RT Acceptance Criteria for Welder Test according to ASME Sec IX (QW 191 1.
2)
# Type of Defect / Discontinuity
Linear Indication
1 - Any type of Crack or zone
2 - Any Incomplete Fusion
3 - Any Incomplete Penetration
4 - Any Elongated Slag Inclusion
5 - Any group of slag inclusion
Rounded Indications
6 Rounded Indication ( Porosity ,
Inclusion , Tungsten )
Note : Linear indication : Length is more than 3x the width ; Rounded Indication if the length is 3x or less than the width
Acceptance and Rejection criteria
Unacceptable
Unacceptable
Unacceptable
Length greater than 3 mm is Unacceptable for thickness up to 10 mm
Length greater than 1/3t mm is Unacceptable for thickness 10 mm - 57 mm
Aggregate length greater than t in a length 12t , except when the distance between
the succesive imperfection exceeds 6L where L is the length of the longest
imperfection on the group
The maximum permissible dimension for rounded indications shall be 20% of t or 3
mm whichever is small
For Weld material 3 mm greater in thickness the chart in figure QW 191 1.2.2(b) .4
represent the maximum acceptable types of rounded indication ilustrated in typicaly
clustered , assorted and randomly dispersed configuration.
Rounded less than 0.8 mm in maximum diameter shall not be consider in
radiographic acceptance test of welders.
 RT Acceptance Criteria for Production Piping Process according to ASME B31.3
Normal and Category M Fluid Service
# Type of Defect / Discontinuity Acceptance and Rejection criteria ( Note 1 and 2)
1 Any type of Crack or zone Unacceptable
Any Incomplete Fusion / Lack of
2 Unacceptable
Fusion

Girth, Miter ,Groove and branch connection

Cumulative length of incomplete penetration , Acceptable value limits :
≤ 38 mm in any 150 mm length or 25% of total weld length ,whichever is less
Incomplete Penetration
Longitudinal welds
3 Unacceptable

Rounded indication Acceptable limits for Tw ≤ 6 mm ---> Limits is refer to ASME

Rounded Indication ( Porosity ,
4 Inclusion , Tungsten , Cluster
Porosity )
VIII Div 1 Appendix 4
# Size distribution of rounded indication, Maximum permissible size of any
indication shall be 1/4t or 4 mm whichever is smaller except that an isolated
indication separated from an adjacent indication by 25 mm or more may be 1/3t or
6mm whichever is less.
# Aligned rounded indication are acceptable when the summation of the diameter
of the indication is less than t in a length of 12t . see figure 4-1. The length of group
and spacing between the group shall meet requirement figure 4-2.
# Rounded indication chart shall not exceed that shown in the charts figure 4-3 to
4-8.
# The length an acceptable Cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 25 mm or 2t
.where more than one cluster is present, the sum of the length of the cluster shall
not exceed 25 mm in 150 mm length weld.

Rounded indication Acceptable limits for Tw > 6 mm --> limits is 1.5 x as above
ASME VIII Div 1 Appendix 4

# Acceptable value limits Individual length ≤ 2Tw

# Acceptable value limits width ≤ 3mm and ≤ Tw/2 (The lesser of values
5 Elongated indication
determines of acceptance )
# Cumulative length ≤ 4Tw in any 150 mm weld length.

Girth, Miter ,Groove and branch connection

Depth of undercut, acceptable value limits ≤ 1mm and ≤ Tw/4 (The lesser of
values determines of acceptance )
6 Undercutting Cumulative length of internal and external UC ≤ 38mm in any 150mm weld length
or 25% of total weld length, whichever is less.

Longitudinal welds
Unacceptable
Concave surface , concave root Depth of surface concavity ,root concavity or burn through , Acceptable value
7
or burn through limits : Total Joint thickness including weld reinforcement ≥ Tw ( Note 3)
Note :
1. Tw is nominal wall thickness of the thinner of two component joined by a butt weld.
2. t is the thickness (thinner of two thickness) of the weld ,excluding any allowable reinforcement
, throat thickness for fillet weld
3. Acceptability may be determine by comparing density of image through the affected area to the density
through the adjacent base metal (Tw)
 RT Acceptance Criteria for Production Piping Process according to ASME B31.3
Category D Fluid Service
# Type of Defect / Discontinuity Acceptance and Rejection criteria ( Note 1 and 2)
1 Any type of Crack or zone Unacceptable

Girth, Miter ,Groove and branch connection

Any Incomplete Fusion / Lack of Cumulative length of incomplete penetration , Acceptable value limits :
2
Fusion ≤ 38 mm in any 150 mm length or 25% of total weld length ,whichever is less.
Longitudinal weld and Branch connection
Unacceptable
Girth, Miter ,Groove and branch connection
Cumulative length of incomplete penetration , Acceptable value limits :
≤ 38 mm in any 150 mm length or 25% of total weld length ,whichever is less
3 Incomplete Penetration
Longitudinal welds
Unacceptable

Rounded Indication ( Porosity ,

4 Inclusion , Tungsten , Cluster Code Doesn't establish acceptance criteria or does not require evaluation of this
kind of imperfection of this type of weld category
Porosity )

Code Doesn't establish acceptance criteria or does not require evaluation of this
5 Elongated indication
kind of imperfection of this type of weld category

Girth, Miter ,Groove and branch connection

Depth of undercut, acceptable value limits ≤ 1.5mm and { ≤ Tw/4 or 1 mm} (The
lesser of values determines of acceptance)
Cumulative length of internal and external UC ≤ 38mm in any 150mm weld length
or 25% of total weld length, whichever is less.

Longitudinal welds
6 Undercutting Unacceptable

Fillet welds and branch connection

Depth of undercut, acceptable value limits ≤ 1mm and ≤ Tw/4 (The lesser of
values determines of acceptance)
Cumulative length of internal and external UC ≤ 38mm in any 150mm weld length
or 25% of total weld length, whichever is less.

Concave surface , concave root Depth of surface concavity ,root concavity or burn through , Acceptable value
7
or burn through limits : Total Joint thickness including weld reinforcement ≥ Tw ( Note 3)
Note :
1. Tw is nominal wall thickness of the thinner of two component joined by a butt weld.
2. t is the thickness (thinner of two thickness) of the weld ,excluding any allowable reinforcement
, throat thickness for fillet weld
3. Acceptability may be determine by comparing density of image through the affected area to the density
through the adjacent base metal (Tw)
 RT Acceptance Criteria for Production Piping Process according to ASME B31.3
Severe Cyclic Condition
# Type of Defect / Discontinuity Acceptance and Rejection criteria ( Note 1 and 2)
1 - Any type of Crack or zone Unacceptable
- Any Incomplete Fusion / Lack
Unacceptable
2 of Fusion
3 Incomplete Penetration Unacceptable

Rounded indication Acceptable limits ---> Limits is refer to ASME VIII Div 1
Appendix 4
# Size distribution of rounded indication, Maximum permissible size of any
indication shall be 1/4t or 4 mm whichever is smaller except that an isolated
indication separated from an adjacent indication by 25 mm or more may be 1/3t or
6mm whichever is less.
Rounded Indication ( Porosity ,
# Aligned rounded indication are acceptable when the summation of the diameter
4 Inclusion , Tungsten , Cluster
of the indication is less than t in a length of 12t . see figure 4-1. The length of group
Porosity )
and spacing between the group shall meet requirement figure 4-2.
# Rounded indication chart shall not exceed that shown in the charts figure 4-3 to
4-8.
# The length an acceptable Cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 25 mm or 2t
.where more than one cluster is present, the sum of the length of the cluster shall
not exceed 25 mm in 150 mm length weld.

# Acceptable value limits Individual length ≤ Tw/3

# Acceptable value limits Individual width ≤ 2.5mm and ≤ Tw/3 (The lesser of
5 Elongated indication
values determines of acceptance )
# Cumulative length ≤ Tw in any 12Tw weld length.

Girth, Miter ,Groove and branch connection, Fillet weld

Unacceptable
6 Undercutting
Longitudinal welds
Unacceptable

7 Concave surface , concave root Depth of surface concavity ,root concavity or burn through , Acceptable value
or burn through limits : Total Joint thickness including weld reinforcement ≥ Tw ( Note 3)
Note :
1. Tw is nominal wall thickness of the thinner of two component joined by a butt weld.
2. t is the thickness (thinner of two thickness) of the weld ,excluding any allowable reinforcement
, throat thickness for fillet weld
3. Acceptability may be determine by comparing density of image through the affected area to the density
through the adjacent base metal (Tw)
 RT Acceptance Criteria according to API 1104

For Welder qualification Visual inspection shall be free from crack , inadequate penetration , and Burn Through

# Type of Defect / Discontinuity Acceptance and Rejection criteria

In adequate penetration without high low (IP)
Figure 13
IP shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :
a. The length of an individual indication of IP exceeds 25 mm.
b. The aggregate length of indication IP in any continous 300 mm weld
1
length of weld exceeds 25 mm.
c. The aggregate length of indication IP exceeds 8% of the weld length in
any weld less than 300 mm in length.

In adequate penetration due to high low (IPD)

Figure 14

IPD shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of IPD exceeds 50 mm
2
b. The aggregate length of indication IP in any continous 300 mm weld
length of weld exceeds 75 mm.

Inadequate cross penetration (ICP)

Figure 15

ICP shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of ICP exceeds 50 mm
3
b. The aggregate length of indication ICP in any continous 300 mm weld
length of weld exceeds 50 mm.

Incomplete Fusion (IF)

Figure 16

IF shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of IF exceeds 25 mm
b. The aggregate length of indication IF in any continous 300 mm length of
4
weld exceeds 25 mm.
c. The aggregate length of indication IF exceeds 8% of the weld length in
any weld less than 300 mm in length.

Incomplete Fusion due to cold lap (IFD)

Figure 17

IFD shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of IF exceeds 50 mm
5 b. The aggregate length of indication IF in any continous 300 mm length of
weld exceeds 50 mm.
c. The aggregate length of indication IF exceeds 8% of the weld length

Internal Concavity (IC) Figure 18

Any length of IC is acceptable.

6 Provided the density of the radiographic image of the IC does not exceed
that of the thinnest adjacent parent material
 BurnThrough (BT)
Large Diameter Pipe. OD greater than or equal to 2.375 Inch ( 60.3 mm), BT
shall be considered a defect should any of the following condition exist :
- The maximum dimension exceeds 6 mm and the density in any portion of
the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
- The maximum dimension exceeds the thinner of the specified wall
thickness joined and the density in any portion of the BT's image exceeds
that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
- The sum of the maximum dimensions of separate BT's whose image
density for any portion of the BT's exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent
parent material and exceeds 13 mm in any continous 300 mm length of
weld or the total weld length, whichever is less.
7

Small Diameter Pipe. OD less than 2.375 Inch ( 60.3 mm), BT shall be
considered a defect should any of the following condition exist :
a. The maximum dimension exceeds 6 mm and the density in any portion of
the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
b. The maximum dimension exceeds the thinner of the specified wall
thickness joined and the density in any portion of the BT's image exceeds
that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
c. more than one BT's of any size is present and the density in any portion
of the BT image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.

Slag Inclusion

Large Diameter Pipe . For pipe with specified OD greater than or equal to
2.375 Inch ( 60.3 mm) , slag inclusion shall be considered a defect should
any of the following condition exist :
a. The length of an ESI indication exceeds 50 mm.
b. The aggregate length of ESI indication in any continous 300 length of
weld exceeds 50 mm.
c. Width of an ESI indication exceeds 1.6 mm.
d. The aggregate length of ISI indication in any continous 300 mm length of
weld exceeds 13 mm
e. The width of an ISI indication exceeds 3 mm.
f. more than four ISI indication with the maximum width 3mm are present
in any continous 300 mm length.
g.The aggregate length of ESI and ISI indications exceeds 8% of the weld
length.
8

Small Diameter Pipe . For pipe with specified OD less than 2.375 Inch ( 60.3
mm) , slag inclusion shall be considered a defect should any of the following
condition exist :
a. The length of an ESI indication exceeds 3X thinner of the specified wall
thicknesses joint.
b. Width of an ESI indication exceeds 1.6 mm.
c. The aggregate length of ISI indication exceeds 2X the thinner of specified
wall thicknesses joined and the width exceeds one-half the thinner of the
specified wall thicknesses joined.
d.The aggregate length of ESI and ISI indications exceeds 8% of the weld
length.

Individual or scattered Porosity

Individual or scattered porosity shall be considered a defect should be any
of the following conditions exist :
a. The size of an individual pore exceeds 3mm in diameter or 25% of the
specified wall thickness , whichever is less.
9
b. The Size of an individual pore exceeds 25% of the thinner of the specified
wall thickness joined, but no more than 3 mm diameter.
c. The distribution of scattered porosity exceeds the concentration
permitted by Figure 19 or Figure 20

Cluster Porosity (CP)

CP that occurs in the finish pass shall be considered a defect should any of
the following condition exist :
10 a. Diameter of the cluster exceeds 13 mm.
b. The aggregate length of CP in any continous 300 mm length of weld
exceeds 13 mm.
 Hollow bead Porosity (HB)

HB shall be considered defect should any of the following conditions exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of HB exceeds 13 mm.
b. The aggregate length of indication of HB in any continous 300 mm length
of weld exceeds 50 mm.
11
c. Individual indication of HB , each greater than 6 mm in length, are
separated by less than 50 mm.
d.The aggregate length of all indications of HB exceeds 8% of the weld
length.

Crack

Crack shall be considered a defect should any of the following condition

exist :
a. the crack, of any size or location in the weld, is not a shallow crater crack
12 or star crack.
b. the crack is a shallow crater crack or star crack with a length that exceeds
4 mm

Under Cutting

Undercutting adjacent to the cover pass (EU) or undercutting adjacent to

root pass (IU) shall be considered a defect should any of the following
condition exists:
13 a. The aggregate length of indications of EU and IU in any combination , in
any continous 300 mm length of weld exceeds 50 mm.
b. The aggregare length of indication of EU and IU in any combination
exceeds one-sixth of the weld length.

Excluding incomplete penetration due to high low and undercutting , any

accumulation of imperfection shall be considered a defect should any of the
following condition exists :
14 Accumulation of Imperfection
a. The aggregate length of indications in any continous 300 mm length of
weld exceeds 50 mm.
b. The aggregate length of indications exceeds 8% of the weld length.
 RT Acceptance Criteria according to AWS D1.1

For Welder qualification Visual inspection shall be free from crack , inadequate penetration , and Burn Through

# Type of Defect / Discontinuity Acceptance and Rejection criteria

In adequate penetration without high low (IP)
Figure 13
IP shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :
a. The length of an individual indication of IP exceeds 25 mm.
b. The aggregate length of indication IP in any continous 300 mm weld
1
length of weld exceeds 25 mm.
c. The aggregate length of indication IP exceeds 8% of the weld length in
any weld less than 300 mm in length.

In adequate penetration due to high low (IPD)

Figure 14

IPD shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of IPD exceeds 50 mm
2
b. The aggregate length of indication IP in any continous 300 mm weld
length of weld exceeds 75 mm.

Inadequate cross penetration (ICP)

Figure 15

ICP shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of ICP exceeds 50 mm
3
b. The aggregate length of indication ICP in any continous 300 mm weld
length of weld exceeds 50 mm.

Incomplete Fusion (IF)

Figure 16

IF shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of IF exceeds 25 mm
b. The aggregate length of indication IF in any continous 300 mm length of
4
weld exceeds 25 mm.
c. The aggregate length of indication IF exceeds 8% of the weld length in
any weld less than 300 mm in length.

Incomplete Fusion due to cold lap (IFD)

Figure 17

IFD shall be considered defect should any following condition exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of IF exceeds 50 mm
5 b. The aggregate length of indication IF in any continous 300 mm length of
weld exceeds 50 mm.
c. The aggregate length of indication IF exceeds 8% of the weld length

Internal Concavity (IC) Figure 18

Any length of IC is acceptable.

6 Provided the density of the radiographic image of the IC does not exceed
that of the thinnest adjacent parent material
 BurnThrough (BT)
Large Diameter Pipe. OD greater than or equal to 2.375 Inch ( 60.3 mm), BT
shall be considered a defect should any of the following condition exist :
- The maximum dimension exceeds 6 mm and the density in any portion of
the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
- The maximum dimension exceeds the thinner of the specified wall
thickness joined and the density in any portion of the BT's image exceeds
that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
- The sum of the maximum dimensions of separate BT's whose image
density for any portion of the BT's exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent
parent material and exceeds 13 mm in any continous 300 mm length of
weld or the total weld length, whichever is less.
7

Small Diameter Pipe. OD less than 2.375 Inch ( 60.3 mm), BT shall be
considered a defect should any of the following condition exist :
a. The maximum dimension exceeds 6 mm and the density in any portion of
the BT's image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
b. The maximum dimension exceeds the thinner of the specified wall
thickness joined and the density in any portion of the BT's image exceeds
that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
c. more than one BT's of any size is present and the density in any portion
of the BT image exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.

Slag Inclusion

Large Diameter Pipe . For pipe with specified OD greater than or equal to
2.375 Inch ( 60.3 mm) , slag inclusion shall be considered a defect should
any of the following condition exist :
a. The length of an ESI indication exceeds 50 mm.
b. The aggregate length of ESI indication in any continous 300 length of
weld exceeds 50 mm.
c. Width of an ESI indication exceeds 1.6 mm.
d. The aggregate length of ISI indication in any continous 300 mm length of
weld exceeds 13 mm
e. The width of an ISI indication exceeds 3 mm.
f. more than four ISI indication with the maximum width 3mm are present
in any continous 300 mm length.
g.The aggregate length of ESI and ISI indications exceeds 8% of the weld
length.
8

Small Diameter Pipe . For pipe with specified OD less than 2.375 Inch ( 60.3
mm) , slag inclusion shall be considered a defect should any of the following
condition exist :
a. The length of an ESI indication exceeds 3X thinner of the specified wall
thicknesses joint.
b. Width of an ESI indication exceeds 1.6 mm.
c. The aggregate length of ISI indication exceeds 2X the thinner of specified
wall thicknesses joined and the width exceeds one-half the thinner of the
specified wall thicknesses joined.
d.The aggregate length of ESI and ISI indications exceeds 8% of the weld
length.

Individual or scattered Porosity

Individual or scattered porosity shall be considered a defect should be any
of the following conditions exist :
a. The size of an individual pore exceeds 3mm in diameter or 25% of the
specified wall thickness , whichever is less.
9
b. The Size of an individual pore exceeds 25% of the thinner of the specified
wall thickness joined, but no more than 3 mm diameter.
c. The distribution of scattered porosity exceeds the concentration
permitted by Figure 19 or Figure 20

Cluster Porosity (CP)

CP that occurs in the finish pass shall be considered a defect should any of
the following condition exist :
10 a. Diameter of the cluster exceeds 13 mm.
b. The aggregate length of CP in any continous 300 mm length of weld
exceeds 13 mm.
 Hollow bead Porosity (HB)

HB shall be considered defect should any of the following conditions exist :

a. The length of an individual indication of HB exceeds 13 mm.
b. The aggregate length of indication of HB in any continous 300 mm length
of weld exceeds 50 mm.
11
c. Individual indication of HB , each greater than 6 mm in length, are
separated by less than 50 mm.
d.The aggregate length of all indications of HB exceeds 8% of the weld
length.

Crack

Crack shall be considered a defect should any of the following condition

exist :
a. the crack, of any size or location in the weld, is not a shallow crater crack
12 or star crack.
b. the crack is a shallow crater crack or star crack with a length that exceeds
4 mm

Under Cutting

Undercutting adjacent to the cover pass (EU) or undercutting adjacent to

root pass (IU) shall be considered a defect should any of the following
condition exists:
13 a. The aggregate length of indications of EU and IU in any combination , in
any continous 300 mm length of weld exceeds 50 mm.
b. The aggregare length of indication of EU and IU in any combination
exceeds one-sixth of the weld length.

Excluding incomplete penetration due to high low and undercutting , any

accumulation of imperfection shall be considered a defect should any of the
following condition exists :
14 Accumulation of Imperfection
a. The aggregate length of indications in any continous 300 mm length of
weld exceeds 50 mm.
b. The aggregate length of indications exceeds 8% of the weld length.
6.12.2 Discontinuity Acceptance Criteria for Cyclically
Loaded Nontubular Connections. Welds that are
subject to RT in addition to visual inspection shall have
no cracks and shall be unacceptable if the RT shows any
of the types of discontinuities described in 6.12.2.1,
6.12.2.2, or 6.12.2.3. The limitations given by Figures
6.2 and 6.3 for 1-1/2 in [38 mm] weld size (E) shall apply
to all weld sizes greater than 1-1/2 in [38 mm].
Not Apply 6.12.2.2