PE 112

PATHFIT MOVEMENT COMPETENCY TRAINING

LESSONS 2 AND 3
(INJURIES AND FIRST AID)

1. SPRAIN
Sprain happens when bands of tissues that connects bones (ligaments) over stretch.
Sprains commonly occur in the ankle.

2. STRAIN
Strain happens when there is an over stretching of a muscle or a tendon. The lower back
and the back of the thighs are the most prone to strains.
3. FRACTURES
Fracture happens when a bone breaks or cracks. There are two types of fractures. Open
fracture and close fracture. Open fracture is characterized by breaking or tearing of the
skin outside the fractured bone.

4. CRAMPS
When one or more muscles suddenly contract, cramps happen. It is nearly impossible to
move the affected muscle due to the pain it gives but it is generally harmless.
5. KNEE INJURY
Tears in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the common reason for knee injuries.
More serious knee injuries involve dislocations and fractures.

6. TENNIS ELBOW
Tennis elbow happens when the ligaments in the elbow are strained due to overuse.
7. ACHILLES TENDINITIS
Achilles Tendinitis happens when there is an overuse of the Achilles tendon. Since this
tendon not as hard as a bone, it has tears or breaks easily.

8. PLANTAR FASCIITIS
Plantar fasciitis happens when the plantar fascia is overused or is uncomfortably placed
due to accidents.
9. BACK INJURIES
Back injuries happen when the spine is damaged. It might be a serious injury since the
spine is connected to the brain.

10. HYPOTHERMIA
When the body loses heat faster, it produces hypothermia. Hypothermia happens when
there is a sudden decrease of body temperature (35 degrees C-below).
11. HYPERTHERMIA
Hyperthermia happens when there is an abnormal high body temperature due to
outside factors.

12. HYPERVENTILATION
Hyperventilation happens when there is an imbalance in taking in oxygen and breathing
out carbon dioxide.
13. CONCUSSION
Concussion happens when a sudden impact to the head causing the brain to lurch inside
the skull, sometimes damaging the tissues holding it in place. Concussion can be mild to
serious conditions.
FIRST AID POSTERS
ACTIVITY
1. Choose a specific injury.
2. Assume that you have been injured with the injury.
3. Apply the basic first aid for that injury.
4. Record yourself performing the first aid.
5. The video must not exceed to five minutes but at least 3
minutes.
6. Be creative.