PROBLEM 11.

47

The elevator shown in the figure moves downward with a constant velocity
of 4 m/s. Determine (a) the velocity of the cable C, (b) the velocity of the
counterweight W, (c) the relative velocity of the cable C with respect to the
elevator, (d ) the relative velocity of the counterweight W with respect to
the elevator.

SOLUTION
Choose the positive direction downward.
(a) Velocity of cable C.
yC + 2 yE = constant

vC + 2vE = 0

But, vE = 4 m/s

or vC = −2vE = −8 m/s vC = 8.00 m/s

(b) Velocity of counterweight W.
yW + yE = constant

vW + vE = 0 vW = −vE = −4 m/s vW = 4.00 m/s

(c) Relative velocity of C with respect to E.
vC/E = vC − vE = (−8 m/s) − ( +4 m/s) = −12 m/s

vC/E = 12.00 m/s

(d ) Relative velocity of W with respect to E.

vW /E = vW − vE = (−4 m/s) − (4 m/s) = −8 m/s

vW /E = 8.00 m/s

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59
 PROBLEM 11.48

The elevator shown starts from rest and moves upward with a constant
acceleration. If the counterweight W moves through 30 ft in 5 s, determine
(a) the acceleration of the elevator and the cable C, (b) the velocity of the
elevator after 5 s.

SOLUTION
We choose positive direction downward for motion of counterweight.
1
yW = aW t 2
2
At t = 5 s, yW = 30 ft

1
30 ft = aW (5 s) 2
2

aW = 2.4 ft/s 2 aW = 2.4 ft/s 2

(a) Accelerations of E and C.
Since yW + yE = constant vW + vE = 0, and aW + aE = 0

Thus: aE = − aW = −(2.4 ft/s 2 ), a E = 2.40 ft/s 2

Also, yC + 2 yE = constant, vC + 2vE = 0, and aC + 2aE = 0

Thus: aC = −2aE = −2(−2.4 ft/s 2 ) = +4.8 ft/s 2 , aC = 4.80 ft/s 2

(b) Velocity of elevator after 5 s.

vE = (vE )0 + aE t = 0 + (−2.4 ft/s 2 )(5 s) = −12 ft/s ( v E )5 = 12.00 ft/s

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60
 PROBLEM 11.51

Slider block B moves to the right with a constant

velocity of 300 mm/s. Determine (a) the velocity
of slider block A, (b) the velocity of portion C of
the cable, (c) the velocity of portion D of the
cable, (d ) the relative velocity of portion C of the
cable with respect to slider block A.

SOLUTION

From the diagram xB + ( xB − x A ) − 2 x A = constant

Then 2vB − 3v A = 0 (1)

and 2aB − 3a A = 0 (2)

Also, we have − xD − x A = constant

Then vD + v A = 0 (3)

(a) Substituting into Eq. (1) 2(300 mm/s) − 3v A = 0

or v A = 200 mm/s

(b) From the diagram xB + ( xB − xC ) = constant

Then 2vB − vC = 0

Substituting 2(300 mm/s) − vC = 0

or vC = 600 mm/s

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64
 PROBLEM 11.51 (Continued)

(c) From the diagram ( xC − x A ) + ( xD − x A ) = constant

Then vC − 2v A + vD = 0

Substituting 600 mm/s − 2(200 mm/s) + vD = 0

or v D = 200 mm/s

(d) We have vC/A = vC − v A

= 600 mm/s − 200 mm/s
or vC/A = 400 mm/s

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65
 PROBLEM 11.52

At the instant shown, slider block B is moving

with a constant acceleration, and its speed is
150 mm/s. Knowing that after slider block A
has moved 240 mm to the right its velocity is
60 mm/s, determine (a) the accelerations of A
and B, (b) the acceleration of portion D of the
cable, (c) the velocity and change in position of
slider block B after 4 s.

SOLUTION

From the diagram xB + ( xB − x A ) − 2 x A = constant

Then 2vB − 3v A = 0 (1)

and 2aB − 3a A = 0 (2)

(a) First observe that if block A moves to the right, v A → and Eq. (1) v B → . Then, using
Eq. (1) at t = 0
2(150 mm/s) − 3(v A )0 = 0

or (v A )0 = 100 mm/s

Also, Eq. (2) and aB = constant a A = constant

Then v A2 = (v A )02 + 2a A [ x A − ( x A )0 ]

When x A − ( x A )0 = 240 mm:

(60 mm/s) 2 = (100 mm/s) 2 + 2a A (240 mm)

40
or aA = − mm/s 2
3

or a A = 13.33 mm/s 2

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66
 PROBLEM 11.52 (Continued)

Then, substituting into Eq. (2)

40
2aB − 3 − mm/s 2 = 0
3

or aB = −20 mm/s 2 a B = 20.0 mm/s 2

(b) From the diagram, − xD − x A = constant

vD + v A = 0

Then aD + a A = 0

40
Substituting aD + − mm/s 2 = 0
3

or a D = 13.33 mm/s 2

(c) We have vB = ( vB ) 0 + a B t

At t = 4 s: vB = 150 mm/s + ( −20.0 mm/s 2 )(4 s)

or v B = 70.0 mm/s

1
Also x B = ( xB ) 0 + ( vB ) 0 t + aB t 2
2
At t = 4 s: xB − ( xB )0 = (150 mm/s)(4 s)
1
+ (−20.0 mm/s 2 )(4 s) 2
2
or x B − (x B )0 = 440 mm

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67
 PROBLEM 11.57

Block B starts from rest, block A moves with a constant

acceleration, and slider block C moves to the right with a
constant acceleration of 75 mm/s 2 . Knowing that at t = 2 s the
velocities of B and C are 480 mm/s downward and 280 mm/s to
the right, respectively, determine (a) the accelerations of A and B,
(b) the initial velocities of A and C, (c) the change in position of
slider block C after 3 s.

SOLUTION

From the diagram

3 y A + 4 yB + xC = constant
Then 3v A + 4vB + vC = 0 (1)
and 3a A + 4aB + aC = 0 (2)
Given: (vB ) = 0,
a A = constent
(aC ) = 75 mm/s 2
At t = 2 s, v B = 480 mm/s
vC = 280 mm/s
(a) Eq. (2) and a A = constant and aC = constant aB = constant
Then vB = 0 + a B t
At t = 2 s: 480 mm/s = aB (2 s)
aB = 240 mm/s 2 or a B = 240 mm/s 2
Substituting into Eq. (2)
3a A + 4(240 mm/s 2 ) + (75 mm/s 2 ) = 0
a A = −345 mm/s or a A = 345 mm/s 2

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74
 PROBLEM 11.57 (Continued)

(b) We have vC = (vC )0 + aC t

At t = 2 s: 280 mm/s = (vC )0 + (75 mm/s)(2 s)
vC = 130 mm/s or ( vC )0 = 130.0 mm/s
Then, substituting into Eq. (1) at t = 0
3(v A )0 + 4(0) + (130 mm/s) = 0
v A = −43.3 mm/s or (v A )0 = 43.3 mm/s
1
(c) We have xC = ( xC )0 + (vC )0 t + aC t 2
2
1
At t = 3 s: xC − ( xC )0 = (130 mm/s)(3 s) + (75 mm/s 2 )(3 s) 2
2
= 728 mm or xC − (xC )0 = 728 mm

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75
 PROBLEM 11.58

Block B moves downward with a constant velocity of 20 mm/s.

At t = 0, block A is moving upward with a constant acceleration,
and its velocity is 30 mm/s. Knowing that at t = 3 s slider block C
has moved 57 mm to the right, determine (a) the velocity of slider
block C at t = 0, (b) the accelerations of A and C, (c) the change in
position of block A after 5 s.

SOLUTION

From the diagram

3 y A + 4 yB + xC = constant
Then 3v A + 4vB + vC = 0 (1)
and 3a A + 4aB + aC = 0 (2)
Given: v B = 20 mm/s ;

( v A )0 = 30 mm/s
(a) Substituting into Eq. (1) at t = 0
3(−30 mm/s) + 4(20 mm/s) + (vC )0 = 0
(vC )0 = 10 mm/s or ( vC )0 = 10.00 mm/s
1
(b) We have xC = ( xC )0 + (vC )0 t + aC t 2
2
1
At t = 3 s: 57 mm = (10 mm/s)(3 s) + aC (3 s)2
2
aC = 6 mm/s 2 or aC = 6.00 mm/s 2

Now v B = constant → aB = 0

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76
 PROBLEM 11.58 (Continued)

Then, substituting into Eq. (2)

3a A + 4(0) + (6 mm/s 2 ) = 0

a A = −2 mm/s 2 or a A = 2.00 mm/s 2

1
(c) We have y A = ( y A )0 + (v A )0 t + a At 2
2
1
At t = 5 s: y A − ( y A )0 = (−30 mm/s)(5 s) + (−2 mm/s 2 )(5 s)2
2
= −175 mm
or y A − (y A )0 = 175.0 mm

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77
 PROBLEM 11.134

Determine the maximum speed that the cars of the roller-coaster

can reach along the circular portion AB of the track if ρ is 25 m
and the normal component of their acceleration cannot exceed 3 g.

SOLUTION

v2
We have an =
ρ

Then (vmax ) 2AB = (3 × 9.81 m/s 2 )(25 m)

or (vmax ) AB = 27.124 m/s

or (vmax ) AB = 97.6 km/h

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203
 PROBLEM 11.138

A robot arm moves so that P travels in a circle about Point B, which is not
moving. Knowing that P starts from rest, and its speed increases at a constant
rate of 10 mm/s2, determine (a) the magnitude of the acceleration when t = 4 s,
(b) the time for the magnitude of the acceleration to be 80 mm/s2.

SOLUTION

Tangential acceleration: at = 10 mm/s 2

Speed: v = at t

v2 at2 t 2
Normal acceleration: an = =
ρ ρ
where ρ = 0.8 m = 800 mm
(a) When t = 4 s v = (10)(4) = 40 mm/s

(40)2
an = = 2 mm/s 2
800

Acceleration: a = at2 + an2 = (10) 2 + (2) 2

a = 10.20 mm/s 2

(b) Time when a = 80 mm/s 2

a 2 = an2 + at2
2
2(10) 2 t 2
(80) = + 102 t 4 = 403200 s 4
800

t = 25.2 s

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207