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ADSORPTION
By SYEDA MARYAM HASSNY
 DEFINITION
ABSORPTION ADSORPTION
 The process by which  The process in which there
one substance takes up is adhesion of atoms , ions or
another substance through molecules from a gas , liquid
minute pores or spaces or dissolved solid to surface
between them  involves the surface
 involves the whole area of material
volume of material
ADSORBATE
The substance that
gets adsorbed on to
the surface
ADSORBENT
The substance on the
surface of which
adsorption takes
place

EXAMPLE
If a gas is adsorbed
onto the surface of
the solid , then the
gas is termed as
ADSORBATE and
the solid is termed as
ADSORBENT
ABSORBENT
A material having ABSORBENT ABSORBATE
capacity or ABSORBENT
tendency to ABSORBATE
absorb another
substance
ABSORBATE
A material that
has been or is
capable of being
absorbed
ADSORPTION - Vs - ABSORPTION
 ADSORPTION ABSORPTION
 PHENOMENON  PHENOMENON
It is a surface phenomenon It is a bulk phenomenon
 HEAT EXCHANGE  HEAT EXCHANGE
It is exothermic reaction It is Endothermic reaction
 TEMPRATURE  TEMPRATURE
It is favored by low temp. It is generally not affected by
 RATE OF REACTION temp.
It is steadily increases and  RATE OF REACTION
reaches equilibrium It occurs at uniform rate
 CONCENTRATION  CONCENTRATION
Concentration on the It is same throughout the
surface of adsorbent is material
different from that in bulk
 ADSORPTION
 PROCESS
It is sorption process.
The process is sill unclear.
Adsorption is generally
classified into physisorption
(weak Vander wall forces )
and chemisorption (
covalent bond).It can also be
caused by electrostatic
attraction .
The molecules are held on
the surface of the adsorbent
and can be removed.
ABSORPTION
 PROCESS
It is sorption process
occurs when atoms passes
through or enter bulky
material .
During it molecules are
entirely dissolved or diffused
in the absorbent to form a
solution .
Once the molecules are
absorbed ,it become difficult
to separate it from absorbent
ABSORPTION ADSORPTION
 TYPES OF ADSORPTION

PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
ADSORPTION ADSORPTION

TYPES OF ABSORPTION

PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
ABSORPTION ABSORPTION
 CHEMICAL
PHYSICAL ADSORPTION
ADSORPTION
Caused by chemical bond
Caused by intermolecular forces
formation

Heat of adsorption is small Heat of adsorption is large

Decrease with increase in Increase with increase in

temperature temperature

Increase with pressure increase Change of pressure has no effect

Forms multimolecular layer Forms unimolecular layer

CHEMICAL PHYSICAL
ABSORPTION ABSORPTION
 Chemical  Physical absorption
absorption is a is in which the
chemical reaction absorbent and
between absorbed absorbate develops
and the absorbing weak Vander wall
substance force and it can be
reversible
 FULLER’S EARTH
ALUMINA CREAM

EXAMPLES
OF
ADSORBENT
KOALIN ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
USES OF ADSORPTION
 In TREATMENT of
DIARRHEA
 In GAS MASK in adsorbing
ABNOXIOUS GASES
 In CLARIFICATION of
SUGAR
 In PAINT INDUSTRY
 In adsorption of EXCESSIVE
GAS in the
GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT and BACTERIAL
TOXIN
 COTTON ABSORBENT PULP

EXAMPLES
OF
ABSORBENT
GRANULAR
INDUSTRIAL ABSORBENT ABSORBENT POLYMER
USES OF ABSORPTION
Used in ABSORPTION
CHILLERS for SPACE
COOLING APPLICATION
Use in CLEAN BURNING of
FUELS
The process of gas absorption
by a liquid is used in
HYDROGENATION OF OILS
Used in CARBONATION