South Asia Name:

SAN1 Mr.Smith’s Class Global History and Geography 9

The First Civilizations of South Asia Form

I. Earliest Civilization of the Indus River Valley

in present day _____________, along the _________River, the earliest
South Asian ______________________ formed around 2600BC
historians sometimes call this "____________________ civilization"
the cities of _______________and _______________were found along the Indus
this civilization was the ____________in the world at the time
there is evidence of well-planned cities with streets laid out in a _______
and use of building materials included __________of uniform size
these cities contained ____________________ for storing grain surpluses and
___________________ (running water/sewage systems)
there are few __________of this time period and Harappan/Mohenjo-Daro were
not unearthed by archaeologists until about ______years ago
evidence suggests that the Harappans were __________, but some of their ideas
Harappan artifacts
may influenced ______________later on(such as an apparent reverence for cows)
the Harappans appeared to have traded with the ____________of Mesopotamia
around 1900BC the civilization _____________and historians are unsure
why(different theories include an earthquake, exhausting of natural resources(trees)
or a massive flood)

II. The Aryans Arrive

between 2000 and 1500BC, waves of __________________invaders known as
the _________ migrated into in South Asia using the _________Pass through the
Hindu Kush Mountains
unlike the Harappans, the Aryans were not _____-builders but, after settling down
and learning farming, they lived in farming ________across the Indo-Gangetic Plain
Aryan tribes were led by warrior-chiefs called "__________"
most of our knowledge of the Aryans comes from the __________, a collection of
verses(poems and hymns) that describe their way of life and beliefs
the Vedas were not __________________for 1,000 years but were handed
down _______
these __________ later became part of the __________religion
sometimes this era of Aryan civilization is thus called "____________________"
Aryan Warrior the Aryans organized their society into a strict social order known as the
________system(see diagram on the back of this page):
this system defined roles within society and did not allow for social __________
as __________emerged, the caste system became part of its religious doctrine
and an integral part of ______________society

The Caste System

 priests

warriors/rulers

landowners, merchants and herders,

skilled workers

non- servants and peasants/unskilled workers

Aryans
exist outside of the caste system(outcasts and socially
shunned)-literally not supposed to be touched