Department of Mechanical Engineering

Machine Design & CAD-II Lab (MEEN-3238)

Lab Report 3

Submitted To Engr. Adnan Rasheed

Submitted By Sarmad Hafeez

Regd. No. ME171005

Semester 6th
 Table of Contents
1. Objective: ................................................................................................................................ 1

2. Theory: .................................................................................................................................... 1

2.1. Sketching: ......................................................................................................................... 1

2.2. Sketch snaps: .................................................................................................................... 1

2.3. Sketch Entities:................................................................................................................. 3

Arc Command: ........................................................................................................................ 3

Slots:........................................................................................................................................ 4

Polygon ................................................................................................................................... 6

Spline: ..................................................................................................................................... 7

Ellipse: .................................................................................................................................... 9

Adding Text: ........................................................................................................................... 9

2.4. 3D Features: ................................................................................................................... 10

Boss Extrude/ Extrude Base:................................................................................................. 10

Extrude Property Manager: ................................................................................................... 11

3.1. 3D Sketching Practice Drawing 1: ................................................................................. 14

Procedure of Drawing: .......................................................................................................... 14

 Lab Session 3
1. Objective:
To practice the Spline, Arc, Ellipse, Slot, Polygon, Text sketch commands, Extrude 3D command
and sketch snaps and to practice a basic 3D drawing (3D Practice Drawing-1)

2. Theory:
2.1. Sketching:
Sketching is the foundation that underlies the most common feature types. Sketching in parametric
software is vastly different from drawing lines in 2D CAD
When you open a new part document, first you create a sketch. The sketch is the basis for a 3D
model. You can create a sketch on any of the default planes (Front Plane, Top Plane, and Right
Plane), or a created plane.

2.2. Sketch snaps:

Sketch snaps allows you to automatically snap to selected entities as you sketch. By default, all
sketch snaps grid are enabled. All sketch snaps can be controlled through snap options.

Sketch Snaps Tool Description

End points and sketch points Snaps to the end of the following sketch entities: lines,
polygons, rectangles, parallelograms, fillets, arcs,
parabolas, partial ellipses, splines, points, chamfers,
and centerlines. Snaps to the center of arcs.

Center Points Snaps to the center of the following sketch entities:

circles, arcs, fillets, parabolas, and partial ellipses.

Mid-points Snaps to the midpoints of lines, polygons, rectangles,

parallelograms, fillets, arcs, parabolas, partial ellipses,
splines, points, chamfers, and centerlines.

Quadrant Points Snaps to the quadrants of circles, arcs, fillets,

parabolas, ellipses, and partial ellipses.

Intersections Snaps to the intersections of entities that meet or

entities that intersect.

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Nearest Supports all entities. Clear Nearest, to enable all
snaps. Your pointer does not need to be in the
immediate vicinity of another sketch entity to show
inference or snap to that point. Select Nearest, and
snaps are enabled only when the pointer is in the
vicinity of the snap point.

Tangent Snaps to tangents on circles, arcs, fillets, parabolas,

ellipses, partial ellipses, and splines.

Perpendicular Snaps a line to another line.

Parallel Creates a parallel entity to lines.

Horizontal/vertical lines Snaps a line vertically to an existing horizontal sketch

line, and horizontally to an existing vertical sketch line.

Horizontal/vertical to points Snaps a line vertically or horizontally to an existing

sketch point.

Length Snaps lines to the increments that are set by the grid,
without requiring display of the grid.

To enable Length snaps, press and

hold Shift while sketching.

Grid Snaps sketch entities to the grid’s vertical and

horizontal divisions. This is the only sketch snap that
is not active by default.

• If Grid snap is cleared, it never snaps to grid.

• If Grid snap is selected:

o Only snaps to grid if Snap only when grid is

displayed is selected.

o Always snaps to grid (even if the grid is not

displayed) if Snap only when grid is
displayed is cleared

Angle Snaps to angles. To set the degrees,

click Tools, Options, System Options, and Sketch,
select Relations/Snaps, and set a value for Snap
angle.

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2.3. Sketch Entities:
Arc Command:
Different type of options to sketch the following arcs:
Arc types Tool Arc properties
CenterPoint Arc Sketches arcs from a CenterPoint, a start
point, and an end point.
Tangent Arc Sketches arcs that are tangent to sketch
entities.
3 Point Arc Sketches arcs by specifying three points
(start, end, and midpoint)

To sketch CenterPoint arcs:

1. Click CenterPoint Arc .

2. Click to place the center of the arc.

3. Release and drag to set the radius and the angle.
4. Click to place a start point.
5. Release, drag, and click to set an end point.

6. Click OK .
To sketch tangent arcs:
1. Click Tangent Arc .

2. Click on the end point of a line, arc, ellipse, or spline.

3. Drag the arc to the desired shape and release.

To sketch 3 point arcs:

1. Click 3 Point Arc .
2. Click to set a start point.

3. Drag the pointer , then click to set an end point.

4. Drag to set the radius.
5. Click to set the arc.
6. Click OK .
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Slots:
Sketch these slots:
Type
Straight Slot
CenterPoint Straight Slot
3 Point Arc Slot
CenterPoint Arc Slot
Tool Properties
Sketches a straight slot using the two end points.
Sketches a straight slot from the center point.
Sketches an arc slot using three points along the arc.
Sketches an arc slot using the center point of the arc
radius and the two end points.

Access the slot tools:

• Sketch tab. Click the Slot Command Manager, to select slot tools from the Slot flyout
tool.
• Menu. Click Tools > Sketch Entities to select slot tools
• Slot Property Manager. Change slot tools in the Slot Property Manager
To sketch a straight slot:

1. In a sketch, click Straight Slot (Sketch toolbar) or Tools > Sketch Entities > Straight
Slot.
2. Click to specify the starting point of the slot.
3. Move the pointer and then click to specify the length of the slot.

4. Move the pointer and then click to specify the width of the slot.

To sketch a CenterPoint arc slot:

1. In a sketch, click CenterPoint Arc Slot (Sketch toolbar) or Tools > Sketch
Entities > CenterPoint Arc Slot.
2. Click to specify the center point of the arc.
3. Move the pointer to specify the radius of the arc and then click.

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 4. Move the pointer to specify the length of the slot and then click.

5. Move the pointer to specify the width of the slot and then click.

To sketch a three-point arc slot:

1. In a sketch, click 3 Point Arc Slot (Sketch toolbar) or Tools > Sketch Entities > 3 Point
Arc Slot.
2. Click to specify the starting point of the arc.
3. Move the pointer to specify the ending point of the arc and then click.

4. Move the pointer to specify the third point for the arc and then click.

5. Move the pointer to specify the width of the slot and then click.

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To sketch a CenterPoint straight slot:

1. In a sketch, click CenterPoint Straight Slot (Sketch toolbar) or Tools > Sketch
Entities > CenterPoint Straight Slot.

2. Click to specify the center point for the slot.

3. Move the pointer and then click to specify the length of the slot.

4. Move the pointer and then click to specify the width of the slot.

Polygon
To create equilateral polygons with any number of sides between 3 and 40.
To create a polygon:

1. Click Polygon on the Sketch toolbar, or click Tools, Sketch Entities, and Polygon.

The pointer changes to .

2. Set the properties in the Polygon Property Manager as necessary.
3. Click in the graphics area to place the center of the polygon, and drag out the polygon.

4. To sketch another polygon, click New Polygon and repeat steps 2 through 5.

5. Click OK .

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Spline:
To create two-point splines with tangency:

1. Click Spline (Sketch toolbar) or Tools > Sketch Entities > Spline.

The pointer changes to .

2. Click to place the first point and drag out the first segment.
3. Click the next point and drag out the second segment.
4. Repeat for each segment to create a spline with three or more points.
5. Double-click when the spline is complete.

The Spline Property Manager appears.

Click .
To create an equation driven curve:

1. On the Sketch toolbar, click the Spline flyout, and then select Equation Driven

Curve or click Tools > Sketch Entities > Equation Driven Curve.
2. Under Equation Type, select Explicit or Parametric.
3D sketches support parametric equations only.
3. Under Equation, specify the curve equation where:
• Y is a function of X (explicit equations).
x^3/"D1@Sketch5"
1.
• X, Y, and Z are functions of T (parametric equations). For example:
Let x be defined by: sin (t)
Let y be defined by: cos (t)
For t1 = 0 and t2 = pi, the result is a semi-circle. (Closed geometry is not allowed.)
Z is for 3D sketches only.

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 2. Under Parameters, specify the range of values for X (explicit equations) or T (parametric
equations), where 1 is the start point and 2 is the end point (for example, X1 = 0 and X2 =
2*pi).

Click to lock or unlock the start or end point location on the curve:

• (Locked): The start or end point is fixed.

• (Unlocked): You can drag the start or end point along the curve.

3. Click .
The curve defined by the equation appears in the sketch.
Fit spline

Use the Fit Spline tool to fit sketch segments to a spline. Fit splines are parametrically linked
to underlying geometry so that changes to the geometry update the spline.
Fit spline chooses the most logical fit to the geometry you select, but you can modify the fit. If you
select an entity that has been fit, the entity is no longer part of the spline. If you select an entity
that is not part of the spline, the spline adjusts to include the selected entity.

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Ellipse:
Use the Ellipse tool to create a complete ellipse. Use the Partial Ellipse tool to create an elliptical
arc.
To create an ellipse:

1. Click Ellipse on the Sketch toolbar, or Tools, Sketch Entities, Ellipse.

The pointer changes to .

2. Click in the graphics area to place the center of the ellipse.
3. Drag and click to set the major axis of the ellipse.
4. Drag and click again to set the minor axis of the ellipse.
Partial Ellipse:

You can create a partial ellipse (an elliptical arc) from a CenterPoint, a start point, and an end
point, similar to creating a CenterPoint Arc.
To create a partial ellipse:

1. In an open sketch, click Partial Ellipse on the Sketch toolbar, or click Tools, Sketch
Entities, and Partial Ellipse.

The pointer changes to .

2. Click in the graphics area to place the center of the ellipse.
3. Drag and click to define one axis of the ellipse.
4. Drag and click to define the second axis.
The circumference guideline remains.
5. Drag the pointer around the circumference to define the extent of the ellipse, then click to
complete the ellipse.
Adding Text:
To sketch text on a part:
1. Click a face of a part.

2. Click Text (Sketch toolbar) or Tools > Sketch Entities > Text.

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To create a profile for placing the text, sketch a circle or a continuous profile from lines, arcs, or
splines in a sketch, close the sketch, then open another sketch for the text.
3. In the graphics area, select an edge, curve, sketch, or sketch segment.

The selected item appears under Curves .

4. In the Property Manager, under Text, type the text to display.
The text appears in the graphics area as you type.
5. Set the properties in the Sketch Text Property Manager as necessary.

6. Click .

7. With the sketch still open, extrude or cut the text.

2.4. 3D Features:
Boss Extrude/ Extrude Base:
To create an extrude feature:
1. Create a sketch. You can use a closed profile sketch or an open profile. For cuts, open
profile sketches are only valid for Blind or Through All end conditions
2. Click one of the extrude tools:
Extruded Boss/Base on the Features toolbar, or click Insert > Boss/Base > Extrude

Extruded Cut on the Features toolbar, or click Insert > Cut > Extrude

Extruded Surface on the Surfaces toolbar, or click Insert > Surface > Extrude

3. Set the Property Manager options.

To extrude in both directions from the sketch plane in the Property Manager, under Direction 1,
select Through All - Both Directions. To extrude as a thin feature, set the Property Manager
options in Thin Feature. When you drag the manipulator to set the size, an Instant3D ruler appears
so you can set precise values.

4. Click .

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Extrude Property Manager:
To open this Property Manager:
1. Create a sketch.
2. Click one of the extrude tools:
Extruded Boss/Base on the Features toolbar, or click Insert > Boss/Base > Extrude

Extruded Cut on the Features toolbar, or click Insert > Cut > Extrude

Extruded Surface on the Surfaces toolbar, or click Insert > Surface > Extrude

Set the Property Manager Options based on the type of extrude feature.
3. From
Sets the starting condition for the extrude feature.

Sketch Plane Starts the extrude from the plane on which the sketch is
located.
Surface/Face/Plane Starts the extrude from one of these entities. Select a

valid entity for Surface/Face/Plane . The entity can

be planar or non-planar. Planar entities do not have to
be parallel to the sketch plane. The sketch must be fully
contained within the boundaries of the non-planar
surface or face. The sketch follows the shape of the non-
planar entity at the starting surface or face.
Extrude feature

Non-planar
starting surface

Sketch entity

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 You can create boss, cut, and surface extrudes from any
size surface, face, or plane. The surface or face must be
planar.

Vertex Starts the extrude from the vertex you select for

Vertex .
Offset Starts the extrude on an plane that is offset from the
current sketch plane. Set the offset distance in Enter
Offset Value.

Direction Determines how the feature extends. Set the end condition type. If necessary,
1 click Reverse Direction to extend the feature in the opposite direction from that
shown in the preview.

Blind Set the Depth .

Through Extends the feature from the sketch plane through all existing
All geometry.

Through Extends the feature from the sketch plane through all existing
All - Both geometry for Direction 1 and Direction 2.

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Up to Select a vertex in the graphics area for Vertex .
Vertex

Up to Select a face or plane to extend to in the graphics area

Surface for Face/Plane . Double-click a surface to change the End
Condition to Up to Surface, with the selected surface as the
termination surface. If the sketch that you extrude extends outside of
the selected face or surface body, Up To Surface can do some
automatic extension of one analytic face to terminate the extrusion.

Offset Select a face or plane in the graphics area for Face/Plane , and
From
enter the Offset Distance . Select Translate surface to make the
Surface
end of the extrusion a translation of the reference surface, rather than
a true offset. If necessary, select Reverse offset to offset in the
opposite direction. Example: Translate Surface

Up To Select the body to extrude to in the graphics area for Solid/Surface

Body Body . You can use Up To Body when making extrusions in an
assembly to extend the sketch up to the selected body. Up To Body is
also useful with mold parts, if the body you extrude to has an uneven
surface.

Mid Plane Set the Depth .

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3.1. 3D Sketching Practice Drawing 1:

Figure 1- 3D Practice Drawing 1

Procedure of Drawing:
Step 1:
Open solidworks and open a new part file then select top plane as shown in figure below.

Figure 2- Step 1

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Step 2
Using line, circle and dimension command draw as shown below.

Figure 3- Step 2

Step 3:
Now using extrude command give high of 33mm to the above drawing..

Figure 4- Step 3

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Step 4:
Select the above top plane draw necessary shapes by using line command and give the required
depth by using extrude cut command.

Figure 5- Step 4
Step 5:
Now according to given drawing draw the necessary shapes by using line and circle command and
by using extrude and extrude cut commands make the shape according to required dimensions.

Figure 6- Step 5

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Step 6:

Figure 7-Step 6

Step: 7

Figure 8-Step 7

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Step: 8

Figure 9- Final 3D Drawing

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Reg. No. Lab Performance (10) Lab Report (10) Viva Voce (10) Signature

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