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DFT Standards PDF
DFT Standards PDF
• NOTE 1 The correction value is applied once on every reading no matter if the
coating consists of a single layer or multiple layers.
• NOTE 2 For deviating surface profiles or in case of particular agreements between
the interested parties, a method for determining the correction value to be used is
given in Annex D.
ISO 19840 Acceptance/Rejection Criteria
• For the acceptance of an inspection area the following
criteria shall be fulfilled:
– a) The arithmetic mean of all the individual dry film thicknesses
shall be equal to or greater than the nominal dry film thickness
(NDFT);
– b) All individual dry film thicknesses shall be equal to or above
80 % of the NDFT;
– c) Individual dry film thicknesses between 80 % of the NDFT and
the NDFT are acceptable provided that the number of these
measurements is less than 20 % of the total number of
individual measurements taken;
– d) All individual dry film thicknesses shall be less than or equal
to the specified maximum dry film thickness. If it is not specified
see ISO 12944-5.
ISO 19840 Annexes
• Annex A (informative) Method based on adjusting the instrument to
known thicknesses on a rough surface
– This annex describes a method of measuring the dry film thickness of a
coating on an abrasive blast-cleaned or otherwise mechanically roughened
substrate based on adjusting the instrument to known thicknesses on a rough
surface representative of the surface to be measured.
• Annex B (informative) Multiple readings
– B.1 Multiple readings on a test area A circular surface of diameter 30 mm of
the inspection area is used as the test area, and multiple readings are taken
within this test area. If the number of readings is not specified in the contract
or specification, five individual readings (3.2) are taken. The
acceptance/rejection criterion is then based on the arithmetic mean of these
multiple readings; no significance is attached to any individual reading when
this annex is used.
– B.2 Number and distribution of test areas The number of test areas and their
distribution should be as given in Table 1 for inspection areas.
ISO 19840 Annexes
• Annex C (informative) Areas requiring special consideration
– Coating thickness gauges based on magnetic principles are affected by the
magnetic properties, the shape and the surface finish of the substrate under
test.
• Annex D (normative*) Determination of a specific correction value
– When a specific correction value is to be determined, proceed as follows:
– Adjust the instrument in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and
6.2. Check the adjustment for intermediate values following the
manufacturer's specification.
– Use the adjusted instrument on the blast-cleaned or otherwise roughened
surface to check a measured foil/shim of approximately 125 μm thickness (see
note). Using the foil/shim, take 10 measurements at different points on the
blast-cleaned or otherwise roughened surface and determine the arithmetic
mean value. From the mean value, subtract the known value of the foil
thickness. The value obtained is the correction value.
– NOTE The thickness of the foil/shim should not be less than 125 μm or greater
than 150 μm.
*Generically, it means relating to an ideal standard or model. In practice, it has strong connotations of relating
to a typical standard or model
ISO 19840 Annexes
• Annex E (informative) Example of a test
report form
• A
ASTM D 7091-05
• 5.5 Most electronic coating thickness-measuring gages can
be verified for accuracy using either traceable reference
stan- dards or measured non-metallic shims. Gage
operation should be verified on prepared, uncoated
substrate having the same composition, shape and surface
roughness to which the coating will be applied to, for the
intended range of use. If necessary, the gage should be
adjusted as described in 7.6 or 7.7. Gages that cannot be
adjusted by the user should be returned to the
manufacturer for calibration if the readings obtained on the
reference standards or shims are outside of the combined
accuracy of the standard/shim and the manufacturer’s
stated gage accuracy.
ASTM D 7091-05 Considerations
• 5.6 Type 2 gages should not be used on soft or tacky
coatings, as the pressure on the probe can indent the
coating yielding false low measurements, or coating
materials may contaminate the probe yielding false
high measurements. A shim (of known thickness) can
be placed on top of the soft/tacky coating film and a
measurement of the coating thickness obtained by
subtracting the shim thickness from the total
measurement of the shim and the coating. Note that
some Type 2 gages can be programmed to
automatically deduct the shim thickness (known as
“zero offset”).
ASTM D 7091-05 Considerations
• Type 2 gages may be sensitive (to some degree) to
substrate effects including, but not limited to edges,
corners and holes in the substrate, as well as substrate
thickness, curvature or conductivity, or both. In
general, the user should remain a minimum of 25 mm
(1 in.) from edges when measuring coating thickness,
unless the probe specification indicates otherwise.
• The manufacturer’s specifications will contain a
temperature operating range. Use of the gage or the
probe outside of this range may generate false coating
thickness measurements and may damage the
instrument.
ASTM D 7091-05 Considerations
• 7.1 Calibration of coating thickness gages is performed by
the equipment manufacturer, an authorized agent, or by an
authorized, trained calibration laboratory in a controlled
environment using a documented process.
• 7.2 Type 1 (magnetic pull-off) and Type 2 (electronic)
coating thickness gages should be verified for accuracy (and
adjusted if required and when possible) prior to, during and
after each period of use. Type 1 and Type 2 gages can be
verified for accuracy using coated/plated reference
standards or shims (see Note 5 and Appendix X1). The gage
should be verified for accuracy in the intended range of
use. Also, the probe should be examined for cleanliness
before verifying the accuracy and before obtaining coating
thickness measure- ments.
ASTM D 7091-05 Considerations
• 7.3 Verification of Accuracy of Type 1 Gages Using Coated/ Plated
Reference Standards—Type 1 coating thickness gages can be verified for
accuracy using traceable reference standards (for example, NIST4 Coating
Thickness Reference Standards) or proprietary reference standards
produced by coating thickness gage manufacturers. If the gage reading is
outside of the combined accuracy of the coating thickness standard (test
block) and the manufacturer’s stated gage accuracy, the instrument should
be returned to the manufacturer or authorized agency for calibration. Type
1 coating thickness gages should never be adjusted by the user.
– 7.3.1 For example, if the gage accuracy is +/-5 % and the standards accuracy is
+/-5 %, then the combined accuracy of the gage and the standard will be +/-7
% as given by the sum of the squares formula.
– 7.3.2 For the gage to be in agreement with the standard, the average
thickness measured by the gage must be within +/-7 % of the standard’s
thickness.
ASTM D 7091-05 Considerations
• 7.4 Verification of Accuracy of Type 1 Gages Using Shims—
Type 1 coating thickness gages may be verified for accuracy
using shims (see Note 5 and Appendix X1).
• 7.6 Verification of Accuracy of Type 2 Gages Using Coated/
Plated Reference Standards—Type 2 coating thickness
gages can be verified for accuracy using traceable reference
standards (for example, NIST Coating Thickness Reference
Standards)
• 7.7 Verification of Accuracy of Type 2 Gages Using Shims—
Type 2 coating thickness gages can be verified for accuracy
using shims. The shim(s) representing the intended range of
use should be placed onto the prepared, uncoated surface,
and a measurement taken.
ASTM D 7091-05 Frequency of Measurement