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INCOLOY® alloy 825 (UNS N08825/W.Nr. 2.4858) is a Table 2 - Physical Constants

nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additions of
molybdenum, copper, and titanium. The alloy’s
chemical composition, given in Table 1, is designed to
provide exceptional resistance to many corrosive
environments. The nickel content is sufficient for
resistance to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking. The
nickel, in conjunction with the molybdenum and
copper, also gives outstanding resistance to reducing
environments such as those containing sulfuric and
phosphoric acids. The molybdenum also aids resistance
to pitting and crevice corrosion. The alloy’s chromium
Density, lb/in3 .....................................................................0.294
Mg/m3 ....................................................................8.14
Melting Range, °F .....................................................2500-2550
°C .....................................................1370-1400
Specific Heat, Btu/lb•°F ....................................................0.105
J/kg•°C .........................................................440
Curie Temperature, °F .......................................................<-320
°C ......................................................<-196
Permeability at 200 oersted (15.9 kA/m)...........................1.005

INCOLOY alloy 825

content confers resistance to a variety of oxidizing
substances such as nitric acid, nitrates and oxidizing Table 3 - Thermal Properties
salt. The titanium addition serves, with an appropriate
heat treatment, to stabilize the alloy against Coefficient of Thermal Electrical
Temperature
sensitization to intergranular corrosion. Expansiona Conductivity Resistivity
The resistance of INCOLOY alloy 825 to general °F 10-6in/in•°F Btu-in/ft2•h•°F ohm•circ mil/ft
and localized corrosion under diverse conditions gives -250 - 55 -
the alloy broad usefulness. Applications include -200 - 59 -
chemical processing, pollution control, oil and gas
-100 - 66 -
recovery, acid production, pickling operations, nuclear
0 - 72.6 -
fuel reprocessing, and handling of radioactive wastes.
Applications for alloy 825 are similar to those for 78 - 76.8 678
INCOLOY alloy 020. 100 - 78.4 680
200 7.8 85.0 687
400 8.3 97.5 710
Table 1 - Limiting Chemical Composition, % of INCOLOY alloy 825
600 8.5 109.6 728
800 8.7 119.7 751
Nickel ..........................................................................38.0-46.0

®
1000 8.8 130.9 761
Iron...............................................................................22.0 min.
1200 9.1 141.8 762
Chromium....................................................................19.5-23.5
1400 9.5 154.9 765
Molybdenum ...................................................................2.5-3.5
1600 9.7 171.8 775
Copper ............................................................................1.5-3.0
1800 - 192.0 782
Titanium...........................................................................0.6-1.2
2000 - - 793
Carbon ........................................................................0.05 max.
°C µm/m•°C W/m•°C µΩ•m
Manganese ...................................................................1.0 max.
Sulfur ..........................................................................0.03 max. -150 - 7.9 -
Silicon ...........................................................................0.5 max. -100 - 8.9 -
Aluminum......................................................................0.2 max. 0 - 10.7 -
25 - 11.1 1.13
100 14.1 12.3 1.14
Physical Constants and Thermal 200 14.8 13.8 1.18
300 15.3 15.4 1.21
Properties 400 15.6 16.9 1.24
Some physical constants for INCOLOY alloy 825 are 500 15.8 18.2 1.26
listed in Table 2. Values for thermal expansion, thermal 600 16.0 19.6 1.27
conductivity, and electrical resistivity at various 700 16.7 21.2 1.27
temperatures are in Table 3. Modulus of elasticity and 800 17.3 23.1 1.28
Poisson’s ratio over a range of temperatures are given in 900 - 25.5 1.29
Table 4. Modulus values, which were determined 1000 - - 1.30
dynamically, were used to compute Poisson’s ratio. a
Mean coefficient of linear expansion between 80°F (27°C) and
temperature shown.
The data contained in this publication is for informational purposes only and
may be revised at any time without prior notice. The data is believed to be Publication Number SMC-030
accurate and reliable, but Special Metals makes no representation or warranty of
Copyright © Special Metals Corporation, 2004 (Sept 04)
any kind (express or implied) and assumes no liability with respect to the
accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein. Although the
data is believed to be representative of the product, the actual characteristics or INCOLOY, INCONEL, INCO-WELD and 686CPT are
performance of the product may vary from what is shown in this publication. trademarks of the Special Metals Corporation group of
Nothing contained in this publication should be construed as guaranteeing the
product for a particular use or application. companies.
 INCOLOY ® alloy 825

Mechanical Properties
INCOLOY alloy 825 has good mechanical properties from cryogenic temperatures to moderately high temperatures. Exposure
to temperatures above about 1000°F (540°C) can result in microstructural changes (phase formation) that significantly lower
ductility and impact strength. For that reason, the alloy is not normally used at temperatures where creep-rupture properties
are design factors.
Tensile properties at room temperature are listed in Table 5. As indicated, the alloy can be strengthened substantially by
cold work.
High-temperature tensile properties are shown in Figure 1. The tests were conducted on cold-drawn rod of 0.75-in. (19-
mm) diameter annealed at 1725°F (940°C)/1 hr.
Compressive yield strength of the alloy is similar to tensile yield strength. Tests on annealed rod of 1.0-in. (25-mm)
diameter produced a compressive yield strength (0.2% offset) of 61,400 psi (423 MPa) compared with a tensile yield strength
of 57,500 psi (396 MPa). Ultimate tensile strength of the material was 104,500 psi (720 MPa).
INCOLOY alloy 825 has good impact strength at room temperature and retains its strength at cryogenic temperatures.
Table 6 gives the results of Charpy keyhole tests on plate.
Table 4 - Modulus of Elasticity (Hot Rolled and Annealed Plate) Table 5 - Typical Room-Temperature Tensile Properties

Young’s Shear Yield Strength

Temperature Form and Tensile Strength Elongation,
Modulus Modulus Poisson’s (0.2% Offset)
Ratio Condition %
°F 103 ksi 103 ksi ksi MPa ksi MPa
Tubing, Annealed 112 772 64 441 36
100 28.3 11.0 0.29
Tubing, Cold Drawn 145 1000 129 889 15
200 27.9 10.9 0.28
Bar, Annealed 100 690 47 324 45
300 27.5 10.7 0.29
Plate, Annealed 96 662 49 338 45
400 27.1 10.4 0.30
Sheet, Annealed 110 758 61 421 39
500 26.6 10.2 0.30
600 26.1 10.1 0.29 Table 6 - Charpy Keyhole Impact Strength of Plate
700 25.5 10.0 0.28
Temperature Impact Strengtha
800 25.0 9.8 0.28 Orientation
900 24.5 9.5 0.29 °F °C ft-lb J
1000 24.0 9.2 0.30 Room Room Longitudinal 79.0 107
1100 23.6 8.9 0.33 Transverse 83.0 113
1200 23.0 8.6 0.34 -110 -43 Longitudinal 78.0 106
1300 22.3 8.2 0.35 Transverse 78.5 106
1400 21.3 7.9 0.35 -320 -196 Longitudinal 67.0 91
1500 20.3 7.6 0.34 Transverse 71.5 97
1600 19.5 7.3 0.34 -423 -253 Longitudinal 68.0 92
1700 18.5 6.9 0.34 Transverse 68.0 92
1800 17.5 6.5 0.34 a
Average of three tests.
Young’s Shear Temperature, °C
Temperature Poisson’s 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Modulus Modulus 120
Ratio
°C GPa GPa
20 196 76 0.29 100 700
Tensile Strength
Elongation, %

100 192 75 0.28

600
200 187 72 0.30 80
Stress, MPa

300 181 70 0.29 500

400 174 68 0.28 60 400

500 168 65 0.29 Elongation
Stress, ksi

300
600 162 61 0.33 40
700 154 57 0.35 200
800 142 53 0.34 20 Yield Strength
(0.2% Offset) 100
900 131 49 0.34
1000 118 44 0.34 0 0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Temperature, °F
Figure 1. High-temperature tensile properties of annealed bar.
Indicates the typical usage range.
2
 INCOLOY ® alloy 825

Corrosion Resistance
The outstanding attribute of INCOLOY alloy 825 is its high level of corrosion resistance. In both reducing and oxidize
environments, the alloy resists general corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and stress-corrosion
cracking. Some environments in which INCOLOY alloy 825 is particularly useful are sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfur-
containing flue gases, sour gas and oil wells, and sea water.
For details on the corrosion resistance of alloy 825, refer to Special Metals publication “Restistance to Aqueous
Corrosion”, on the website, www.specialmetals.com.
Fabrication
INCOLOY alloy 825 products are heat treated during manufacturing at the mill to develop the optimum combination of
stabilization, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and formability. To maintain these properties during fabrication,
subsequent anneals should be performed between 1700 to 1800°F (930 to 980°C) followed by rapid air cooling or water
quenching. Heat treatment in the lower end of the range is acceptable for stabilization. However, annealing at temperatures
in the higher end of this range may be preferred for softness and grain structure for forming and deep-drawing while
maintaining corrosion resistance. Quenching is usually not necessary for parts of thin cross section (e.g., sheet, strip and wire),
but may be desired to avoid sensitization in products of heavier cross section. General procedures for heating, forming,
pickling, and finishing are found in the SMC bulletin “Fabricating”. Welding, brazing, and soldering techniques are discussed
in “Joining”. These bulletins are available on the website www.specialmetals.com.
Hot and Cold Forming
The hot-working range for INCOLOY alloy 825 is 1600 to 2150°F (870 to 1180°C). For optimum corrosion resistance, final
hot working should be done at temperatures between 1600 and 1800°F (870 and 980°C).
Cooling after hot working should be air cool or faster. Heavy sections may become sensitized during cooling from the
hot-working temperature, and therefore be subject to intergranular corrosion in certain media. A stabilizing anneal (see above)
restores resistance to corrosion. If material is to be welded or subjected to further thermal treatment and subsequently exposed
to an environment that may cause intergranular corrosion, the stabilizing anneal should be performed regardless of cooling
rate from the hot-working temperature.
Cold-forming properties and practices are essentially the same for INCOLOY alloy 825 as for INCONEL alloy 600.
Although work-hardening rate is somewhat less than for the common grades of austenitic stainless steels, it is still relatively
high. Forming equipment should be well powered and strongly built to compensate for the increase in yield strength with
plastic deformation.
Additional information on hot and cold forming can be obtained by visiting the website www.specialmetals.com.
Machining Joining
All standard machining operations are readily performed on INCOLOY alloy 825 has good weldability by all
INCOLOY alloy 825. The alloy normally has optimum conventional processes. For most applications, INCONEL®
machining characteristics in the annealed temper. Tooling Welding Electrode 112 for shielded metal-arc welding and
and procedures described for Group C alloys should be used; INCONEL Filler Metal 625 for gas-shielded processes are
for more information refer to Special Metals publication used. For applications that require highest resistance to
“Machining”, on the website, www.specialmetals.com. corrosion, INCO-WELD® Welding Electrode 686CPT® and
INCO-WELD Filler Metal 686CPT are used. Information on
surface preparation, joint design, and welding technique can
be obtained in the Special Metals publication “Joining”, on
Available Products and Specifications the website, www.specialmetals.com.
INCOLOY Alloy 825 is designated as UNS N08825 and Werkstoff Number 2.4858. It is listed in NACE MR0175 for oil and
gas service. Alloy 825 is available as pipe, tube, sheet, strip, plate, round bar, flat bar, forging stock, hexagon and wire.

Rod, Bar, Wire and Forging Stock - BS 3076NA16, ASTM B 425, ASTM B 564, ASME SB 425, ASME SB 564, ASME
Code Case N-572, DIN 17752, DIN 17753, DIN 17754, VdTÜV 432, ISO 9723, ISO 9724, ISO 9725

Plate, Sheet and Strip - BS 3072NA16, BS 3073NA16, ASTM B 424, ASTM B 906, ASME SB 424, ASME SB 906, DIN
17750, VdTÜV 432, ISO 6208

Pipe and Tube - BS 3074NA16, ASTM B 163, ASTM B 423, ASTM B 704, ASTM B 705, ASTM B 751, ASTM B 775,
ASTM B 829, ASME SB 163, ASME SB 423, ASME SB 704, ASME SB 705, ASME SB 751, ASME SB 775, ASME SB
829, ASME Code Case 1936, DIN 17751, VdTÜV 432, ISO 6207

Others - ASTM B 366, ASME SB 366, DIN 17744

3
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