Structure and functional issues

1. Battery thickness and surfaces flatness

Original battery standard thickness is 3.2 mm and has none or slight deviations (under 0.05mm)
from top to bottom.

1
 Batteries from Shenzhen Juliyuan Electronics Co., Ltd are thicker, with a medium of 3.5mm
(randomly variable 3.4 – 3.6 mm), with deviations from top to bottom up to 0.15mm.

Below you can find slimmest / medium / thickest photo with measurements

This may be caused by:

- Poor control of LiCoO2 layers deposition process, causing fluctuation of thickness. Those
fluctuations may cause randomly different thickness between bottom and top. What’s worst is
that layers are stacked at production process, the whole thickness issue being sometimes more
obvious and prominent.
- Poor quality process of electrodes layers binding with the external contacts, this causing
prominent bumps.

2
Slimmest: bottom 3.35mm, middle 3.43 mm, top 3.45mm / deviation top-bottom of 0.10mm

3
Medium thick: bottom 3.45mm, middle 3.51 mm, top 3.5mm / deviation top-bottom of 0.06mm

4
Thickest: bottom 3.49mm, middle 3.51 mm, top 3.59mm / deviation top-bottom of 0.10mm

5
Problems caused by thickness and non-flatness:

- Display waves are more likely to appear, especially when deviation from top to bottom is
greater than 0.05mm (not to mention if deviation is sudden). The battery is supposed to be flat
on both sides and have constant thickness.

- The thicker the battery, the obvious are the display waves if caused, and the bigger is the
possibility of improper 3D touch working.
- The battery, in time (after 1 year or 100 cycles), suffer expansion (normally 0.1 – 0.2 mm,
abnormally greater than that, even swell up). That is why the original battery is 3.2mm thick,
even though it has 0.2 – 0.3 mm more space available (here is calculated the sticking band
thickness). It is for avoiding high pressure when the battery gets older.
So that means, in time, this “thick since new” battery may cause serious pressure upon display.

6
 2. Functional issues

2.1 Charge – discharge hysteresis

There is a test executed by the phone, test that can be also made with a dedicated
device. This test determines the quality of the cell and I call it generically “The hysteresis test”.
It implies:
o 1A current injection for 2 seconds with peak voltage measurement V1 value
o 2 seconds pause, measurement of rest voltage Vr
o 1A current extraction for 2 seconds with lowest voltage measurement V2 value
o Calculate V1-V2 = Vh value, compare it to Vma “maximum allowed” value at the Vo
value. Using an algorithm, you can appreciate “how far” is Vh from Vma and estimate
health Vma/Vh %.

If Vh < Vma than BAT Level: 100

If Vh > Vma than BAT level: 90, 80, 70, …, 10, 0

If BAT Level is under 50, even if Battery life reported by iOS /

3uTools is greater than 80%, the Battery Health from iOS will
report Service tag.

7_iPh cell BAT Level: 80 (and under) 6G/6S_iPh cell BAT level: 100

A BAT level lower than 100 is causing a higher heating of battery in working times. The lower,
the greater is the heating phenomenon.

7
Batteries from Shenzhen Juliyuan Electronics Co., Ltd, those for iPhone 7 have:

- BAT level 80____________________50%

- BAT level 70____________________25%.
- BAT level 60 and under___________25%

After drop-down test on 3 phones for cells with BAT level 80, the results are good, no drop-down
detected

Y axis battery percentage; X axis number of steps (4-5 minutes apart)

Cycle 1, 5 minutes steps

80

60

40

20

0 BAT1 % BAT2 % BAT3 %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Cycle 2, 5 minutes steps

150

100

50

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

BAT1 % BAT2 % BAT3 %

Cycle 3, 4 minutes steps

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

BAT1 % BAT2 % BAT3 %

8
After test on 3 phones for cells with BAT level 50 this are the results:

BATTERY 1 6 cycles 3uTools life: 98% iOS life: 98%

BATTERY 2 6 cycles 3uTools life: 98% iOS life: 96%

BATTERY 3 6 cycles 3uTools life: 99% iOS life: 99%

Chart Title
120

100

80

60

40

20

0
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75

BAT1 % BAT2 % BAT3 %

Upper image show signs of drop-down / rise-up between 60 and 80%.

Eventually iOS will detect them and express them as SERVICE TAG and capacity drop (no peak
performance able). To be more conclusive I will have to conduct more cycles on this batteries.

9
2.2 Cells voltage at “time of arrival”

Almost 500 cells from 2000, 25%, for iPhone 7 came with a different voltage (<3.3V 7%, 3.5V 3%,
3.7V 15%) than the rest (3.9…4 V).

At production time, the supposed to be new cells are passing through a formation procedure
(several charge-discharge cycles in special condition). After the formation they are supposed to be
charged with the nominal voltage 3.8V, or a little higher than it, for better long term storage. So, they
are tested for voltage conformity and also Internal Resistance conformity.

The fact that we found this “lower voltage” between the “good voltage” cells, can only mean
two things:

- not well tested, or

- more likely intentionally mixed good quality 75% and bad quality 25%

10
 3. Capacity test results

AVERAGE
cap mAh Diff from
Cycle after 60 standard Standard
LOT_MODEL 60 cycles cap cap mAh iPhone
JS_6S_01 1823 1820.383333 100.57%
JS_6S_02 1912 1907.066667 105.36%
JS_6S_03 544 1656.316667 91.51%
JS_6S_04 1926 1914.966667 105.80%
JS_6S_05 1866 1857.783333 102.64% 1810 6G
JS_7P_01 2990 2981.116667 102.80%
JS_7P_02 2978 2977.05 102.66%
JS_7P_03 3004 2997.766667 103.37%
JS_7P_04 3023 3016.416667 104.01%
JS_7P_05 3038 3023.933333 104.27% 2900 7P
JS_7G_01 1947 1937.516667 98.85%
JS_7G_02 1972 1966.283333 100.32%
JS_7G_03 1935 1928.7 98.40%
JS_7G_04 1950 1945.083333 99.24%
JS_7G_05 1934 1923.466667 98.14% 1960 7G

Conclusions:

- one of the 5 test samples of model 6G had dropped the capacity to 30% and swollen

Not sure if this can be a 20% chance

for defective cells regarding 500 cells
of 6G/6S model.

- The cells for 7P model, 500 pcs, are more than good. Also the measurements and inside phone
tests are good.
- The 7G model cells are 98% of capacity. This is confirmed after tests also made on 10 iPhone 7
phones. Below can be seen than after 5 cycles this real capacity can be “detected” by iOS 30%
chance, and surely after 50 cycles it will be detected for what it is 97-98%.

11
 I remind you that all i7 model cells tested on phones were BAT level 80 and caused small waves,
acceptable waves, on tests (both mine and smartphone testing department).

Life Cycle of Cycle of

No. raport life dropp life dropp Real life
MODEL cycl. IOS 1 2 3Utools
i7_1 15 100 NA NA 101
i7_2 11 100 NA NA 100
i7_3 15 100 NA NA 101
i7_4 11 97 8 9 99
i7_5 14 97 5 NA 99
i7_6 15 100 NA NA 101
i7_7 14 98 5 NA 100
i7_8 15 100 NA NA 101
i7_9 15 100 NA NA 103
i7_10 15 100 NA NA 101
i7P_1 8 100 NA NA 102
i7P_2 9 100 NA NA 104
i7P_3 9 100 NA NA 104
i7P_4 8 100 NA NA 104
i7P_5 9 100 NA NA 102

Regarding the 7G model, below can be seen that time T for SLO-MO video is quite ok. This time
tells us if a battery “goes long enough” like “their sisters”, and 160 minutes video is the
“milestone” for i7, as 220 minutes is for i7P.

i7_samples
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12

i7_1 i7_2 i7_3 i7_4 i7_5 i7_6 i7_7 i7_8 i7_9 i7_10

12
 i7 Plus samples
300

250

200

150

100

50

0
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12

i7P_1 i7P_2 i7P_3 i7P_4 i7P_5

By the end of this paper, I still have to finish some tests upon:
- the capacity for the <3.3V, 3.5V and 3.7V cells by cycling charge-discharge greater than 20… so I
can decide if they are acceptable for using or unacceptable (subject of warranty/future
discounts claims for the provider). Test is made by a specialized panel.
- The drop-down tests on actual phones

13
 Shenzhen Juliyuan Electronics Co., Ltd
ADD:Room 201, Block 8, Jinfanghua E-Commerce Industrial Park,Bantian Street,
Longgang Dist., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

PHONE:86-18219201972 Contact:Louis Huang

Company :S.C. CONCORD SERVICE CENTER S.R.L Invoice NO:JLY190517

Contact Person:Gavrila Silviu Date:May 17th,2019
Telephone :+40757573795
Address:Address: Str. Ion Neculce nr 9, Miroslava, Iași, Romania, postal code 707305
VAT ID: RO28752887

Proforma Invoice
QTY UNIT PRICE
NO. Brand Model AMOUNT(USD) REMARK
(PCS) (USD)

1 Apple 6S 500 $1.72 $860.00 High Quality

2 Apple 7 2000 $2.20 $4,400.00 High Quality

3 Apple 7+ 500 $2.80 $1,400.00 High Quality

3000 Product cost $6,660.00

Total $6,660.00

Remarks:battery cell.

1).Trade Terms: EXW Shenzhen

2).Payment Terms: By T/T in advance

3).Lead time: 10 days

4).Warranty: 1 year

Paypal Account:
Beneficiary's name:ORIENTAL EVERSOURCING INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

14
Account Number: 370 224 099 883
Swift Code:HASEHKHH
Beneficiary bank:Hang Seng Bank Limited
Bank ADDRESS:83 Des Voeux Road Central,HK
Bank Code: 024
Company
Address:Rm C,2/F.,Capital Trade Centre,62 Tsun Yip Street,Kwun Tong,HongKong SAR

15
16
CONTENT

1. Battery thickness and surfaces flatness _____________________________________ page 1

2. Functional issues _______________________________________________________ page 2

2.1 Charge – discharge hysteresis _____________________________________ page 2

2.2 Cells voltage at “time of arrival” ___________________________________ page 10

3. Capacity test results ____________________________________________________ page 11

Document no: Written by:

Date : 4 Oct 2019 Trinca Laurentiu

Batteries Department Lead Engineer

Concord Service Center SRL

17