CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, pesticide are not only expensive but also not guaranteed to be safe. With the

innovation of technology, farmers and householders invented multiple remedies for eradicating

pesticide from their garden plants. Toxic sprays might eliminate garden pest but are harmful to you

and the environment which leads towards this study in finding a cheap alternative for organic and

natural pesticide using ingredients found at home. This study was also conducted to be more

resourceful and to create an effective pesticide without harming the health of individuals and

destroying garden plants.

Background of Study

Pesticides are used worldwide and increase crop yield on average by 30% as well as

improving crop quality. Modern organic pesticides have been used widely since the late 1940s and so

there is over 50 years of experience of their behavior in the environment and their impact upon it. The

spectrum of compounds applied over this time has changed substantially, with. Though increasingly

strict registration criteria, coupled with market forces are leading the discontinuation of the use of

many older compounds and several hundred active ingredients will remain available. In the Middle

Ages, the skills of healing, cultivation of medicinal plants, and preparation of drugs moved to

monasteries. While the old peoples used medicinal plants primarily as simple pharmaceutical forms—

infusions, decoctions and macerations—in the Middle Ages, and in particular between 16th and 18th

centuries, the demand for compound drugs was increasing. The compound drugs comprised

medicinal plants along with drugs of animal and plant origin. If the drug the theriac was produced from

a number of medicinal plants, rare animals, and minerals, it was highly valued and sold expensively.

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Statement of the Problem

This study is conducted to produce Natural and affordable Pesticide made by Ginger,

garlic and green chili.

Specially, it aimed to answer the following question:

1. Will this product be as effective and safer to use rather than common pesticides?

2. Is there a difference between “Ginger, garlic and green chili as pesticide to the commercialized

one?

3. How long will this product last?

4. Is it applicable to every kinds of plants?

5. Can it kill insects found in our house?

Statement of Hypotheses

This study was directed by the following hypotheses:

Null Hypotheses:

1. Natural Ginger, Garlic and Green Chili as pesticide will not be as effective and not safer to use

rather than the common pesticides.

2. There is no difference between the commercialized pesticides and the Ginger, garlic and green chili

mixture.
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3. It will not last for 100 days.

4. This product is not applicable to every kinds of plants.

5. It will not kill other insects inside our house.

Alternative Hypotheses

1. Natural Ginger ( Zingiber officinale) Garlic (Allium sativum) and Green Chili (Capsicum annuum) as

pesticide will be as effective and safer to use rather than the common pesticides.

2. There is a difference between the commercialized pesticides and the Ginger (Zingiber officinale),

garlic (Allium sativum) and green chili (Capsicum annuum) mixture.

3. It will last for more than 100 days.

4. This product is applicable to every kinds of plants.

5. It can kill other insects found inside our house.

Objectives of the Study

This study sought to determine the Garlic (Allium sativum) ginger(Zingiber officinale),

and green chili (Capsicum annuum) as a natural pesticide for every plants.

Specifically, it aimed:

1. To propose an alternative pesticide for consumers safer and more affordable.

2. To test and discover its quality of eliminating all kinds of pests and plants targeted.
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3. To propose a new powerful and effective pesticide.

Significance of the Study

This study was conducted for the beneficial effects of every community. This organic homemade

pesticide is safe for the environment since it is based on natural ingredients and contains the simplest

chemicals. This study can raise the knowledge and awareness of its audience regarding the impacts

of pests in the ecosystem with its increasing number. This will be beneficial to nature lovers, farmers,

promote safety, awareness and at the same time, helping the environment. Understanding this study

be great help to with good sanitation practices and proper cultural care. This will serve as future

references to practitioners and future researchers regarding improving repellants and future products.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study was conducted to use homemade pesticides by the mixture of Ginger (Zingiber

officinale), garlic ( Allium sativumand) green chili (Capsicum annuumas) perceived to every farmers

affordable to everyone. Conducting this study is not as hard as others for all of the materials is found

in our house.

1. To propose an alternative pesticide for consumers safer and more affordable.

GINGER a hot fragrant spice made from the rhizome of a plant, which may be chopped or powdered.

GREEN CHILI is a green peppers that are hot and colored and tender in texture.

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MEDICINAL PLANTS plants that possess therapeutic properties or exert beneficial pharmacological

effect on the human or animal body.

PEST are destructive insect or other animal that attacks crops, food, livestock, etc.

PESTICIDE is any substance used to kill, repel, or control certain forms or plants or animal life that

considered to be pests

GINGER a hot fragrant spice made from the rhizome of a plant, which may be chopped or powdered.

GREEN CHILI is a green peppers that are hot and colored and tender in texture.

MEDICINAL PLANTS plants that possess therapeutic properties or exert beneficial pharmacological

effect on the human or animal body.

PEST are destructive insect or other animal that attacks crops, food, livestock, etc.

PESTICIDE is any substance used to kill, repel, or control certain forms or plants or animal life that

considered to be pests

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

FOREIGN LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) released a document showing both the

US and world market for all pesticide use for 2006 and 2007. The cumulative amount of money spent

world wide for both years was $75,257,000,000 with the US contributing 33%. Agriculture is the main

use for pesticides and total pounds of pesticide use for agriculture decreased approximately 7% from

2000 to 2007. Having said that, 877 million pounds of pesticides are still being used in agricultural

practices.  Organophosphates are particularly dangerous as they act as a neurotoxin and effect brain

function. These types of pesticides are also on the decline, however, 33 million pounds are still being

used annually and levels of organophosphates are still detected in food and the bodies of most

humans. In fact, organic farming practices allow the use of pesticides as long as they are derived via

natural processes and not through synthetic means. Again, this sounds like its not so bad until you

dive a little deeper. Most organic pesticides are low potency, due primarily to the fact that they are

naturally produced. While some organic farmers are using these low potency pesticides, they still

desire and often times require, the same protection as seen with synthetic pesticides. So, by the

nature of the beast, organic farmers use higher quantities of there low dose drugs to achieve the

same effects of chemically derived pesticides. A recent study investigated the effectiveness of a

synthetic vs non synthetic pesticide. Rotenone-pyrethrin, a common organic pesticide, and imidan, a

“soft” synthetic pesticide were compared to determine the required quantity for similar protection. It as

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found that seven applications of the rotenone-pyrethrin mixture was equivalent to two applications of

imidan. Furthermore, it was observed that rotenone is extremely toxic to aquatic life.

LOCAL LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Increase of susceptibility of farmers to pesticide intoxication is due to lack of knowledge

regarding safe and proper pesticide handling. This study aims to assess the pesticide use and

handling, perceptions on the pesticide effects to health and environment and the self-reported

symptoms of potential pesticide poisoning among farmers in Mindanao, Southern Philippines. This

study used a combination of an open-ended and a close-ended structured questionnaire where a total

of 701 farmers were interviewed. Majority of the farmers believed that pesticide has negative effects

to health and environment. Despite this notion, their unsafe handling of pesticides and non-

compliance to proper utilization of personal protective devices may increase their risks to the potential

danger brought about by exposure to pesticides. The most prevalent pesticides were those that

belong to chemical families pyrethroid and organophosphate which are classified by WHO as Class II

toxicity level. The most common complaints among farmers after the spraying sessions were skin

irritation (32.95%), headache (29.55%), cough (23.30%), dry throat (15.34%), shortness of breath

(14.96%), dizziness (14.20%), nausea (12.69%) and eye irritation (11.36%) which were

manifestations of mild pyrethroid and organophosphate poisonings. These findings suggest that

improving habits towards safe use and handling of pesticides among farmers by extensive trainings

will significantly decrease pesticide poisoning incidences.

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 CHAPTER III

METHODS OF RESEARCH AND SOURCES OF DATA

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

One of the variables presented is the type of pesticide, homemade/organic pesticide

with the use of ginger ( Zingiber officinale) ,Garlic (Allium sativum) and Green Chili (Capsicum

annuum): We will use towards this experimentation it is really nice to create an homemade alternative

pesticide that works as good as commercially sold repellents through processes that will not harm the

environment and consumer’s health. If you are affected of it you know what should you do to prevail

them like what we did a test on where the pests works effectively. The variables that we will use are

related to our study because we can determine which pesticide is more effective. We also can

determine which pests are killed by pesticides.

TYPE OF PESTICIDE TYPES OF PESTS

Homemade Organic Pesticide made from Cockroaches, ants, Flies, aphids, mealybugs,

Ginger, Garlic and Green mixture. moths, immature scales, and whiteflies.
Glyphosate pesticide used in a variety of vegetables and crops in the

field, gardens, and greenhouses

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Research Design

This study entitled “Natural and Affordable Pesticide : Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber

officinale), and Green chili (Capsicum annuum) mixture” is an applied research that aims to solve

problems related to getting rid of pests through the use of organic and materials at home. In this type

of research, the problem is identified a new system or new method is applied in order to solve the

problem. On the other hand, experimental type of research is conducted in the study. The

experimental method was employed in this study for it aims to know the potential use of these

materials and to help everyone and the environment for having this organic and natural pesticide.

Flowchart of the Procedure

PREPARATION OF MATERIALS

(25 g of ginger ,50 g of garlic, 25g of green chilli, 10 ml of

kerosene ,12 ml soap or detergent, and 3 liters of water

Soak garlic in kerosene for 24 hours

Crush the garlic with blender, pestle, or

mortar

Crush the green chili and add 50 ml of water

Crush the ginger until smooth

Mix all ingredients. Add soap. Mix everything together. Let the mixture sit
overnight. Strain the soaking solution with a soft cloth. The solution is
ready to use.

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Plan for Data Analysis

To facilitate data analysis, the following:

Come up with a research question. Deals on how the ingredients are allocated to an experiment.

Types of design include in repeated measures, independent groups and matched pair designs.

Frame the hypothesis. Narrow down the research question to a predicted outcome, which need to

test.

Design and conduct the study. Identify the requirements (methods, materials, and subjects, as

needed) then conduct the experiment.

Analyze and discuss the results. Inspect andinterpret the results, even if they are negative ( that is,

do not corroborate your hypothesis)

Form & conclusion based on the results. You discuss new learnings from the study and suggest

possible directions for future experiments

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References

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/pesticide

https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/success_stories/pdf/2010/farm%20innovation/Affordable.pdf

https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/Philippines-
AGRICULTURE.html#ixzz6gBkNdWCs

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