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Us5958581 PDF
Us5958581 PDF
TABLE 2
Plaque Shutter Draw Draw Elongation
Example Stretching Preheat Close Emitter Ratio X Ratio Y Modulus at Break Strength
(4 mils) Conditions Temp ( C.) Temp ( C.) Temp ( C.) (x100%) (x100%) (Mpsi) (%) (Kpsi)
Comp. Ex. unstretched film 110 115 6OO 1. 1. O.286 3.9 8.1
Ex. 1 change emitter 110 115 6OO 1. 2 O.32 44.7 7
temp.
Ex. 2 chg. draw ratio 110 115 6OO 1. 1.5 O.28 5.22 6.1
40
What is claimed is:
1. A film comprising a polyester, wherein Said polyester
Extruder Barrel Temperature: comprises terephthaloyl moieties, optionally, one or more
Zone 1 180° C. other aromatic diacid moieties; ethylene glycol moieties;
Zone 2 220° C. 45 isosorbide moieties, and, optionally, one or more other diol
Zone 3 240° C. moieties, wherein Said polyester has an inherent Viscosity of
Zone 4 240° C. at least about 0.35 dL/g when measured as a 1% (weight/
Clamp ring temperature 240° C. Volume) Solution of Said polyester in o-chlorophenol at a
Adaptor temperature (inlet) 230° C. temperature of 25° C.
Melt pump temperature 230° C. 50 2. The film according to claim 1, wherein Said terephtha
Melt pump rpm
Throughput
1O
3 Ib?hr
loyl moieties are derived from terephthalic acid or dimethyl
Adaptor temperature (Outlet) 220° C. terephthalate.
Extruder melt pressure ~1500 psi 3. The film according to claim 1, wherein the polyester
Die adaptor temperature 220° C. further comprises diethylene glycol moieties.
Die temperature 220° C. 55 4. The film according to claim 1, wherein Said one or more
Die Lip temperature 220° C. other diol moieties are derived from aliphatic alkylene
Die gap 0.25 mm (10 mil) glycols or branched aliphatic glycols having from 3-12
Die size 4-inch carbon atoms and having the empirical formula
Casting temperature 50° C. HO-CH-OH, where n is an integer from 3-12; cis or
Casting speed 5 & 3 m/min 60 trans-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol or mixtures thereof; tri
Filter size 25 microns
ethylene glycol, 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl
propane; 1,1-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)cyclohexane,
9.9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenylfluorene; 1,4:3,6-
dianhydromannitol; 1,4:3,6-dianhydroiditol; or 1,4-
The film exiting the die is 4 inches wide and 0.10 mm (4 65 anhydroerythritol.
mils) thick. The physical properties of the film are given in 5. The film according to claim 4, wherein said one or more
Table 1. other diol moieties are derived from cis-1,4-
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cyclohexanedimethanol, trans-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, wherein Said heating is continued for a Sufficient time to
or mixtures thereof. yield a polyester having an inherent Viscosity of at least
6. The film according to claim 1, wherein Said one or more about 0.35 dL/g when measured as a 1% (weight/
other aromatic diacid moieties are derived from isophthalic Volume) Solution of Said polyester in o-chlorophenol at
acid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic a temperature of 25 C.
acid, 2,6-naphthale nedicarboxylic acid, 2,7- 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein heating
naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, or 4,4'-bibenzoic acid. Said monomers further includes Stirring Said monomers with
7. The film according to claim 6, wherein said one or more the concurrent removal of by-products by distillation and/or
other aromatic diacid moieties are derived from isophthalic evaporation.
acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-bibenzoic acid, 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein said
or mixtures thereof. monomer comprising a terephthaloyl moiety is terephthalic
8. The film according to claim 1, wherein said inherent acid.
viscosity is from about 0.45 to 1.0 dL/g. 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein water and
9. The film according to claim 8, wherein said inherent unreacted monomer are removed while Said monomers
viscosity is from about 0.50 dL/g to 0.70 dL/g. polymerize.
10. The film according to claim 1, wherein said tereph 15
22. The method according to claim 18, wherein said
thaloyl moieties are present in an amount of from about 40 monomer comprising a terephthaloyl moiety is dimethyl
to 50 mole % of said polyester, said one or more other terephthalate.
aromatic diacid moieties are present in an amount of from 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein methanol
about 0.1 to 10.0 mole % of the polyester, said ethylene and unreacted monomer are removed while Said monomers
glycol moieties are present in an amount of from about 33 polymerize.
to 49.9 mole % of said polyester, said isosorbide moieties 24. The method according to claim 17, wherein said one
are present in an amount of from about 0.25 to 20.0 mole % or more other monomers comprising a diol moiety is
of Said polyester, and Said one or more other diol moieties Selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alkylene
are present in an amount of up to about 2.0 mole % of Said glycols and branched aliphatic glycols having from 3-12
polyester. 25 carbon atoms and having the empirical formula
11. The film according to claim 10, wherein said one or HO-CH-OH, where n is an integer from 3-12; cis and
more other diol moieties comprise diethylene glycol moi trans-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and mixtures thereof; tri
eties in an amount up to about 5.0 mole % of Said polyester. ethylene glycol, 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl
12. The film according to claim 10, wherein said isosor propane; 1,1-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl)cyclohexane,
bide moieties are present in an amount of from about and 9.9-bis(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenylfluorene.
6.0-12.0%. 25. The method according to claim 17, wherein said one
13. The film according to claim 12, wherein said isosor or more other monomers comprising other aromatic or
bide moieties are present in an amount of from about alicyclic diacid moieties are Selected from the group con
1.0-3.0%. sisting of isophthalic acid, 2.5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2.5-
14. The film according to claim 13, wherein the film has thiophenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic
35 acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 4,4'-bibenzoic
dead fold properties. acid.
15. The film according to claim 1, having a thickness leSS
than or equal to 0.25 mm. 26. The method according to claim 18, wherein said
16. The film according to claim 1, being biaxially terephthaloyl moieties are present in an amount of about 40
Stretched. to about 50 mole % of said polyester, said one or more other
17. A method of making a film, wherein the film com
40 diacid moieties are present in an amount up to about 10 mole
prises a polyester, Said method comprising: % of Said polyester, Said ethylene glycol moieties are present
in an amount of about 33 to about 49.9 mole % of the
a) forming the polyester; and polyester, Said isosorbide moieties are present in an amount
b) making the polyester into a film; of about 0.25 to about 20.0 mole % of said polyester, and
wherein the polyester comprises terephthaloyl moieties, 45 Said one or more other diol moieties are present in an amount
optionally, one or more other diacid moieties, ethylene up to about 2.0 mole % of said polyester.
glycol moieties, isosorbide moieties, and, optionally, 27. The method according to claim 17, wherein said one
one or more other diol moieties, wherein Said polyester or more other diol moieties are diethylene glycol moieties in
has an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.35 dL/g an amount of up to about 5.0 mole % of said polyester.
when measured as a 1% (weight/volume) Solution of 50 28. The method according to claim 27, wherein said
Said polyester in o-chlorophenol at a temperature of 25 isosorbide moieties are present in an amount of from about
C. 6.0 to 12.0% of said polyester.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein forming 29. The method according to claim 28, wherein said
the polyester comprises: isosorbide moieties are present in an amount of from about
(a) combining in a reactor a monomer comprising a 55 1.0 to 3.0% of said polyester.
terephthaloyl moiety; optionally, one or more other 30. The method according to claim 17, wherein the film
monomers comprising an aromatic diacid moiety; a has a thickness less than or equal to 0.25 mm.
monomer comprising an ethylene glycol moiety, a 31. The method according to claim 17, wherein the film
monomer comprising an isosorbide moiety; and is biaxially stretched.
optionally, one or more other monomers comprising a 60 32. The method according to claim 17, further comprising
diol moiety with a condensation catalyst Suitable for increasing the molecular weight of Said polyester by Solid
condensing diacids and glycols, and State polymerization.
(b) heating said monomers and Said catalyst to a tempera 33. The method according to claim 32, wherein said solid
ture Sufficient to polymerize Said monomers into a State polymerization comprises:
polyester polymer having at least the terephthaloyl 65 (a) crystallizing said polyester by heating said polyester at
moieties, ethylene glycol moieties and isosorbide a temperature in the range of about 115 C. to about
moieties, 140° C.; and
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17 18
(b) heating said polyester under vacuum or in a stream of 37. An article made from the film of claim 1.
inert gas at an elevated temperature above 140 C. but 38. The article according to claim 37, wherein the article
below the melting temperature of Said polyester to yield is Selected from the group consisting of a label, an insulator,
a polyester having an increased inherent Viscosity. a coating, a capacitor, a laminate, a photographic film, an
34. The method according to claim 33, wherein said X-ray film, and a tape.
heating step (b) is carried out at a temperature of about 195
to 198 C. for about 10 hours. 39. The article according to claim 37, wherein the film is
35. The method according to claim 33, wherein said from about 0.025-0.15 mm.
increased inherent Viscosity is at least about 0.65 dI/g. 40. The article according to claim 37, wherein the film is
36. The method according to claim 17, wherein making 10 biaxially stretched.
Said polyester into a film comprises: 41. The article according to claim 37, wherein the film has
a) melting said polyester; dead fold properties.
b) extruding said molten polyester; and
c) cooling said extruded polyester, thereby forming a film.