Castillo, Anthony Louise M.

December 29, 2020

2015-02450

1.What is the meaning of the term constitutionalism?

Fidelity to the law by both governors and the governed

2. What were the laws which prohibited anti-government speech called in the British colonies of North
America?

The Seditious Libel Laws

3. Who was the journalist who questioned the authority of the State to imprison a person on the sole
ground of what the person thinks about?

John Peter Zenger

4. In what US State was the US Constitution drafted?

Pennsylvania

5. What is the name of the building where the US Constitution was drafted?

Independence Hall in Philadelphia

6. What is the term used to refer to the first ten amendments to the US Constitution?

The Bill of Rights

7. What does the First Amendment to the US Constitution say?

“Congress shall make no law respecting establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or the press, or the right of the people peaceably to
assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”

8. What is another name for the Federal Supreme Court in the USA?

The Supreme Court of the United States

9. How many states composed the USA when it was founded in 1776?

13

10. Which among them was the last to sign the US Constitution?

Virginia

11. Yes or No: Decisions of the US Federal Communications Commission may be reviewed by the
President of the United States.

No

12. What do you call the power of the head of the State to pardon convicts?

The President’s Clemency Powers

13. Yes or No: Does the US President have the power contemplated in No. 12 above?
Yes

14. Name at least one test used by the US courts in determining whether or not a speech or an utterance
may be validly prohibited by the State.

The Clear and Present Danger Test

15. What do you call the body of court decisions obtaining in a certain country?

Judicial Body

16. True or False: The freedom to speak includes the freedom not to speak.

True

17. How many justices (including the Chief Justice) compose the US Supreme Court?

18. What is the name of the newspaper published by Marcelo H. del Pilar?

La Solidaridad

19. What is the title of the editorial in a Philippine newspaper that angered a high-ranking American
colonial official in the Philippine Islands?

Aves de Rapina

20. In what newspaper was that editorial (in No. 19 above) published?

El Renacimiento

21. Who is the founder of the newsmagazine called Philippines Free Press?

Robert Mccolough Dick

22. Who was the first President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines?

Manuel L. Quezon

23. What is the official name of the Philippine Republic under President Jose P. Laurel?

Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic

24. In what year was Jose P. Laurel inaugurated as President?

1943

25. What was the only newspaper allowed by the Japanese military occupation forces to circulate in the
Philippine Islands during World War II?

The Tribune
26. True or False: The Japanese military occupation forces in the Philippine Islands during World War II
banned the use of television throughout the archipelago.
 False

27. What was the only radio station allowed by the Japanese military occupation forces to operate in
Manila during the war?

Philippine Islands Station “A” in Manila

28. True or False: The newspaper The Manila Times is older than The Philippine Star.

True

29. Who is the incumbent Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines?

Diosdado Peralta

30. How many justices (including Chief Justice) compose the Philippine Supreme Court?

15

31. Who was the popular Secretary of National Defense who broke the backbone of the communist
insurgency in the Philippines in the 1950s?

Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay Sr.

32. By what presidential proclamation did President Ferdinand Marcos place the entire Philippines under
martial law?

Proclamation 1081

33. True of False: A Catholic bishop once, but only briefly, served as the spokesman of President
Marcos.

True

34. What was the name of the film and TV censorship agency in the Philippines during the later part of the
administration of President Marcos?

Movie and Television Review and Classification Board

35. As understood in the Philippines, what do the letters K-B-P stand for?

Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas

36. Name at least one of the three major daily newspapers during the strongman administration of
President Ferdinand Marcos.

Philippines Daily Express

37. Yes or No: Does the President of the Philippines shed his constitutional rights each time he is inside
Malacañang?

No

38. When is a decision of the Supreme Court considered "doctrinal?"

39. What do you call the power of the courts to declare any act of the other branches of the government
unconstitutional and, therefore, void?

Jurisdiction

40. True or False: The right to privacy may be regulated by law.

False

41. Yes or No: May an order of a court, based on an existing law,

restrict the right to privacy of communication and correspondence?

Yes

42. True or False: All evidence against the accused acquired by the government in violation of the right to
privacy of communication and correspondence must be returned by the government to the accused.

False

43. True or False: The right to access information on matters of public interest and concern may be
exercised at all hours of the day.

True

44. True or False: A law which requires a newspaper to comply with a "right to reply" requirement is
actually unconstitutional.

True

45. True or False: During every election season, all advertisements on print and broadcast media are
subject to approval by the Commission on Elections.

True

46. Yes or No: Does the State have the constitutional power to temporarily take over any broadcast
facility during a national emergency?

Yes

47. Yes or No: Is there a real need for a freedom of information law in the country?

No

48. What is the latest law which protects consumers in the Philippines against misleading, fraudulent and
misleading advertisements?

Republic Act 7394 (The Consumer Act of the Philippines)

49. True or False: Under the Constitution, the ownership and management of mass media in the
Philippines is one hundred percent (100%) nationalized.

False
50. True or False: Under the Constitution, the 70-30 ratio in favor of Filipino ownership and management
of advertising agencies in the Philippines must be enforced at all times.

True

51. True or False: It is unconstitutional for Filipinos with dual citizenship to own and manage mass media
in the Philippines.

False

52. Yes or No: If you invested millions of pesos in a television network in the Philippines, will you insist on
having a say in the way the network is operated?

No

53. True or False: It is unconstitutional for a newspaper company in the Philippines to sell Philippine
Depositary Receipts to foreigners.

False

54. True or False: When Eugenio Lopez III was still the board chairman of the ABS-CBN Corporation, he
was a dual citizen of the Philippines and the USA.

True

55. True or False: Eugenio Lopez III voted in the 2016 US presidential elections.

True

56. As discussed in class, what does the term "privileged" mean?

Protected

57. What are the two types of privileged communication?

Absolute and Qualified

58. True or False: Every defamatory statement is presumed to be malicious at all times and in all
circumstances.

True

59. True or False: A libel can be committed through the use of photographs.

True

60. True or False: All libelous statements are defamatory.

False

61. Fill in the blank: To satisfy the element of identification in a prosecution for libel, it is not necessary
that the person libeled is identified, as long as he is _________.

Identifiable

62. True or False: One who is convicted of cyber libel must serve time in prison.
 True

63. Name three birds of prey identified in one of the editorials you were assigned to read.

64. What is the prescriptive period for ordinary libel?

1 year

65. Based on the latest legal opinion of the Department of Justice, what is prescriptive period for the
crime of cyber libel?

1 year

66. True or False: A person can sue himself for the crime of libel.

False

67. True or False: There is no such crime as frustrated libel.

True

68. Under the Revised Penal Code, when is truth a defense in a libel suit?

In every criminal prosecution for libel, the truth may be given in evidence to the court and if it
appears that the matter charged as libelous is true, and, moreover, that it was published with good
motives and for justifiable ends, the defendants shall be acquitted.

69. True or False: There is no such crime as attempted libel.

True

70. True or False: An official of Quezon City who resides in Manila and who wishes to sue for libel may
institute the case in the City of Manila.

True

71. Fill in the blanks: The law on libel protects a person's right to a good __________.

Name

72. True or False: A person who shouts "fire" inside a crowded cinema house and is criminally charged
for it cannot validly invoke the constitutional right of free speech.

True

73. Yes or No: Should libel be decriminalized?

No

74. What type of privileged communication is considered a complete defense in a criminal prosecution for
libel or cyber libel?

Qualified
75. What is the 1968 US Supreme Court decision involving the New York Times?

The Supreme Court ruled that the First Amendment did protect the right of The New York Times
to print the materials.

76. True or False: No liability attaches to any criticism of a public official for defamatory statements that
are true, even if prompted by malice.

True

77.True or False: No liability attaches to any criticism of a public official for defamatory statements that
are false, if done without actual malice.

True

78. What is "actual malice" as defined in the Supreme Court decision in No. 75 above?

with the knowledge that they are false

79. True or False: Satire is a complete defense in a prosecution for libel.

True

80. What is the legal term for blackmail?

Extortion

81. Yes or No: Can the crime of libel be committed through a recorded song?

Yes

82. True or False: A foreigner residing in the Philippines and who

has been libeled has the right to sue for libel under Philippine law.

True

83. True or False: The following statement is defamatory -- “He has so many illegitimate children, it takes
him a whole month to celebrate Father's Day."

False

84. Under Article 353 of the Revised Penal Code, may a dead person sue for libel?

Yes

85. True or False: To be called a "sweet painted lady" is defamatory.

False

86. During what year was the Revised Penal Code enacted?

1930

87.True or False: The Revised Penal Code in its original text is in Spanish.
 True

88. What is the name of the national appellate court in the country?

Court of Appeals

89. Who is the only Philippine president to actually sue for libel?

President Rodrigo Duterte

90. True or False: In a prosecution for libel, the intention of the author is immaterial in assessing the
element of defamation.

True

91. A city prosecutor is an employee of what department in the government?

Department of Justice

92. Yes or No: May a corporation file a criminal case for libel?

Yes

93. Yes or No: May a corporation be sued in a criminal case for libel?

No

94. True or False: Self-defense is a valid defense in a criminal prosecution for libel.

False

95. Who is the incumbent Dean of the UP College of Mass Communication?

Arminda V. Santiago

96. Yes or No: A telephone exploded in the film Absence of Malice.

No

97. Yes or No: Can a news story be accurate and be false at the same time?

Yes

98. True or False: Some coffee spilled in a scene from the film Absence of Malice.

True

99. Yes or No: Did a car explode in a scene from the film Absence of Malice?

Yes

100. Yes or No: Was there a yacht in the film Absence of Malice?

No
 BONUS QUESTION NO. 1 (5 POINTS)

Who among the individuals below is John Peter Zenger?

Answer by citing row and photo location.
(Example, Horizontal Row 1, nth photograph starting from left)

Horizontal Row 2, 9th photograph starting from the left

 BONUS QUESTION NO. 2 (5 POINTS)

Two of the individuals whose photographs appear below

are not Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
Identify both of them correctly and get 5 bonus points.
Answer by citing rows and photos' locations.
(Example, Horizontal Row 1, nth photograph starting from left;
and Horizontal Row 4, nth photohgraph from left)

Horizontal Row A, 5th photograph starting from left

and Horizontal Row D, 3rd photograph from left