenhouse effect, smog, deforestation, acid rain, wildfires and other environmental issues faced
by the countries today.
So to protect biodiversity, we need the following
1. Government legislation protecting habitats within the country. Laws that can protect our
environment from man-made activities
2. Government regulation on nature preserves such as the national parks
3. Reducing invasive species. Therefore, checking of invasive species must be made before
they are offloaded in the country.
4. Restoring habitat. This restoration project can be made by the national or local
governments and by nongovernment organizations.
5. Seed banks and captive breeding. Seed banks are zones where there is greater number of
stored pant seeds. These banks can grow saved seeds and can be reintroduced again to its habitat.
On the other hand, a captive breeding is one where confined animals are bred. It can also provide
an opportunity for animals to increase its population so that they can be introduced again to the
wild.
6. Researching different species in order to reduce those animals moving with long
distances.
7. Reducing climate changes. Climate changes have disastrous effects to living things.
Fossil fuels are widely used in large amount and we know that his can cause directly climate
changes. Considering these disastrous effects, instead we have to use alternative sources of
energy and sustainable or natural products. This requires a worldwide effort to reduce effects of
climate changes.
8. Purchasing sustainable products. It is our primary responsibility to purchase and take the
products which are processed in a sustainable way.
9. We must have a sustainable living. Choosing anything to do every day is sustainable
living and this can lessen the quantity of materials we use.
10. Education. This includes learning and making us aware on the significance of conserving
biodiversity. Thus, we can influence the government for a better environmental protection to the
effect that our government can pass laws to protect our environment.
Science and technology play an important role in the conservation of biodiversity. With
science, we can understand the streaming effects of pollution in our ecosystem, the problems
brought about by toxins in food and other similar problems. On the other hand, sustainable
technology can also conserve biology such as biodegradable packaging, renewable energy and
recycle products. These can greatly influence in the reduction of environmental issues.
Genetically Modified Organisms: Science, Health, and Politics
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are those with DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
modified or altered by genetic engineering. These organisms have been changed with DNA
arising out of another organism such as animal or plant virus and bacterium which are called
transgenic organisms.
GMOs are essential source of medicines. Modified plants can help protecting crops
because they can resist to specific pests, insects or diseases or herbicide resistance or
environmental conditions which can ensure more production of foods. These modified plants can
also increase plants’ nutritional value as in golden rice.
Familiar GMOs are alfafa, canola, cotton, corn, potato, papaya, sugar beet and soya.
These crops can enhance and increase farm production; reduce use of insecticides or toxic
pesticides. The only disadvantage is that it can disorganize the gene flow’s natural procedure.
1. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political and Social Events Shaping
Their Development (Socorro M. Rodriguez, 2016)
2. Germ Catcher (David J. Ecker, Scientific American, 2014)
3. Physics of the Future: How science will shape human destiny and our daily lives by the
year 2100 (Michio Kaku, Doubleday, 2011)
4. Article: ―The politics of golden Rice‖ (Dubock, Adrian GM Crops & Food. JulSep2014,
Vol5 Issue 3 p 210-222 13p.)
5. Article: ―Ethics in Research with Vulnerable Populations and Emerging Countries: The
Golden Rice Case.‖ (Duguet, Anne Marie et. al., Journal of International Law and
Commercial Regulations. Summer 2013, Vol. 38 Issue 4, p979-1013, 35p) Agroecology:
What it is and what it has to offer? Is this the future of farming?
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57X49fmC0qg
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RfR6mtJqZ_Y
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TmcXYp8xu4
Peer Work (L1)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Is science and technology agenda very vital to the growth of the Philippine
economy?
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2. In your opinion, is science and technology necessary for the improvement of

business production?
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3. Identify 2 areas in your life where science and technology had played an
important role. Explain.
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Quiz (L1)
1. Without science and technology innovation, the Philippines will not be competitive.
2. With science and technology development, the Philippines will continue to suffer great
damage from environmental degradation, natural disasters and climate change.
3. Without science and technology development, the Philippines will continue to be poor.
4. In order that the Philippines will be forward to development, we need a nature-inspired
and a science-based program, which requires the commitments and effort from the
leaders of our country.
5. With the development of science and technology, there is efficiency, innovation and
improvement of product quality and productivity of the manufacturing sector.
6. We need science and technology in every phase of the individuals’ life.
7. With science and technology, the Filipino medical practitioners/doctors can easily detect
patient’s sickness.
8. Science has made significant contributions in health by providing treatment for various
chronic diseases.
9. Contributions of science and technology have helped us save money and time.
10. The center of how science and technology bestows to society is the acquisition of new
knowledge, and then the utilization of that knowledge to improve the welfare of human
lives, and to solve the different issues that are facing the society today.
Activity (L1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jICN2IKKJg&t=17s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9li8S3L5p2Q


100 Total
15 Points
25 Points 15 Points
comprehend
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Explain the impact of the Information Age to the country.

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2. In what way is biodiversity associated to healthy society?

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3. Is the assessment on the area of safety of genetically modified foods the same as that
of conventional foods? Explain.
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Quiz (L2)
1. Internet is the magnificent contribution of technology to the society.
2. Ecosystem services are contributions to the stability of the climate.
3. It is essential to preserve our ecosystem.
4. Pollution has negative impact on our environment
5. The keeping up of inefficient pumping of greenhouse gases into the environment gives a negative
effect to our environment.
6. The misjudgment of the ecosystem services is one of the primary causes underlying the
present biodiversity crisis.
7. A healthy environment is usually tied up to the individual’s economic choices.
8. It is a political challenge to address the main shortcomings in the country’s economic

systems.
9. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) provide certain advantages to both the

producers and consumers.
10. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are predominant origins of medicine.

Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57X49fmC0qg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RfR6mtJqZ_Y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TmcXYp8xu4


100 Total
15 Points
25 Points 15 Points
comprehend
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Written Test
Name _____________________________________________ Program and

Year___________________
_________________
Essay Topic:
We are now in the Digital Age where there are different gadgets, the use of social media
and the internet. Are these important to us today? Support your discussion with at least 3 related
literatures. Document your reference properly. Use APA 6th ed. In formatting your essay and
writing the reference list.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Performance Task

What factors affect the country's biodiversity? Explain how these factors affect biodiversity.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Learning Module
in
Module 4 of 4
Course Description:
2013)
Outcomes
Knowledge
building
in general
Values
Skills
of climate change
course

society
nation-building
society in general
directed learning.
Course Requirements
1. Quizzes - 10%
2. Activities - 10%
3. Peer Work - 5%
4. Reflection - 5%
5. Written Test/ FinalExam - 20%
7. Pre-Final Grade - 10%
7. Recitation - 10%
8. Pre-Final Grade - 20%
Table of Contents
Lesson 1- Nano World, Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM), Advantages of Scanning Probe
Microscopy, Disadvantages of Scanning Probe Microscopy, How a scanning probe microscopy
works, Technological Evolution of SPM, AFM/Atomic force microscopy or SFM/ scanning
force microscopy, Abilities of AFM/ Atomic Force Microscope. Advantages of AFM,
Disadvantages of AFM

Instructions
Concept Notes
Lesson 2- Stem Cells or Gene Therapy, Climate Change, Global Warming, Greenhouse Effect,
O-tech Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Instructions
Concept Notes
Peer Work (L1)

Quiz (L1)
Activity (L1)
Reflection (L1)
Peer Work ( L2)

Quiz (L2)
Activity (L2)
Reflection (L2)
Written Test
Performance Task
Nano World
Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM)
Advantages of Scanning Probe Microscopy
Disadvantages of Scanning Probe Microscopy
How a scanning probe microscopy works
Technological Evolution of SPM
AFM/ Atomic force microscopy or SFM/scanning force microscopy
Abilities of AFM/Atomic Force Microscope
Advantages of AFM
Lesson 1
1. discussed the major impacts (both potential and realized} of nanotechnology on society
2. analyzed the issue through the conceptual STS lenses
3. critiqued the issue on its costs and benefits to society

4. Take the quiz
1. What is the future of the world with Nano technology?
2. How does Nano technology differ from other technologies?
3. Will the world be in danger with Nano technology?

IV. Concept Notes
Nano World
The Nano World is a worldwide market for giving tips especially for the SPM or the
Atomic Force Microscopy and the AFM or the Atomic Force Microscopy. The AFM or Atomic
Force Microscopy is an instrument used in nano technology and nano science. The users of this
SPM are the researchers and the high tech industries. With the use of the SPM, the users can
make an investigation of any kind of materials in its atomic scale. The AFM or the Atomic Force
Microscopy helps the scientists in scanning the surface point to point in its atomic scale. The
uniform high quality analysis of these scanners is very important to have productive results.
Mr. Manfred Detterbeck is the CEO of this Nano technology. He is an engineer by
profession but gained a Masters degree in Business and Engineering. He invested his capital in
2000 and founded the Nano World. This company collaborates with various agencies and
entities such as the Institute of Micro Engineering which is one of the 2 Swiss Federal Institutes
of Technology, the CSEM (Swiss Center of Electronics and Micro technology and the University
of Neuchâtel.
It was in 2002, when Detterbeck had his company obtained a trademark and its
technology from the Nano sensors company. This company now is now the big producer in the
AFM industry. This company is in the top three companies engaged in Nano technology and has
gained global reputation due to these inventions--- the Scanning Probe Microscopy and the
Atomic Force Microscopy. Moreover, the Nano World is confirmed by the industry and market
research experts as the leader in the global market for SPM and AFM.
The Nano World’s AFM probes can cover even the full range of the AFM and the SPM
applications. This AFM probes are now used in industries like the semi conductor industries. It is
also used in the different researches of material science, life science, physics and biology.
Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM)

The scanning probe microscopy or SPM is part of the study of microscopy that
configures the image of the surfaces with the use of the physical probe that examines the
specimen. In 1981, the first scanning tunneling microscope was used through the experiment
done by Binnig and Rohrer to take an image of the surface in its atomic level. It was successful
because they have used the feedback loop for the purpose of regulating the gap in the distance
between the probe and the sample.
Although there are several scanning probe microscopy that can take an image of various
interactions simultaneously, each of this varies in the techniques which can result to an
impressive and spectacular atomic resolution. This is because of the so-called piezoelectric
actuators which can carry out motions with accuracy and precision at its atomic level or
electronic command. This technique is known as the piezoelectric technique. The other
denominator is on how the data is obtained. Some scanning probe microscopy obtained data
from the computer image which is visualize in false colors and this is possible because of the two
dimensional grid used.
Advantages of Scanning Probe Microscopy
SPM or Scanning Probe Microscopy can give researchers a larger variation of specimen
viewing environment with the use of the same microscope and the same specimen which can
also reduce the time that is required for preparation and study of these specimens.
The SPM can produce highly magnified images in a three dimensional shape of the
specimen in the real time. It uses a delicate a fragile probe in order that the surface of the
specimen can be scanned and can eliminate the limitations found in the light microscopy as well
as in its electrons. It includes technologies to take image and measure the surfaces in its fine
scale even down to the group of atom or molecular level.
This is the image of the Scanning Probe Microscopy
Disadvantages of Scanning Probe Microscopy
One of the disadvantage of the Scanning Probe Microscopy is that the image it produced
is not colored but in grayscale or black and white which can exaggerate the actual size and shape
of the specimen.
But to make up this disadvantage, computers are used in order to produce the real color,
size and shape, the interaction within the structure of the cell, the harmonic responses and the
magnetic energy of the image in a real time
How a scanning probe microscopy works
SPM is one of the tools popularized by the Nano World in order to take images of the
atoms in a nano scale surface and structure. This SPM uses physical probe in order to scan from
side to side, in and out or to and fro in the sample’s surface. It is through this scanning process
that data are gathered by the computer.
In scanning, the SPM works differently from the optical microscopes since the viewer
does not view directly the surface but it is the image represented by the surface’ structure. This
SPM is powerful and has a high resolution even up to its nano scale.
The SPM at the end of its cantilever has a sharp probe tip which is needed in scanning the
specimen’s surface. That tip moves to and fro but in a controlled manner and there is a
possibility of moving the probe atom by atom.
The force can divert the cantilever whenever the tip can get close the sample’s surface
and this can be evaluated by the laser shown from the cantilever towards the photodiodes. Other
forces that can make this diversion are the mechanical, magnetic, electrostatic, chemical bonds
and the capillary forces.
The data taken from the reflection of the laser which was detected by the photodiodes can
give an image in the computer. Although the image feed is without color or it is with light color,
through the computer programs they are given colors in order to assist in making the difference
in the various properties of the sample or specimen.
Technological Evolution of SPM
To improve or expand the abilities of the SPM, innovations will include better
observation and processing equipment as well as an upgraded data analysis. In addition,
technological innovation of this equipment includes the DNA, micro manipulations of the
molecules, organic and biological specimens with the use of this precision instrument in order to
help the medical profession treat diseases, manufacturing industries producing goods and the
new methods to be used in astronomy, energy and physics.
The use of this precision instrument has improved researches in many ways such as the
inventions of the various microscopes which could improve the world. So, these specialized
instruments can be used accurately for research and development. As a whole, this field of Nano
technology can be interesting.
AFM /Atomic force microscopy or SFM/ scanning force microscopy
The AFM or atomic force microscopy or otherwise known as the SFM or scanning probe
microscopy is a scanning probe microscopy with a very high resolution, It can even demonstrates
a resolution in fractions of a nano meter even 1000 times or more that optical microscope. It can
do precise scanning because of piezoelectric elements which can make it easier to view tiny
particles and its precise and accurate movements.
Abilities of AFM/ Atomic Force Microscope
The Atomic Force Microscope has these abilities: imaging, force measurement and
manipulation. In imaging, the reaction of what is examined to the sample’s forces can form an
image in a 3dimensional shape with high resolution. The terrain of the surface is normally
displayed as pseudo color plot.
For force measurement, the AFM can calculate the forces between the sample and the
probe for separation. It is also applicable in the measurement of the mechanical properties in the
sample to determine whether it is stiff or not or there is an adhesion strength or to measure its
electrical properties.
For manipulation, there can be change in the sample’s properties but in a controlled way.
This includes the manipulation of atoms, the cells’ local stimulation and probe lithography
scanning.
Advantages of AFM
It is more advantageous to use the AFM compared with the SEM or the scanning electron
microscope for the following reasons:
1. The AFM can give a 3 dimensional shape of an image and its surface profile while
the scanning electron microscope can only give a 2 dimensional image of the
samples.
2. The samples viewed using the AFM, needs no special treatment such as carbon or
metal coating and it can even work in a liquid environment while in the SEM
requires expensive vacuum environments in order that it can operate properly.
3. AFM gives higher resolution than SEM. AFM’s resolution is, therefore, can be
comparable with the transmission electron microscope and the scanning tunneling
microscope.
The disadvantages of the AFM can be focused on the maximum scanning area and its
limitations.
The AFM can get an image in a maximum height of 10-20 micrometers and its maximum
scanning area is 150x150 micrometers. This is a disadvantage because the scanning electron
microscope or the SEM can have a scanning area of square millimeters and its depth also in
millimeters.
The AFM is not as fast in scanning as the SEM. The AFM cannot scan in real time
because it takes minutes for it to do the scanning. Hence, the AFM has a very slow rate of
scanning which makes it inaccurate to measure the distances between the areas of the image. In
order to remove the malformation of the image due to thermal drift, several methods can be used
such as the videoAFM.
The images scanned by the AFM can be affected by the magnetic circuit of piezoelectric
materials and this requires software filtering and enhancement. But the newer AFMs can use
closed loop scanners in order to eliminate cross talk problems.
Lastly, the AFM cannot measure the overhangs or steep walls. Because of its cantilevers
which are specially made, the AFM can be utilized to modulate he probes up and down or
sideways in order to calculate sidewalls.
1. ―Nanoethics: The ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology‖ (Patrick Lin and
Fritz Allhoff, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 2007)
2. ―Environmental Impacts of Nanotechnology and Its Products‖ (Zhang et. Al Proceedings
of the 2011 Midwest Section Conference of the American Society for Engineering
Education, 2011)
3. Ppt: Can we build a culture of science through nanotechnology? By Fabian M. Dayrit
(2013)
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIXAzDANmKw
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAOFpgocfrg
Stem Cells or Gene Therapy
Climate Change
Global Warming
Greenhouse Effect
Lesson 2
1. described gene therapy and its various forms
2. assessed the issue’s potential benefits and detriments to global health
3. identified the causes of climate change
4. assessed the various impacts of climate change including economic, geopolitical,

biological, meteorological, etc.
5. applied STS concepts to the issue of climate change

4. Take the quiz
1. Is stem cell safe to use? Explain.
2. Compare and contrast global warming, greenhouse effect and climate change?
3. How do O-tech or Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion works?

IV. Concept Notes
Stem Cells or Gene therapy
Stem cells or gene therapy is an offer to cure, treat or prevent diseases by transforming
the pattern of the expressions of genes. Although there are several clinical trials that have been
made, still it is experimental. This therapy can be aimed to germ or somatic cells; the common
vectors of these are the viruses.
Gene therapy is risky because the immune system might not be responsive to the gene
copy inserted and this may cause inflammation. This is because the gene was inserted in the
wrong spot. This may cause health problems, damage of healthy cells, can cause cancer and
other diseases. .
The side effects of gene therapy include fever, drop of blood pressure, severe chills or
rigors, nausea, headache and vomiting. These symptoms can be solved in 24 to 48 hours from
insertion; otherwise, it can produce negative effects.
ADA or Adenosine deaminase deficiency is an immune disorder that can be cured by

gene therapy. Other diseases that can be cured by gene therapy are AIDS, heart disease and
cancer. Once cured, then these persons can live a normal life.
Climate Change
Climate change is the change in the rainfall and temperature in the region. This climate
change also includes global warming which are caused by the emission of greenhouse gasses;
thus, resulting weather changes.
There is climate change when there are increases in the sea level, loss of ice mass in
Antarctica, Greenland, the Arctic as well as the mountain glaciers around the world. There is also
a maximal weather event.
It is the activities of the individuals that can cause this climate change such as the burning
of fuel fossils, forest degradation and converting forest lands to farm lands. These acts of the
individuals can bring negative effects to us because it can result to climate changes due to
wildfires, increase heat insect outbreaks and drought. Thus, it can bring negative effects in our
water supplies, food production and our health.
Global Warming
In global warming, there is an increase in the temperature of the earth’s surface because
of greenhouse gases like the emission of carbon dioxide from the fuels of burning fossil or from
the deforestation which prevent the heat supposed to get out from the earth. This is the so-called
greenhouse effect.
The climate of the earth is determined by the first 6 miles of the atmosphere. This is a
thin layer. This is as thin as the skin of an onion.
Greenhouse Effect
Greenhouse effect is the procedure by which emission from the atmosphere of the planet
can warm its surface to a normal temperature of the earth. If there are radioactive gasses, they
will discharge the heat to all directions. Part of it is the earth’s surface warming it.
The natural effect of the greenhouse gases is vital to the supporting life. The activities of
men like burning fossil fuels and deforestation can cause global warming and the greenhouse
effect.
Simply, this greenhouse effect arises when sunlight passes through the glass where the
airflow is reduced and the warm is kept inside.
OTEC or ocean thermal energy conversion is a kind of technology used in producing

energy by controlling the differences in the thermal gradients between the deep waters and the
surface waters in the ocean.
OTEC can also produce electricity. This is the reason why OTEC is the best alternative
source of energy. OTEC uses the warm surface water of the ocean with a 25 degrees centigrade
in order to vaporize the working fluid. The vapor can expand and spin a turbine attached to the
generator in order to produce electricity.
OTEC can produce a clean friendly environmentally renewable energy. It produces

electricity but not the coming from the greenhouse gasses emissions. Although the foregoing are
the advantages of the OTEC yet it has also disadvantages. These are: the device installation and
the power plant maintenance are costly, there are aquatic ecosystem disruptions and the plant
cannot be constructed in non tropical locations because the plant requires a continual supply of
cold and warm water.
1. Youtube: Science Friction: Stem Cell Research

2. TEDTalk: Susan Lim on ―Transplant Cells Not Organs‖
3. TED Talk: Juan Enriquez on ―the Next Species of Human‖
4. YouTube: or Book ―An inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency of Global
Warming and What we can Do About It‖ (Al Gore)
5. Book: ―The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change‖ (Al Gore)
6. Report: ― Changing the Atmosphere: Anthropology and Climate Change‖ (NCAR)
7. BUHOS: A Climate Change Documentary by Loren Legarda
8. Article: ― The Tragedy of the Commons‖ by Garrett Hardin
9. Article: ―Scientists tackle mystery of thunderstorms that strike at night‖ (NCAR) \
10. Article: ―Reigning in the Weather‖ (Webster, Donovan, Discover, 02747529.
Jun2008, Vol. 29, Issue 6)
11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6UdOk9a--I
12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJV4d4XtHuo
Peer Work (L1)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. What is the future of the world with Nano technology?

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2. How does Nano technology differ from other technologies?
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3. Will the world be in danger with Nano technology?

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Quiz (L1)
1. The word ―nano‖ means invisible.
2. Nanoscience and nanotechnology presuppose the capacity to control and to see individual
molecules and atoms.
3. The microscopes that are needed to recognized things at the nanoscale were the optical
microscopes.
4. The nano technology includes both concepts and current work that are more advanced.
5. Materials lessened to the nanoscale can reveal distinct properties in contrast with what
they reveal on a macro scale, validating unique applications.
6. Atomic force microscope tips are used as a nanoscale "write head" to remove materials in
a top down method.
7. The dimensionality played in nano material includes chemical, physical and biological
materials.
8. Scanning probe microscope is used both for synthesis and characterization of nano
materials.
9. Atomic force microscopes and scanning tunneling microscopes can be utilized to focus at
surfaces and make a move on atoms around.
10. Nanotechnology has the ability to create existing medical applications easier and cheaper
to be utilized in places such as the general practitioner's home and office.
Activity (L1)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIXAzDANmKw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAOFpgocfrg


100 Total
15 Points
25 Points 15 Points
comprehend
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L1)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Peer Work (L2)
Name of peer ________________________________________________________
1. Is stem cell safe to use? Explain.

______________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
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2. Compare and contrast global warming, greenhouse effect and climate change?
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1. How do O-tech or Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion works?

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Quiz (L2)
1. Gene therapy is currently being tested only for diseases with no cure.
2. Gene therapy is intentionally meant to initiate genetic materials into cells in order to
compensate the abnormal genes or to build beneficial protein.
3. Scientists must discover better ways to carry genes to its targeted cells.
4. Climate change is caused by human beings.
5. Deforestation and burning of fossil fuels led to swift global warming and the increase of
greenhouse gases in the air space.
6. It is warmer if there is more carbon dioxide in the air space.
7. Increase in temperatures from caused greenhouse gas emissions caused by human

activities affect the systems of the earth in many ways.
8. On average, most of Earth’s mountain glaciers are continuing to melt.

9. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion or O-Tech is one of the accessible resources of
renewable energy that can contribute to a base load supply of power.
10. The possibility of resources for O-Tech or Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
contemplates a larger source than other forms of ocean energy.
Activity (L2)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6UdOk9a--I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJV4d4XtHuo


100 Total
15 Points
25 Points 15 Points
comprehend
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Reflection (L2)
more.
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improvement)? Why?
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Written Test
Name _____________________________________________ Program and

Year___________________
_________________
Essay Topic:
Are nano technologies important to our economy? Support your discussion with at least 3
related literatures. Document your reference properly. Use APA 6 th ed. In formatting your essay
and writing the reference list.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL
Performance Task

Explain why the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion is the best alternative source of energy.
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Essay Rubric


100 Total
15 Points
15 Points
15 Points
incomprehensible
15 Points
TOTAL

Module STS 1 (Science Technology and Society)

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Module STS 1 (Science Technology and Society)

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Learning Module for Flexible Learning System

STS 1 (Science, Technology and Society)

MALYN I. VILLANUEVA, Ph. D, MPA, Ll. M, Ll. B,

Course Title: Science, Technology, and Society

No. of Units: 3 units

At the end of the course, the learners should be able to:

Introduction to the Module

Friday Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Friday

Lesson 1- Historical Background and General Concepts, Historical Background, Historical

Intended Learning Outcomes

Lesson 2- Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society, Intellectual Revolution, Copernican

Intended Learning Outcomes

1. Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, the students should have:

 defined science and technology;

II. General Instructions

1. Read the guide questions

III. Guide Questions

Historical Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in Medieval and Modern

5. Development of complete studies of a medical historian and doctor Jose Rodrigo

Historical Analysis of the Interdependence of Science in the Philippines

Inside ( STS) Science, Technology and Society

Relationship of Science with Technology

Effect of Science and Technology to Society

Gadgets can Cause Radiation

Radiation brought about by Cellphones

Protecting Ourselves from Cell phone Radiation

For further readings, see the following references/link

1. Philosophy of Science (Encyclopedia) Scientific Progress, Scientific Revolutions

1. Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, the students should have:

1. articulated ways by which society is transformed by science and technology.

II. General Instructions

1. Read the guide questions

III. Guide Questions

2. Give the effects of science to the society.

3. Explain how the intellectual revolution can change the society.

IV. Concept Notes

Copernican Intellectual Revolution

Darwinian Intellectual Revolution

Freudian Intellectual Revolution

Information Theory as part of Intellectual Revolution

MesoAmerican Intellectual Revolution

The MesoAmerican intellectual revolution has greatly influenced the civilizations in

Asian Intellectual Revolution

Technological Development in Africa

For further readings, see the following references/links:

Name of peer ________________________________________________________

2. Explain the usefulness of technologies to human life.

3. Are there bad effects of technology to us? Explain.

4. The impact of technology to the community is better hygiene and health.

5. Imperfect sitting posture is a negative effect of the technology.

7. All cell phones deliver the highest end radiation.

9. Radio Frequency (RF) waves can damage DNA.

Click these links and watch the videos

The answers to the questions are rated as follows:

Criteria Performance Level Score

Here are the questions:

1. What top 3 things you have learned from this lesson?

4. What are your difficulties in this lesson?

Name of peer ________________________________________________________________

2. Give the effects of science to the society.

3. Explain how the intellectual revolution can change the society.

Name ___________________________ Course and Year _